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Federalization and ethnic composition of Bosnia and Herzegovina as factors in relations with the EU
Šlechta, Jakub ; Knutelská, Viera (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to evaluate the influence of the political system and ethnic heterogeneity of Bosnia and Hercegovina on its relationship with the EU. The thesis uses the concept of political conditionality and examines its functioning in the case of Bosnia and Hercegovina. The relevant historical context, as well as the longtime development of relationship with the EU, is analyzed within the thesis. The primary focus is placed on the analyses of the ongoing Stabilisation and association process and EU membership perspective. Given the time perspective, the main emphasis is placed on the period from 2000 to the present. The thesis is a case study. The first goal of the thesis is to asses the influence of political actions of the key political actors of particular constitutive nations on the relation between Bosnia and Hercegovina and the EU. The second one is to asses whether the presented conditions for conditionality functioning are met in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Last but not least, the thesis deals with the individual aspirations of the constitutive nations.
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Changes in security policy EU
Wilde, Boris ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
European Agenda on security for the years 2015 - 2020 represents an important strategical and conceptual document. The EU is trying to capture the new and complex nature of current security threats. The purpose of this work is to evaluate if and to what extent is the EU successful in fulfilling the goals that stem from this document. The fields chosen for the purposes of this work are the fight against terrorism and fight against organized crime. Those represent two out of three main priorities of the programme. The reason for choosing these priorities is that currently they share a lot of common traits which often overlap. The goal considered for the purposes of this work in the field of fight against terrorism is the ability to prevent terrorist attacks from happening. Secondly, in the field of fight against organised crime the goal is to restrict the materialistic and geografical influence of organised criminal groups operatin in the EU. Third common goal is the creation of the so called security union. This goal reflects the EU efforts to become a relevant actor in the field of security and to give the member state a certain surplus value in this field of work. The work aims to contribute to a critical discussion concerning the real contributions of this and similiar political documents.
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The immigration policies of EU member states: adaptation in relation to the refugee crisis
Anand, Riddhi ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The thesis is aimed at studying the policies of EU member states in response to the refugee crisis that affected Europe in 2015. The work aims to establish the links between an increase in the number of immigrants and asylum seekers to a change in perception towards the phenomena making the domestic EU populations more sceptical about accepting more immigrants and asylum seekers. This negative inclination towards immigrants is further correlated to an alteration in laws and policies to limit immigration. The work studied the cases of Germany, Sweden, Italy and the Czech Republic and found that the formulated hypotheses are correct and that indeed an increase in the number of immigrants and asylum seekers on EU territory leads to higher concern among the domestic populations leading to a negative public opinion which is then reflected in laws and policies aimed at limiting the movement of foreigners into their territories.
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International Regimes against Trafficking in Human Beings: European Experience
Prixová, Barbora ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The target of this research is to reveal causal factors that influence the way policy goals and instruments of international organizations in the domain of human trafficking are designed. By tracking evolutions of anti-trafficking policies undergone by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the thesis demonstrates impact of specific factors on changes in the functioning of international organizations. To unravel mechanism explaining the internal workings of a policy formation within an IO, the thesis considers and tests theoretical assumptions of three rivalling theories on institutions; the realism, historical institutionalism and neoliberal institutionalism. Premises of respective theories, which offer contrasting perspectives on the functioning of international organizations, will help to formulate corresponding independent variables. The dependant variable being the changing design of institutions, the detailed cross-case analysis spanning a period of one decade uncovers causal relations between independent dependent variables. Thus, by means of time series data collection, patterns revealing which of independent variables can be designed as responsible for observed changes becomes visible. In this way, the study is able to answer to what extent...
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The Limits of the EU's Political Conditionality Approach in the Western Balkans
Křiklánová, Michaela ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
The thesis aims to unravel the relationship between the EU's enlargement strategies and democratization in the Western Balkan countries by looking on the impact of the strategies on changing democracy levels in two empirical cases: the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia. Over more than a decade, the effect of the conditionality tool on democratization has been curbed by an insufficient emphasis placed on pro-democratic reforms and by the role of security concerns which were often prioritized over aims directly linked to democracy promotion. Grounded in the conflicting objectives theory, the thesis demonstrates that the recently employed strategy appropriately sequencing goals while prioritizing democratic transition over security concerns is more effective in inflicting domestic democratic change. Subsequently, the following necessary and sufficient conditions for a successful sequencing strategy were defined: strong emphasis on democracy-related goals combined with clearly outlined temporal perspective, and corresponding action of international actors.
