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La Familia: Analýza rodiny ve vybraných dílech mexicko-americké literatury
Villatoro Sládková, Magdalena ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Prajznerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
This dissertation reassumes the research and literary analysis conducted in my Master's thesis "Family Ideal and Real: The Change of the Image of the Family in Selected Works of Mexican American Authors" and extends its scope. As an interdisciplinary work, it examines the connections between history, sociology, and literature. Family as one of the central values in the Mexican American community, started to be oficially celebrated as such during the Chicano Movement, in the 1960s and 70s. However, the family was viewed as warm and nurturing by some people, and as strict and rigid by others, and this dichotomy is represented also in literature. After opening the dissertation with a discussion of Charles Taylor's and Will Kymlicka's view of multiculturalism, I move on to the analysis of the Mexican American family and address several statistics, which describe and analyze the position of Mexican American minority in society and also the Mexican American family, focusing especially on the common stereotypes and supporting them or refuting them with research studies on the specific topics. The literary section of the dissertation analyzes three segments of Mexican American literature: literature by Chicana authors, autobiographical narratives, and children's literature; and assesses the representation...
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The image of Indian culture in Peru in early chronicles
Hanzlíková, Inka ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to fully understand and interpret the early texts focused on the culture of the Inca Empire and the image of an Indian in the Spanish colony - Peru, as well as establishing the main reasons of publishing work of each of the selected authors and introducing their basic opinions and views on the native culture of the Ands' area. The research is focused on the Inca Empire and each data is divided into thematic groups. Apart from the basic data, the thoroughly studied materials give us details on many details of the society and culture. The subjects of the analysis were the ten main sources of Spanish conquista, whose authors are: Antonio de Hererra, Pedro Pizarro Méndez, Cristóbal de Mena, Francisco de Xeréz, José de Acosta, Pedro Cieza de León, Juan de Betanzos, Bartolomé de Las Casas, Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa a Martín de Murúa.
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Problem of Social Discrimination in Present-Day Peru
Durand Cuba, Miguel Angel ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee)
The main objective of this work was to analyze the social discrimination in Peru from historical social perspective. The work is divided into two main parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part we dealt with the analysis of various concepts that have been formulated by leading international organizations. In the practical part we analyze discrimination in the media such as television and in addition, we are also dedicated to social discrimination against residents of Lima is perceived today. KEY WORDS: discrimination, racism, ethnicity, domination, Peruvian society, mestizo
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Material culture as a vehicle of social - political organization: Chimú pottery
Květinová, Sylvie ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Vrhel, František (referee) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The Chimu culture developed on the North Pacific coast of today's Peru in the so-called Late Intermediate Period, i.e. approximately AD 1000 - 1476, after which it was dominated by the Inca. Brief characterization of the Chimu culture, supported by ethnohistorical and archaeological sources, is followed by description of its crafts, especially ceramic technology, morphology and iconography. Artifacts, i.e. object used, modified or made by people, may serve apart from practical also social and symbolic roles. Based on the theoretical background of evolution of power and society, different approaches to the study of artifacts' function, specialization, exchange and social complexity are outlined and tested on the Chimu pottery assemblage from the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the 1832 available ceramic vessels, lacking the contextual find information, had to focus solely on the formal aspects of the specimens. Interpretation of the obtained results disproves primary position of pottery as means of social - political organization in the Chimu and Chimu-Inca societies (occupied by fine textiles and metal items), but still points out certain non-utilitarian aspects of both Chimu and Chimu - Inca styled pottery which probably represented a secondary socio -...
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Native cultures of America in the exposition of the Náprstek Museum
Staňková, Markéta ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee)
The thesis analyses the way in which American Indian cultures are presented to the public in the exposition of Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures. It maps the history of the museum's founding as well as the first Czech ethnographic collections. Its second part focuses on the exposition of North and South America cultures, explaining the origin of exhibits and putting them into the context of our knowledge of indigenous cultures. Finally the thesis evaluates the museum's exposition and offers proposals for change.
