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Morphological Analysis of Folktales
Závodská, Barbora ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
(in English) The Bachelor thesis deals with a topic of morphological analysis of folktales. Its main concern is a morphology of folktales as developed by Russian folklorist V. J. Propp. My aim is to introduce a methodology of this analysis, its pros and cons as well as polemic between Propp and Lévi-Strauss. The thesis is also concerned with so called Finnish school of folkloristics and its methodology. The question of both indices and criticism of Finnish school posed by Propp and his successors is discussed as well.
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The Human Being in Riddles. Contribution to the linguistic Picture of the World in Czech
Boháčková, Linda ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
Riddles can refer to all spheres of human being. The thesis is based on contemporary theories and methods of cognitive linguistics and etnolinguistics: riddles can be seen as a specific semiotic system, which contains references to the certain way of understanding the world. The aim of this thesis is to define the linguistic picture of human being and human body in Czech folk riddles. The article of etnolinguist H. Kazancewa provides the methodical basis. Riddles can be classified: riddles about human ontogenesis are in the first group, rhyming riddles describing human body and its parts using neologisms are in the second group, riddles about organs and parts of the body are in the third group. Part of human body can be encoded on the basis of its appearance, or on the basis of its function, or both. Sets of organs in the second and in the third group differ. Head, hair, eyes, nose, mouth, hands (and arms) and legs appear in both groups - they have the central position in the linguistic picture of the human body in Czech. The second group of riddles encodes forhead, stomach, knees, feet and heels in addition. The third group of riddles encodes teeth, tongue, beard, fingers and ears in addition. Some parts of human body - back, buttocks, genitals - appear exceptionally or are missing. Riddles about...
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Contemporary legend and rumor in the Czech Republic. Origin, genesis and social and cultural function of domestic urban folklore in international context
Janeček, Petr ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Ulrychová, Marta (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Jana (referee)
(English) Ph.D. Thesis Contemporary Legend and Rumour in the Czech Republic. Origin, Genesis and Social and Cultural Function of Domestic Urban Folklore in International Context Petr Janeček Presented study analyzes character, origin, genesis and social and cultural functions of specific type of prosaic oral narratives transmitted in contemporary oral and non-oral tradition on territory of the Czech Republic. Main attention is given to realistic narratives with primary informative and entertaining function, which are usually presented by their tellers as at least potentially real story or information about actual, genuine happenings of both local and social importance, but whose variants, versions and editions simultaneously circulate over wider geographical and temporary horizon. Because of that, these narratives are labelled by international folkloristics as folklore genres of "contemporary legend" and "rumour". After overview and critical analysis of history of international studies of these two genre concepts, their terminology and genre (both formal and thematic) characteristics in international and Czech folkloristics are presented, as well as relationship of these genres to similar contemporary folklore forms, especially gossip, conspiracy theories, anecdotes and jokes, demonological...
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Study of the structure and of interaction with gas molecules of Rh-Sn and Rh-SnO2
Janeček, Petr ; Nehasil, Václav (advisor) ; Jirka, Ivan (referee) ; Bartoš, Igor (referee)
In this work we present the results of the analysis of the surface structures and absorption properties with respect to the CO and O2 molecules of the Sn/Rh and Rh/SnO2 model systems. In the part dedicated to the Sn structures on Rh surfaces with two different orientations - Rh(110) and Rh(111) - we have investigated the development of the core electron levels and valence band during the development of surface reconstructions and absorption of CO molecules. The surface reconstructions of the Sn/Rh(110) systems were studied for the first time. Difference in behaviour w.r.t. Sn/Rh(111) was observed and explanation offered. Finally, on in-situ prepared epitaxial SnO2 layers, the surface reconstruction (4×1) was observed. The CO adsorp- tion properties of Rh on polycrystalline and epitaxial SnO2 layers were also studied and difference in behaviour explained.
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Heathen Germanic Rituals
Fryje, Jakub ; Starý, Jiří (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
Dříve než se zde budeme zaobírat rituály pohanských Germánů, pozastavme se u vymezení pojmu "rituál". V knize Antropologie náboženství předkládá Fionna Bowie definici Bobbyho Alexandera, podle které je rituál představením či předvedením, naplánovaným nebo improvizovaným, kterým se realizuje přechod od každodenního života k alternativnímu kontextu, v jehož rámci je proměněn všední den. Ačkoli se tato definice pro účel našeho zkoumání hodí dobře, ještě více se přikláním k definici Émile Durkheima, pro kterého jsou rituály pravidla chování ukládající člověku, jak se má chovat v přítomnosti posvátného. Definice Bobbyho Alexandera dává důraz na představení, čímž v podstatě naznačuje, že je rituál skupinovou záležitostí. Skupinová účast při rituálu však platí například pro rituál náboženský, jak to popisoval již Durkheim, pro kterého je náboženství záležitostí celé komunity. Ovšem právě Durkheimova definice mluví o chování člověka, ne o prožitku celé pospolitosti. A to je důležité pro to, abychom pod rituály obecně mohli zahrnout nejen náboženské obřady, ale například i obřady, u kterých není zapotřebí skupinová účast, a které nemají náboženský charakter, jako například rituály magické.
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