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Lemkos in Poland. Identity construction
Keračík, Richard ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šatava, Leoš (referee)
Thesis Lemkos in Poland. Identity building addresses the current situation of this ethnic minority. It focuses on the context of the language and, in particular, on the level of the common identity of Lemkos. On the basis of an analysis of informants interviews across the age and regional spectrum of this group, the work provides the main general criteria for a lemko identity. The fundamental characteristics of a Lemko's identity are its language and the extent of its competence. Religion in the form of the Christianity of the Eastern Church, the consciousness of common origin and history, the identification as a common ethnic group the sense of belonging to a common historical territory and group self-stereotyping also play a role in the consolidation of identity. The work also provides a brief historical excursus of the researchers interest in Lemkos and discusses the previous work on Lemkos's identity. Key words Lemkos, Poland, ethnic group, identity construction
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Ethnolinguistic assimilation of the Hungarian minority in south Slovakia: case study of the Nitra area
Čeryová, Alexandra ; Šatava, Leoš (advisor) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
The study focuses on the assimilation tendencies of the Hungarian minority in south Slovakia in the rural area of Nitra, mainly observing the relationship of language and ethnicity, which form the minority identity in the framework of the modern Slovak national state. The work is based on the population census, according to which the number of Hungarian and Hungarian-speaking citizens in Slovakia is gradually declining. In this work, I try to support this fact with a case study from the emic perspective of Hungarians in Slovakia, who come from the area of the Podzoborie region Hungarian enclave. Thanks to its heterogenic composition and its proximity to a county city, the enclave offers valuable data in the research of assimilation and Slovak-Hungarian relationships. The main goal of the research was to name possible reasons and factors responsible for the degression of Hungarian self-identification and the knowledge of the Hungarian laguage in this area, which may be subsequently applied in the reasearch of language and identity of Slovak Hungarians in other parts of Slovakia. I work with the hypoteses that urbanisation, nationalism and exogamy influence rising assimilation of the minority and the demographic formation of said area. Key words: Hungarian minority, Slovakia, assimilation, language,...
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Importance and forms of bread in World War I in Czech lands
Římalová, Valentina ; Ferrarová, Eva (advisor) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
The bachelor thesis tries to characterize bread as a fundamental food in the context of human history and focuses on its role during the First World War (1914-1918) in the Czech lands. It describes its forms, methods of preparation and baking against the background of shortages and the escalating food crisis. It also deals with the development of the war economy, especially in terms of supplying the population. From this perspective, it also offers a comparison of life in the city in the countryside and at the front. It will outline the possible reasons that led to food shortages and also the solutions that were accepted during the war. Archival collection of recipes from wartime and contemporary cookbooks is used as a method of data collection. The thesis attempts to describe the role of bread during the war (1914-1918) in Czech everyday life and how bread gradually changed. At the same time, it will also answer the fundamental question of how, and if at all, bread can be replaced. To define its meaning. Whether even the drastic change in living conditions brought about by the First World War can lead to a change in the historically consolidated behaviour of society. Keywords: bread, everyday life, World War I, scarcity, value.
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Ethnic identification and food. The case of Czechs in Serbian Banat.
Kroužková, Tereza ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (advisor) ; Jakoubek, Marek (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the perception of "traditional" food as part of the identity of Czechs living in Serbian Banat. The thesis describes and documents the food that the respondents consider traditional for their culture. The thesis describes the cultural aspects of eating and emphasizes the food of the compatriots from the perspective of anthropology. Participant observation supplemented by polostructured and informal interviews is chosen as the method of data collection. The thesis will mainly focus on the subjective perception of traditional food among the local residents regardless of age and gender. The aim of the work is to create a comprehensive overview of the perception of traditional food of Czechs living in Serbian Banat. The work will also try to answer the question of what food means to the locals and what is the relationship between it and their identity. At the same time, it will open the question of how the idea of "traditional food" is constructed and what role food plays in "Czechness" in the regional communities. It will be based primarily on the socio-cultural aspect of food, which is not only a biological source of nutritional value for humans, but also a symbol (Fischler 1988) and a way of self-identification (Fox 2014).
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Contemporary reflection of the German expulsion after WWII in the region of Aš
Haken, Jan ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (advisor) ; Janeček, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the past of the West Bohemian town of Aš, specifically with the expulsion of Czech Germans from this region, the period of socialist dictatorship, and the events after 1989. It also examines the relationship of the local inhabitants to contemporary Germany and to the ethnic minorities that inhabit Aš. It attempts to provide insights into these themes through the interpretation of in-depth interviews with local narrators and explores how these contemporary and historical aspects have influenced the formation of the identity of contemporary residents as Czechs and residents of Aš. In addition, the thesis asks more general questions about the relationship of the local population to contemporary Germany, especially what positives and negatives the locals see in living its proximity. Keywords: identity, social and cultural groups, explusion of Czech Germans, Aš, socialism, postsocilism, minorities, border, 1989, collective memories
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Ecology in Diapers Return to cloth diapers as a step forward?
