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Classical Japanese Literature Motifs in Traditional Japanese Confectionery
Konůpková, Eliška ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
This thesis will examine motifs appearing in Kokinwakashū, a collection of classical poetry from the beginning of the Heian period (the beginning of the 10th century) consisting of 1111 poems, and motifs appearing in contemporary traditional Japanese confectionery, specifically the type made with the purpose to be served during a tea ceremony. This thesis is based on Jan Mukařovský's structuralistic theory of motifs in poetic works. The main focus is set on the first six books of Kokinwakashū and the way its poems use motifs for expressing different seasons, their frequency and combinations with each other, following the cultural background of each motif and also the nuances of its meanings in the Kokinwakashū. The focus will be the same in contemporary traditional Japanese confectionery, while I provide a comparison of these two artistic media separated by approximately 1100 years. This thesis aims to examine the influence of Kokinwakashū motifs, poetic names, and the concept of seasons and its expression in contemporary traditional Japanese sweets while searching for sweets that directly took inspiration from poems appearing in Kokinwakashū.
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Social rebellion in the work of authors of buraiha
Grimmová, Jana ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
This thesis deals with unofficial Japanese post-war literary group called buraiha. The purpose of this work is to detect whether creation of this group ex post is justified. The theoretical part serves to characterise buraiha, introduce main authors and to define antisocial behaviour which I find to be the main attribute of the group. In the empirical part I then attempt to analyse works of individual authors. Key words: Japan, literature, social rebellion, antisocial behaviour, rebels
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Come and kuru: A contrastive analysis of selected verbal constructions in English and Japanese
Sedláček, Martin ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The present BA thesis examines selected English and Japanese constructions consisting of the elementary motion verbs come and kuru, namely the polysemous Japanese construction V-te kuru and its English equivalents come to INF and come V-ing. The thesis adopts the construction grammar approach and interprets the constructions as form-meaning pairings (Goldberg, 1995). This approach allows us to isolate the given construction and search for it in corpus. Since this is not a quantitative but qualitative analysis, the corpus query is not used to mine large quantities of data, but to provide authentic language material. The retrieved data is subsequently interpreted and contrasted, the hypothesis being that there is a substantial convergence between the two languages in the usage of the respective constructions. Following the introduction of the topic and the motivation for the present research (Chapter 1), Chapter 2 outlines the theoretical framework of the present thesis (construction grammar). Chapter 2 also defines the two verbs in question (come and kuru), provides an overview of the research into the selected constructions, and presents the research questions and hypothesis. In Chapter 3 I introduce the methodology of the present thesis (qualitative analysis of the most frequent collocates for...
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Study abroad and pragmatic competence - the case of speech act of refusal
Pastorová, Patricie ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Lutovská, Tereza (referee)
The present thesis explores the connection between study abroad and the development of pragmatic competence of second language (L2) students of Japanese with a focus on the speech act of refusal. The aim of this study is to compare these students based on their language proficiency and length of stay in Japan; to find out whether participation in extracurricular activities (such as having a part-time job, being part of a school club, etc.) is beneficial for the development of pragmatic competence; and finally to examine tendencies of speakers of the same first language. The theoretical part of the present thesis describes pragmatics, pragmatic competence, the speech act of refusal, the context of Japanese culture and the language socialisation perspective (especially study abroad context). The practical part of this study defines research questions and hypotheses, presents the process of obtaining data for original research (multiple-choice test) and compares and analyses the results obtained. In the final part, the obtained research results are summarised. key words: pragmatics, study abroad, second language learning, Japanese as a second language, language acquisition, pragmatic competence, speech act of refusal
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Function of Language in Cultural Identity Consolidation and Image Formation of Japanese--Nature Relationship
Kéryová, Barbora ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the theme of nature as used in Japanese political discourse. The goal of this paper is to highlight the use of language by Japanese political elite of the governing Liberal-democratic party with the purpose of creating a certain image of the relationship between Japanese people and nature. At the same time, it aims to clarify the role of the language in cultural identity formation process. The objective is to identify and describe the language means of realisation that have a potential to fulfil this role in the analysed texts. The paper analyses three particular texts using a methodology of critical discourse analysis. It especially draws upon methodology of Ruth Wodak, who created categories of strategies used by political elites for national identity (trans)formation. Key Words: language and power, cultural identity, national identity, pragmatics, Japanese, nature, political discourse, critical discourse analysis
