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Application the broken window fallacy on the terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001 in the United States of America
Weiss, Daniel ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001 in the United States of America. The goal is to analyze the selected economic impacts of the terrorist attacks and apply broken window fallacy on this disaster. The method of the study is comparison and analysis of macroeconomic impacts. Research confirms quarterly decrease in GDP, increase in unemployment rate and larger deficit in federal budget. The correlation between these attacks and subprime mortgage crisis is proved in this study. Last but not least negative impacts on aviation industry, financial markets, which led to drop in gross private domestic investment, insurance industry and on the whole tourism in the USA, especially decline in arrival tourists are examined. According to negative impacts that terrorist attacks had on economy of the United States of America, my hypothesis confirms the existence of the broken window fallacy.
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Development of the Czechoslovak banking system in years years 1945 - 1958
Hrubý, Vít ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis is an inquiry into an evolution of the banking system in Czechoslovakia in-between 1945 - 1958. At first, it defines theoretical outcomes of free-market banking system and conception of banking system in a model of central-planned economy. Moreover, it discusses the history of banking during the period of 1918 - 1945. In the analytical part, it deals with the situation of banking system right after the WW2 and analyzes changes set by Benes`s Decrees in 1945 and concentrating of banking industry. In 1948, Communist party of Czechoslovakia became leading power by political revolution, The National Bank of Czechoslovakia was nationalized and relatively fast transformation of free-market economy to central-planned one began. In 1950, The State Bank of Czechoslovakia, which functionality was of central as well as of commercial bank, was established. In 1958, when The State Bank of Czechoslovakia also acquire the function of investment bank, became full-feathered monobank.
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Selected measures of economic policy of presidents Ford and Carter in the context of the oil shocks
Košut, Jaroslav ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The 1970s are well known mostly thanks to the events of the first and second oil shock, which changed the economic landscape in the US and in the world for years to come. The theoretical section of this thesis is devoted to the situation before and during the oil shocks: their origins and circumstances, political developments as they progressed and their effects on the oil market. The analytical section examines economic policies of United States presidents Gerald Ford and James Carter and points out successes or failures of their various measures. It describes the course of events concerning economic growth, inflation and unemployment over the course of the 1970s and addresses the causes of their developments in each year. The work is concluded with a comparison of the selected economic aggregates and claims that economic policy of President Carter dealt with the impact of the oil shock more successfully than economic policy of President Ford.
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Monetary Policy of the United States 1933 - 1940
Belan, Tomáš ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the monetary policy of the Federal Reserve System and the Treasury between 1933 and 1940. The work analyses the influence of the monetary policy on the U.S. economy and tries to answer the question whether it is feasible to blame the monetary policy for the slow economic recovery of the Great Depression. The principal part of the work is divided into three periods - the age of the New Deal with the emphasis on legal changes with impact on the policy of Fed, followed by a chapter dedicated to the recession of 1937-38 and finally a period from 1938 to the entry into the World War II. The results of the work imply that the monetary policy did not belong to countercyclical factors retarding the recovery of the economy after the crisis and mainly for the sake of the policy of the Treasury it was rather procyclical.
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The comparison of standards of living of village and city inhabitants in the region of Liberec between 1945 and 1989
Kopecká, Pavlína ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the development of differences in standards of living between years 1945 to 1989 in North Bohemian border region and in city of Liberec and Hejnice. It captures social, economic and political change of the border region after the transfer of the German population, through the start of the communist regime, the invasion of the Soviet army with its allies and normalisation to the Velvet revolution. Based on the comparative method, both cities are first analysed from the perspective of chosen standards of living and then compared. According to gathered information for this thesis, it claims that the standards of living were slightly higher in Liberec than for the inhabitants of Hejnice. The chosen differences were however not that significant.
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Dot-com bubble - a factor in economic success of the USA in the 1990s?