Stehlíková, Tereza ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kolářová, Marta (referee)
In my thesis, I have covered interviews with ten women - mothers who have decided to use for their babies a changing system of modern cloth diapers. For the topic I have used a qualitative sociological research strategy. The purpose of the received data from the interviews was to answer questions about motivations and reasons for the usage of this type of nappies and decide what benefits they see in them. As our society is used to disposable baby diapers and looks at them as a norm, I was interested in people's reactions, which these mothers have faced and how they have coped with. Finally, I have tried to find out the role of the internet and the social media in this matter. The theoretical part is devoted to the history of cloth and disposable diapers. There I have put into the context the issue of cloth diapers with the principles of sustainable development and responsible consumption. In the practical part I have carried out an analysis of ten semi-structured interviews with mothers who have been using cloth diapers for babies, along with examples of expressions of activities associated with cloth diapers in social media on the internet.
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Taking the veil and the temporary vows as a rite of passage observed in the Catholic religious orders of Discalced Carmelites and Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo
Moravcová, Anežka ; Janeček, Petr (advisor) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
The rite of taking the veil and of the temporary vows in female religious congregations present breaking points in the lives of the future nuns. I would argue that these rituals, which sometimes fuse into one ceremony, show clear marks of the so called "rite-of-passage". Nuns put on the veil for the first time, and become full-fledged members of the closed community. The ritual has preserved its main form, even though it has been subjected to some modernisation within many congregations. We can observe its importance hasn't been much diminished since late. This study attempts to demonstrate the importance of these ceremonies in contemporary communities and to show that they can truly be categorised as examples of rite-of-passage ("rite-de-passage") such as has been coined and described by Arnold van Gennep. Studying the importance of the ritual means exploring also its role in the individual life stories recalled by the selected respondents. This thesis is based on both the method of participant observation and the biographical study. It uses the scheme of social drama introduced by Victor Witter Turner to demonstrate the role of a ritual within a community, even as its impact on the individual lives. In the study we can follow the process of entering the community through the eyes of the nuns...
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Ethnology of Gagauz Village Bălgarevo. The Identity of Bulgarian Gagauzes
Christov, Kiril ; Jakoubek, Marek (advisor) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
The work of Ethnology of the Gagauz village of Bălgarevo. The identity of the Bulgarian Gagauz represents the ethnogenesis and hypotheses about the origin of the Gagauz. The author interprets the ethnic identity of the Bulgarian Gagauz from a village in the northeastern part of Bulgaria. Based on the outputs of field return research, empirical data and through the projection of the actors themselves, it identifies the basic characteristics of Gagauz identity: origin, language, religion and tradition. The author describes the symbols and signs important for the community itself and answers the question of whether it is possible to label the current Bulgarian Gagauze as an ethnic group, how they identified themselves and on the basis of which attributes. The space is given by the ongoing revitalization changes against the background of new economic and socio-cultural processes. The work is supplemented by case studies and research reflection.
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Between the Old and the New Homeland - Integration and Self-Identification of the Czech Community in the USA throughout the Second Half of the XIXth century
Marholeva, Krasimira ; Moravcová, Mirjam (advisor) ; Penčev, Vladimir (referee) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
Between the Old and the New Homeland: Integration and Self-Identification of the Czech Community in the USA throughout the Second Half of the XIXth century Mgr. Krasimira Marholeva, Ph.D. Abstract The dissertation assessed the interdependence between the process of integration and shifting national identity of Czech immigrants in the USA throughout the second half of the XIXth century. In the first place, I explored the strategy they elaborated in order to integrate to the American society. Secondly, I assessed how the Czech immigrants identified themselves and how they endeavoured to preserve their national and cultural identity, to prevent their children from acculturation and assimilation. Last but not least, I explored the process of integration and self-identification of the children of the Czech freethinkers during the period in question through the prism of their letters that had been published in the Czech-American freethinking periodical press. In my work, I relied on archival sources, on Czech-American periodical press, on auto-biographies of Czech immigrants in the USA, on memoirs of Czech-American contemporaries and Czech travellers, and last but not least, on letters of the children of the Czech freethinkers in the USA.
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Czech Traces in Gorna Orjahovica in Bulgary
Lančová, Tereza ; Jakoubek, Marek (advisor) ; Jakoubková Budilová, Lenka (referee)
(in English): The thesis focuses on the Czech sugar factory in Gorna Oryahovitsa in northern Bulgaria, especially on the workers' colony which existed between 1912 and 1948 when the company was being put under state control. The paper provides a comprehensive report on the circumstances of the origin, development and current condition of the sugar factory and the colony. The study puts the specific instance of the Czech minority in Gorna Oryahovitsa into a wider context of the Czech migration into Bulgaria. It also provides a comprehensive picture of the Czech colony and its inhabitants, bringing new insights into their lifestyle, activities and contacts with the major society. The core of this work is to use written and pictorial materials. Therefore, the basic methodological approach was to search, collect and record the materials that in some way affected the Czech sugar factory and the colony, both in Bohemia and Bulgaria. These materials were first analyzed and then organized to create meaningful frameworks for subsequent interpretation.
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