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Interlingvistical Homonymity in Verbs - Comparison of Czech and Serbian
Červenková, Anděla ; Jirásek, Karel (advisor) ; Vlainić, Sandra (referee)
The subject of this bachelor's thesis is verbal Czech/Serbian homonymity. The thesis focuses on verbal prefixes and their ability to change verb meaning in connection to interlanguage homonymity. The first part provides readers with a theoretical background needed for understanding this topic, namely lexicology and its domains. Further, emphasis is put on homonymity (and its genesis), polysemy and word formation. My research focuses particularly on prefixes in both languages and the comparison between their individual meanings. The same method is applied to the comparing of verbs that are prefixed by given prefixes. The meanings are entered into the Czech/Serbian dictionary which contains 101 homonym pairs and three homonym triplets.
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Similarity of Serbian and Slovak Language Concerning Substantives
Stojanovičová, Zorica ; Vlainić, Sandra (advisor) ; Jirásek, Karel (referee)
(English): In this bachelor thesis we were trying to compare Serbian and Slovak language in terms of vocabulary according to substantives. Due to extensiveness of the grammatical category of nouns we decided to define our thesis only on family and kinship terminology. In the process of comparing we were using translation and explanatory dictionaries as well as etymological dictionary which was the major indicator whether or not have these two languages the same origin. It turned out that the roots of both Indo-European languages date back to Proto-Slavic languages. While many of the old Serbian kinship names preserved until today, in Slovak we can observe the gradual disappearance. The reasons why they died out are a new way of life, moving from the place of the former residence what is resulting in limited meeting with friends and relatives. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part we write about the general terms relating to the family and relatives. The second part already deals with kinship terminology which we categorized into consanguinity (blood kinship), affinity and spiritual kinship.
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Contemporery Serbian phraseology in comparison with Czech
Altmanová, Kristýna ; Jirásek, Karel (advisor) ; Vlainić, Sandra (referee)
The thesis is about Serbian phraseology, specifically about a survey of knowledge and usage frequency of selected Serbian similes. It provides short summary of phraseographic history and development of phraseology and idiomatics on the territory of Czech Republic, Serbia and Croatia. It also gives theoretical description of phraseology and idiomatics and it focuses in great detail on similes. It deals with survey of knowledge and usage frequency of some Serbian similes based on questionnaires. It dedicates to an external factors that influence knowledge and usage of selected group of similes. A small Serbian-Czech dictionary with phrasemes from the questionnaire is included. Keywords: phraseology - similes - Serbian language - questionnaire
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The phraseological fund in the writings of Miro Gavran
Čauševič, Amra ; Jirásek, Karel (advisor) ; Vlašić, Marija (referee)
The thesis outlines the definition of phraseme, it being based on expert syntheses of Czech, Slovak and Croatian phraseology, and describes the types. This description is used as a clue to work with selected texts. The main part of the thesis is devoted to analysis in which selected prose and dramatic texts of Croatian writer Miro Gavran are analisedin. Idioms from the texts were first traced, sorted and then processed and exmined. The goal of the analysis was to observe the procedures which the author uses within his phraseological fund. It was ascertained that phraseological combination are more frequent in comedies and humorous texts. Furthermore, it was found that variants of auctorial phrasemes are created in similar practices.
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Dictionary of Croatian-Belarussian interlingual homonyms
Bialkovich, Veranika ; Nábělková, Mira (advisor) ; Jirásek, Karel (referee)
The thesis deals with interlingual lexical homonymy in the Croatian and Belarusian languages. The core of the thesis is a Croatian-Belarusian dictionary of homonyms. The preceding, theoretical part focuses first on the denomination of the linguistic phenomenon of interlingual homonymy and on the existing research in the sphere of homonymy among the Slavic languages. A following section of the thesis is devoted to the various types of intralingual and interlingual homonyms and to some differences in their classification. The thesis also looks at the ways in which interlingual homonyms originate, in relation to the origin of the lexical units that make pairs of homonyms. Two principal ways in which pairs of homonyms can originate are described: coincidental formal agreement and agreement as a result of common development or of the borrowing of the same foreign word. Depending on their origin, homonyms are divided into pairs representing the common Slavic lexical stock and pairs of foreign origin. The next part of the thesis presents the principles under which lexicographic material for the dictionary was collected, the lexicographic sources used in the process, and the structure of the dictionary entries. The dictionary of Croatian-Belarusian interlingual homonyms contains 1,048 entries, which represent all...