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Spatial expressions as a indication of understanding of one's individuality
Kocourek, Vojtěch ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to contribute to a long-lasting debate between proponents of the collectivistic view and proponents of the individualistic view regarding the way in which the Japanese comprehend themselves by analyzing and contrasting language behavior of Japanese and Czech speakers, specifically willingness of the speakers of the two languages to adopt non- egocentric view when expressing spatial relations. The opening section of the thesis presents a brief introduction of the two discussed stands and the theory of language relativity which serves as a substantial part of the used methodology because it connects language and thinking. In the following section, the model experiment done by Imai et al. (1999) which examined the preferences in the use of spatial expressions among Japanese respondents, is summarized. The used variation of the experiment is explained, and the results are presented and interpreted in the given context. Keywords: Japanese language, spatial relations, collectivism, individualism, linguistic relativity
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Orthographic variability of auxiliary nouns in contemporary Japanese
Knapp, Daniel ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with orthographical variability of Japanese auxiliary nouns. In the theoretical part, there is a definition of used terms and methods related to the following analytical section, where various ways of writing Japanese auxiliary nous in BCCWJ corpus subcorpora are compared. After analysis identifies subcorpora of interest, sentences containing auxiliary nouns in said subcorpora are checked for similarities in meaning. Keywords Japanese language, auxiliary nouns, orthography, way of writing, variability
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The pragmatic competency of students of Japanese - speech act of refusal
Nováková, Eliška ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
(in English): This thesis focuses on pragmatic competence of Czech students of Japanese, specifically on the speech act of refusal. The aim is to find out how students differ in comparison to native speakers of Japanese. Another aim is to compare Japanese students based on the length of their stay in Japan, their Japanese proficiency, and the textbook used at the beginner level. The theoretical part describes pragmatic competence, politeness theory, the speech act of refusal and its specifics in Japanese. The practical part focuses at the analysis of refusals from the Discourse Completion Task (DCT) using semantic formulas. Usage of these formulas by native speakers and student are then compared. Found differences from the native speakers are further examined among students according to Japanese proficiency, length of their stay in Japan and textbook used at the begginer level. Finally, the results are summarized.
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Speakers' understanding of the meaning of names of body parts in Czech and Japanese idioms
Velká, Tereza ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is comparison of speakers' understanding of meaning of names of body parts head, eye, ear, nose, mouth and heart in Czech and Japanese language. To achieve this goal a list of idioms consisting of mentioned body parts in both languages is created. Speakers sort the idioms into arbitrary categories based on their understaing of meaning of name of body part. Resulting data is processed by multidimensional scaling and evaluated afterwards. The first bigger chapter is dedicated to introduction of idiomatics and phraseology in Europe and Japan in order to compare understanding of idioms and their classification. The second bigger chapter introduces a base for approaches to idioms, following by focus on somatic idioms. Two different approaches are introduced. The method of introspection is represented by a theory of coneptual profiles by I. Vaňková and by an idealized cognitive model of act by Arizono T. The corpus approach is represented by F. Čermák, Hashimoto Ch. et al. and by Lin W. The introduction of practical part follows. The first part is dedicated to the method of multidimensional scaling. After that the survey realization and its evaluation is described. The overall evaluation of results in terms of the aim of this thesis is placed in conclusion. Keywords: Japanese...
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Transitivity in Japanese and Ainu langauge
Chudá, Klára ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Sato, Tomomi (referee)
(in English): The aim of the present thesis is to present a structured survey of transitivity manifestation and contrast it in Japanese and Ainu languages. The introduction of the thesis presents a basic typological classification of the two languages. The first part focuses on the theoretical background adopted, such as the basic approach to transitivity, the construction grammar, the markedness hypothesis or the Ikegami's typology of languages. The second part of the thesis provides a structured description of the manifestation of transitivity in the two languages, focusing on derivation and changes in valency. The final part of the thesis provides a contrastive synthesis with reference to the markedness hypothesis and Ikegami's typology of languages. Key words: Japanese language, Ainu language, transitivity, contrastive study
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