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The progress of the tourism in Cuba in the 20th and the 21st century
Valchářová, Eva ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of tourism on the island of Cuba from the beginning of the 20th century till the present time based on the travel books written by travellers who come mainly from the United States of America. Next, it analyzes tourism during the 20th century. It monitors Cuban tourism from the historic point of view, where it records the period of communist government, racism and similar problems till the present time. It mentions another, however not so representative part of tourism, sex tourism. It is trying to stress the positive aspects of places that represent the tourism in Cuba.
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Latin-American immigration to Spain during the last twenty years
Řeháčková, Linda ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis refers to Latin-American immigration to Spain during the last twenty years (1990 - 2010). This thesis is divided in two main parts. The first part is devoted to a general overview and also to the most important aspects related to the emigration of Latin Americans into Spain. The individual chapters are focused on the following topics: discussion and development of research of immigration in Spain, the roots of Latin American emigration, Spain as the destination of emigrants, migration policy of Spain, the composition of the Latin American population living in Spain, the integration of Latin American immigrants in Spanish labour market and Latin American gangs in Spain. The second part of this thesis is dedicated to a research focusing on the coexistence of Spanish and Latin Americans in the Iberian Peninsula. Based on the survey the following aspects are examined: the reasons of Latin Americans leading to emigration to Spain, experience of Latin American emigrants with attitude of Spanish people towards them, attitude of Spanish towards immigrants and last but not least the integration of Latin American immigrants into the Spanish society. My thesis is based on available materials concerning the issue, i.e. existing studies focusing on immigration at the present time, and statistical...
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Comparation of models of migration: Mexico and Czech Republic
Zrůstová, Lucie ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee)
This work aims to compare two models of migration, on the one hand, Czech migration to the capital city of Mexico on the other hand, Mexican migration to the capital city of Czech Republic. This text looks at migration as a cultural-social act, with its main protagonists, individual migrants. Therefore this work is not demographic, but anthropological based on qualitative research. With the background of basic sources it offers the monitoring of behavior of two groups of migrants, especially in their adaptation process. The basic research question then is: What is the process of cultural adaptation of the Czechs in Mexico, DF and Mexicans in Prague? To what extent are these models similar or different? Finding answers to this question necessarily leads to other topics, reply to completion, which are: How strong are the tendencies of development of ethnic communities? How respondents experienced the process of adaptation and changes of their identity? What strategies of living in the destination country they occupied? To what extent they communicate with compatriots and embassies? This paper provides both theoretical basis, which defines the terms of migration, cultural adaptation and identity, and practical sections, which through examples of qualitative research describe the process of cultural adaptation...
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Control Machete: contemporary Mexican music in its social context
Straková, Zita ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
This thesis introduces an analysis of production of the music group Control Machete which belonged to a broader music stream called A vanzada Regia in the nineties of the twentieth century in the city of Monterrey. The production of Control Machete reflects two music genres: rock and hiphop. First chapter summarizes the historical development of rock in Mexico; the differences in comparison to the historic situation in the us are indicated as the genre was overtaken from the us cultural scene. Rock history of both countries is drawn from the social and political point of view. Second chapter contains a historical overview as well: it summarizes the specific features of the style, its relation to the social environment and its historical transformations. Last chapter contains the analysis of the verbal production of Control Machete: reflected influences are studied as well as the expressed social conditions of the production.
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Formation of the Unites States foreign policy towards Latin America 1848-1898: before the eagle flew out of the nes
Vytečka, Aleš ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Baďura, Bohumil (referee) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
Foreign policy is an outer side of the nation's life, and this applies even more to the foreign policy of the United States. Historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. sums up this statement in his excellent book The Cycles of American History writing: "The foreign policy is the face a nation wears to the world."1 Tremendous growth of the United States during the 19th century set up conditions, which helped to the 'Colossus of the North' to assume during the 20th century a role of the most important world power. Especially because of the result of the Cold War and the recent course of international events, political scientists are comparing present position of the United States with the Roman or British Empire in a peak of their power.2 One of the most interesting aspects of a study of American history is its uninterrupted continuity and 'logic,' which consequently brings forward strong appeal to our presence. By continuity I mean creation of a national identity or a 'common identity' of the American nation. A line between the past and the present in case of the United States is very strong.3 If we accept the statement of Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., then the face of the American nation obtained mature features during the second half of the 19th century. The process of framing of principal characteristics and...
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