|
|
Effect of Sepsis on Dynamics of Hippocampal Oscillations and CA1 Cells
Annu, Kala ; Ježek, Karel (advisor) ; Klement, Daniel (referee) ; Levčík, David (referee)
(CZECH) Sepsí asociovaná encefalopatie (SAE) je závažnou komplikací sepse, která vede k vysoké mortalitě a dlouhodobé mozkové dysfunkci. SAE se často projevuje jako změna vědomí, delirium, kóma, nepozornost a kognitivní poruchy. Poruchy spánku zobrazené jako fragmentace spánku a bdění vyskytující se v akutní fázi sepse byly přímo spojeny se špatnými výsledky u pacientů se sepsí. U osob, které přežily septický šok, se typicky rozvíjí postseptický syndrom charakterizovaný extrémní únavou, poruchami spánku a kognitivními poruchami. Centrální nervový systém, konkrétně hipokampus, je jednou z prvních oblastí, které jsou v důsledku SAE postiženy. Navzdory úloze spánku při udržování funkčního imunitního systému a jeho významu pro konsolidaci paměti zůstává důkladné pochopení vzorců spánku a bdění nedostatečně prozkoumáno. V této práci jsme se zaměřili na pochopení jemné dynamiky oscilací hipokampu na modelu sepse s LPS (10 mg/kg) v uretanové anestezii. Uretan má minimální účinky na dýchací a kardiovaskulární systém, což z něj činí vhodný systém pro studium jemné kinetiky mozkových oscilací bez vnějších senzorických modalit. Dále jsme se zaměřili na potvrzení našich zjištění o architektuře spánku a spektrálních vlastnostech u neanestetizovaných zvířat pod standardizovanou dávkou 5 mg/kg LPS. Dále jsme se...
|
|
| |
|
|
Functional cognitive mapping of temporopolar regions in temporal lobe epilepsy patiens
Amlerová, Jana ; Marusič, Petr (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee) ; Klement, Daniel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize basic knowledge and bring some new data about the temporal pole function in temporal lobe epilepsy patients focusing on the less explored domains -famous face identification, emotion recognition, social cognition and spatial navigation. These functions are not routinely tested in standard neuropsychological assessment however the impairment of these functions may lead to severe dysfunctions in everyday life of the temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
The role of cholinergic system in spatial cognition in rats
Klečáková, Kristýna ; Klement, Daniel (advisor) ; Randáková, Alena (referee)
The studies concentrated on spatial orientation are very popular in these days. Based on its results we can determine relations between cognitive behaviour and neural structures to find out principle of various deficits observed within neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson, schizophrenia,…), with usage of animal models. Large amount of experiments are focus on potential pharmacological substances that could revert damages of these diseases. Such experiments use special mazes where spatial tasks take place. Many different modifications of these arenas allow us to observe different types of used spatial orientation and associated processes (memory, attention, learning abilities...). Big progress for research of this field was also invention of microdialysis, that allow us to get information from extracellular brain space during task performance. Key words: cholinergic system, spatial orientation, cognitive map, place cells, nicotinic receptor, muscarinic receptor, Alzheimer's disease, baso-cortical pathways
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
The role of cholinergic system in spatial cognition in rats
Klečáková, Kristýna ; Klement, Daniel (advisor) ; Randáková, Alena (referee)
The studies concentrated on spatial orientation are very popular in these days. Based on its results we can determine relations between cognitive behaviour and neural structures to find out principle of various deficits observed within neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson, schizophrenia,…), with usage of animal models. Large amount of experiments are focus on potential pharmacological substances that could revert damages of these diseases. Such experiments use special mazes where spatial tasks take place. Many different modifications of these arenas allow us to observe different types of used spatial orientation and associated processes (memory, attention, learning abilities...). Big progress for research of this field was also invention of microdialysis, that allow us to get information from extracellular brain space during task performance. Key words: cholinergic system, spatial orientation, cognitive map, place cells, nicotinic receptor, muscarinic receptor, Alzheimer's disease, baso-cortical pathways
|
|
|
Existence of alternative strategies and effect of habituation in the solution of the Place Avoidance Task
Okruhlicová, Šárka ; Klement, Daniel (advisor) ; Nedvídek, Jan (referee)
Active allothetic avoidance task (AAPA) could be a useful tool to study cognitive deficit of schizofrenia. In this task two different reference frames are created. The subject should distinguish which oriental frame is relevant for navigation and is proper for the solution of the task. This ability is called cognitive coordination. It is proved that the process of cognitive coordination is impaired in schizophrenic individuals, which comes to light in a Stroop test. Schizophrenia-like behavior can be modelled on the rats by a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist dizocipline (MK-801). The aim of these thesis was to study the existence of alternative strategies and the influence of different habituation on the performance of rats within AAPA. Furthermore, we have been studying the influence of MK-801 at a dose of 0.15mg / kg on the cognitive coordination in this task. We have found that the rats are able to learn AAPA task after pre-training without distal orientation cues, using relatively efficient alternative strategies. In these alternative strategies the idiothetic navigation is applied. The performance of rats in AAPA task is influenced by different conditions during habituation. We have proved that MK-801 at this dosage has no effect on cognitive performance of the rats in AAPA task, but...
|
|
|
Functional cognitive mapping of temporopolar regions in temporal lobe epilepsy patiens
Amlerová, Jana ; Marusič, Petr (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee) ; Klement, Daniel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize basic knowledge and bring some new data about the temporal pole function in temporal lobe epilepsy patients focusing on the less explored domains -famous face identification, emotion recognition, social cognition and spatial navigation. These functions are not routinely tested in standard neuropsychological assessment however the impairment of these functions may lead to severe dysfunctions in everyday life of the temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
guest ::
RSS feed.