Zajíc, Jiří ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
This thesis deals with the impacts of information and communication technology investment surge on USA economic growth in the 1990s. Besides others, rapid development of these technologies also led to the creation of a stock market bubble, which affected the expansion phase of the economic cycle. Its burst in 2000-2001 resulted in economic slow-down and end of the longest recorded economic expansion in the history of the United States. Main part of the thesis discusses the benefits of information technology for economy and further evaluates the role of the speculative bubble in the development of consumption and investment expenditures. The thesis results suggest that the increase in capital intensity and sharp stock market price inflation significantly accelerated the dynamics of the economic growth in the second half of the described cycle.
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Role amerického dolaru jako světové měny ve druhé polovině dvacátého století
Pavelec, Boris ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This thesis maps the role of the U.S. dollar as an international currency with a main focus on the second half of the 20th century and the role of dollar in the world economy. The thesis spans from the end of the Second World War to the eve of the last global financial crisis. The thesis documents, how dollar became the leading international currency during the Bretton Woods system era. Although the inner conflicts led to breakup of the system, dollar remained the most important currency. Despite many attempts, a successful reform of the international monetary system never happened since then. In the last 30 years, the uncoordinated U.S. monetary policy led to rapid growth of imbalances in the world economy and consequently to the 2007/08 Financial crisis. The thesis shows that the viable reform can build on the original plan of John M. Keynes, which prepared for the Bretton Woods conference.
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Poverty during Great Society - American victory in a war on their home soil?
Peterka, Šimon ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the program of War on Poverty declared by president Lyndon Baines Johnson as part of his vision of the Great Society in the sixties in the United States. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the estabilished programs to fight poverty and evaluate their impact on the poor and nonpoor parts of the American society. Absolute poverty in the United States demostrably fell during Johnson's presidency but relative poverty remained largely unaffected. Absolute poverty indicators could have also been affected by economic growth. Several demographical groups undoubtedly profited from Johnson's programs, though, and many programs remain popular to this day.
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The Munich Agreement and United States of America
Lukeš, Jakub ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
In my diploma thesis, I provide an analysis of the Munich Agreement and the Czechoslovak crisis from the perspective of the United States of America. My aim is to create comprehensive picture of bilateral relations between Czechoslovakia and the United States before and after the signing of the Munich Agreement. Thesis focuses on the diplomatic and economic relations between Czechoslovakia and United States in the period 1936 -- 1938/1939. The introductory part of the thesis is devoted to the phenomenon of isolationism and its influence in shaping the U.S. foreign policy. The main point of the analysis is the attitude of the American public to the Czechoslovak crisis and the Munich Agreement itself. The main hypothesis consists in the assertion that the United States played a major role in the Czechoslovak crisis that preceeded the signing of the Munich Agreement. I am seeking answers to these questions: How did the American public perceived the Czechoslovak crisis? What was the reaction of the U.S. government to the Czechoslovak crisis and the subsequent the Munich Agreement? How did president F. D. Roosevelt perceived the Czechoslovak crisis? In order to find answers to my questions I am using the issued and unissued sources, specialized literature and especially the contemporary press. The thesis has proved that the United States took part in the events that preceded the signing of the Munich Agreement.
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The role of the central bank during the transition in Czechoslovakia and the Czech republic and impact of its activities on economy
Bělíková, Lucie ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
The thesis analyzes the development of macroeconomic indicators and central bank monetary instruments. The introduction briefly describe the development of the economy of the socialist countries till 1989, the changes related with transition and transition itself. The main section is an analysis of the causes and nature of the economic recession and the causes of the banking crisis in the late 90s in the Czech Republic. I partially confirmed the hypothesis that in the case of the CNB was not made the right decisions on banking supervision and monetary policy of the central bank. The main causes of the economic downturn is considered too restrictive monetary policy of the central bank and insufficient flexibility of offer to domestic demand. Unlikely the crisis of the banking sector was caused due to lack of control of the Bank in the implementation of financial liberalization.
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