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The influence of literature on the process of standardising the Kajkavian language region
Jirásek, Karel ; Kvapil, Miroslav (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee) ; Vinkler, Jonatan (referee)
The dissertation looks at the influence that literary works have had on the process of the language standardisation of the Croatian Kajkavian language. At the same time it follows the formation of the standard Slovenian language in Slovenian literature. Despite the fact that Kajkavian dialects are neighbours to the Slovenian dialects and are closely related to them, the language standardisation of the Kajkavian and Slovenian languages took place independently of each other, influenced by different historical conditions, and is therefore two separate processes which, however, are subject to the same regularities. The introduction looks at the European context of the formation of literatures in national languages and the fundamental changes that occurred following the expansion of book-printing. In it the author describes the factors that had an impact on the genre composition and literary production in national languages. The expansion of book-printing also caused the need for creating and standardising languages incorporating several dialects over larger territories. In this part the beginnings of Croatian and Slovenian book-printing are discussed and also a comparison is made with the situation in the Czech lands and the German and Italian environment. The main part of the dissertation deals with two...
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The comparison of the Croatian and Serbian translations of the Czech and foreign literature
Janouškovcová, Eva ; Vlainić, Sandra (referee) ; Jirásek, Karel (advisor)
The thesis is dedicated to the comparison of the Croatian and Serbian belletristic language and its main aim is to show their contemporary status. The theoretical part of the thesis also contains the Serbo-Croatian issue including the historic discursus, the analysis of its break up causes and the self-regard standard language comparison in the particular surroundings. The thesis confronts the conclusions, which concern the correspondences and differences between the Croatian and Serbian standard language, with the language of the concrete prose texts. The analysed sample are texts that are included with the Czech, Croatian and Serbian versions of the parallel corpus INTERCORP. It can answer for an appropriate instrument to compare close languages which largely coincide with each other, and many differences between them consist rather in the frequency than existence or every single language phenomenon admissibility. However, an objective comparison of such close languages is difficult in another way for, concerning the high mutual understanding rate, the direct translations between them are not very common. The thesis summarises the examination of qualitative and quantitative differences between the language of the Croatian and Serbian texts and it seeks to impartially assess and compare the current...
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Bilingualism and language management in Czech minority in Croatia
Stranjik, Helena ; Jirásek, Karel (referee) ; Nábělková, Mira (advisor)
This thesis attends to the issue of a Czech minority in Croatia, local bilingualism and language management on various levels: from the level of an individual, over the level of the entire Czech minority living there and local government, up to the state level and its laws. In the first chapter I have summarized the history of Czech migration to the territory of today's Croatia, mainly during the 19th century, and their gradual organization after they found themselves located out of their home country when the Austria-Hungary dismembered. The second chapter describes current situation in the minority - its organizational structure, cultural life, school system and its information and publishing activities. The safeguard of its existence by law and constitution is also of importance. The third chapter dedicates to the language situation in the Czech minority in Croatia: Czech-croatian and Croatian-czech bilingualism, differentness in dialectological origin of the language, language as a system and factors that influence both, the language and its users. The chapter is supplemented by the examples of spoken and written discourse of Czech fellow countrymen. The last chapter describes the progression and results of a research that was performed in minor companies with mixed language employees in the town of...
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The usage of an InterCorp parallel corpus to obtain equivalents for a Croatian-Czech dictionary
Jirásek, Karel
In the year 2010, the parallel Croatian-Czech corpus, which is part of the InterCorp project, exceeded 10 million tokens in both language versions and therefore it was possible to proceed to its practical use in finding equivalents for the Croatian-Czech dictionaries being prepared. The indicated size of the corpus has proved to be quite adequate for building a medium size dictionary, which should contain approximately 20 thousand entries. In the case of frequent entries, due to the confrontation of two languages, this corpus size is often adequate to capture the polysemy of words better than some existing explanatory or bilingual dictionaries. This is a great advantage, especially for the creation of bilingual dictionaries of two closely related languages.
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