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Explaining the UN Security Council's Selective Involvement in African Conflicts
Urbánek, Daniel ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Daniel, Jan (referee)
The debate over possible selective involvement of the United Nations Security Council in armed conflicts is currently re-emerging both in the academic discussions and in the sphere of practical politics. This thesis aims at explaining the possible reasoning behind this selectivity - often exemplified by the contrasting participation of the United Nations in the crises of Libya and Syria - through a qualitative case study focusing on African intrastate wars. Two possible factors, influencing the Council's decision making, are based on classical theories of International Relations - while realism stresses the interests of the five permanent members of the Council, constructivism puts an emphasis on the normative goals of the organization, therefore on the role of the crisis' severity. The impact of these variables is subsequently assessed within the civil wars in Algeria, Burundi, Djibouti and Guinea-Bissau, with an attempt to depict the relationship between the discussed explanatory factors and the eventual activity of the Security Council.
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Quantum Theory of International Relations: Modeling Strategic Interaction with Quantum Probability Theory
Tesař, Jakub ; Drulák, Petr (advisor) ; Tyc, Tomáš (referee) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
Recent results from cognitive psychology suggest that human behavior can be, in some situations, better described by laws known from physical quantum theory. This work responds to this development and seeks to answer the question of how quantum models of cognition and decision-making can contribute to our understanding of the social world. We introduce the approaches to the application of quantum theory in social sciences - quantum consciousness, quantum reasoning and quantum metaphor and further develop the second, in the context of strategic interaction in game theory. We show that the quantum model corresponds to both the psychological intuition and many empirically known anomalies such as the order effect, disjunction effect, or context effect. In this work, we derive a specific model of strategic interaction between two players, and we test it in the experimental Prisoner's Dilemma game. The model is based on the rational choice theory, which is nevertheless re-defined when it is shown how the strategic choice is changed if the quantum probability (C*-algebra) is used as the underlying theory instead of classical probability (σ-algebra). The results obtained support the quantum model and showed a different representation of the game among various groups of players. The quantum model of...
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International regime of climate protection in the light of commitments of selected Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
Štěpánek, Přemysl ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Braun, Mats Rickard (referee) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
1 Název práce: Mezinárodní režim ochrany klimatu ve světle závazků vybraných smluvních stran Rámcové úmluvy OSN o změně klimatu Autor práce: PhDr. Ing. Přemysl Štěpánek Školitel: Doc. PhDr. Jan Karlas, M.A., Ph.D. Pracoviště: Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií, Katedra mezinárodních vztahů. Rok obhajoby: 2018 Abstract To complement the current research on countries' action in relation to global public goods, this dissertation examines the strength of UNFCCC Parties' emission commitments and the influence of selected factors derived from rationalism and constructivism on the strength of these commitments in two different contexts, under the Copenhagen Accord (2009) and the Paris Agreement (2015). Using a multiple linear regression analysis on the sample of 27 and 54 cases in the first and the second period, respectively, and as well as through case studies on three important UNFCCC Parties with a strong commitment and variance in values of the independent variables (the European Union, the Russian Federation, South Africa), the conclusions are as follows. The regression analysis in both contexts showed, in line with the assumptions, the positive influence of two factors on the strength of commitments, namely the share of alternative and nuclear energy and economic...
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EU effects on migration policy
Wittke, Felina Katharina ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The 2015 refugee crisis clearly highlighted that the European asylum system is flawed and triggered a heated discussion on the functioning and appropriateness of the Dublin Regulation. The present research tries to account for differences in the implementation of the Dublin regime from its coming into force in 1997 until today, by testing the three possibly influencing factors 'misfit', administrative capacity and overall situation for Germany, Hungary and Italy. The comparative case study first ascertains that Germany implements the obligations to a medium to high degree, while Hungary presents a low and Italy a medium-low implementation record. The analysis of the single variables shows that the higher the compatibility between the national and the European asylum system at the moment of adhering to the Dublin system, the more diligently a country implements it. While no clear claims can be made if and how the administrative capacity of a state affects implementation, the economic situation does have an impact in the sense that a stronger overall state of the economy appears to have positive effects on implementation. The research is part of the general research framework of Europeanization and contributes to the scholarship on implementation. By shedding light on the factors leading to...
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Analysis of the relationship between Taiwan and the Chinese People's Republic from the mid-1980s to the present
Raida, Daniel ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to explain the dynamic of Taiwanese foreign policy in relation to the Peoples Republic of China since the late 1980s to the present by using three theoretical traditions of international relations. To that end, several hypotheses will be formulated after analysing these traditions (realist, liberal and constructivist) and then applied on the subject of this research. The dependent variable was identified as the conflictive attitude of Taiwanese foreign policy in a given time period. In terms of methodology this is a case study. This research is divided into four chapters the first of which analyses the above mentioned theoretical traditional. The second part briefly describes the historical context necessary to understand the problematic nature of Taiwanese national identity. The third chapter analyses Taiwanese foreign policy in relation to China during time periods representing the terms of office of three democratic presidents of Taiwan. The last fourth chapter is to the analysis of independent variables and the evaluation of hypotheses. This research showed that of the tested theories neither one is able to explain the development of Taiwanese foreign policy in the examined period. The analysis however suggested that there might be a correlation between the ideology...
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