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Validation of the cloud and precipitation microphysics scheme in the numerical weather prediction model ALADIN
Němec, David ; Žák, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
This thesis aims to validate the microphysics scheme in the numerical weather predic- tion model ALADIN. The first part is focused on the parameterization of hydrometeors and microphysical processes in various microphysics schemes used in current numeri- cal weather prediction models. The microphysics scheme used in ALADIN is discussed in detail, together with its parameterizations associated with the microphysics scheme. The main part of the thesis deals with an improved parameterization of graupel and improvements in the microphysical processes of all precipitating hydrometeors in the microphysics scheme in ALADIN. Alternative approaches to the parameterization of au- toconversion and evaporation are tested. Results are validated using various objective statistical methods and compared with precipitation estimates based on a combination of data from gauges and radars. 1
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Atmospheric boundary layer representation in the high-resolution WRF model
Peštová, Zuzana ; Belda, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the results of simulations of the numerical model WRF in the prediction mode for 9 schemes of boundary layer parameterization and in the climatic mode for 4 selected schemes. The first part of the work is devoted to the WRF model and especially its options for model physics with a focus on boundary layer schemes. The second part describes the experimental setup of the performed simulations. The third part then compares the obtained results for the prediction and climate mode with the measured data.
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Continentality representation in regional climate models
Hudek, Jakub ; Belda, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
Continentality of climate is one of the basic climate phenomena, describing the climate at current place according to annual changes of basic meteorological elements such as temperature, precipitation, etc. Its measure is usually expressed by indices and is being determined either according to observations using collected data or simulated by climate models. The goal is usually to determine the ability of climate models to represent the present state of climate and to determine and analyse the scenarios of future evolvement for Europe as an examined area. In present diploma thesis are briefly introduced terms like continentality, its indices, global and regional climate models, the ERA-Interim reanalysis, as well as the EURO-CORDEX iniciative. Subsequently individual simulations are processed, analysed and compared with the observations according to the E-OBS dataset.
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Study of screen level temperature dependency on interactions and feedbacks of physics parameterizations in numerical weather prediction and climate models.
Švábik, Filip ; Huszár, Peter (advisor) ; Karlický, Jan (referee)
Screen level temperature is measured at 2 meters above the ground. It is one of the most used atmospheric characteristics in various applications in meteorology and other fields related to weather prediction. Essential is not only the knowledge of its current state, but also its prediction. It is forecasted by numerical weather prediction (NWP) models from the atmospheric current state. Its long-term characteristics can be obtained from the integration of climate models. This text discusses fundamental parametriza- tions, mostly related to temperature forecast, used in the NWP model ALADIN and the regional climate model RegCM. Physical processes which influence temperature are studied using ALADIN in several cases which include the presence of low cloudiness, gravity waves and inappropriate thermic coefficient. A detailed description of the most relevant parametrization schemes is given and the results are studied in a form of indi- vidual feedback loops. Most dominant processes are also found. However, the level of 2 meters above the ground is not the model level, so temperature at 2 meters is obtained by interpolation from the surface temperature and the lowest model level temperature. Using RegCM, two differently complex interpolation schemes are compared to each other. 1
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Atmospheric boundary layer representation in the high-resolution WRF model
Peštová, Zuzana ; Belda, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the results of simulations of the numerical model WRF in the prediction mode for 9 schemes of boundary layer parameterization and in the climatic mode for 4 selected schemes. The first part of the work is devoted to the WRF model and especially its options for model physics with a focus on boundary layer schemes. The second part describes the experimental setup of the performed simulations. The third part then compares the obtained results for the prediction and climate mode with the measured data.
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Study of tropospheric chemistry using regional climate model RegCM4 and chemistry transport model CAMx
Bartík, Lukáš ; Huszár, Peter (advisor) ; Bednář, Jan (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is study of the impacts of different implementations of turbulence and convection in the Regional Climate Model (RegCM, version 4.6) on the ability to predict the chemical pollution of the troposphere in Europe, which was simulated by the chemical transport model CAMx (Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions, version 6.50) driven by RegCM meteorology using offline coupling of theese two models. Thesis also includes a brief description of the tropospheric chemistry, a discussion of the influence of meteorological conditions on changes in pollutant concentrations in the troposphere, a brief introduction to the regional climate modeling, a description of both models and method of their coupling. The main focus of the thesis is the analysis of the impacts of different parameterizations in RegCM model simulations on some climatic elements, validation of air temperature and precipitation, analysis of the impacts of changes in driving meteorology on ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and fine aerosol, validation of model concentrations of these pollutants with measurements at rural monitoring stations and comparison of column concentrations of nitrogen dioxide with satellite measurements.
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Study of Urban Heat Island with using of remote sensing investigations
Doležalová, Anežka ; Žák, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
Modern times bring considerable urbanization which represents the development and extension of cities. An urban environment is very different in structure from the rural one and the natural landscape. The differences are shown in various types of climatic observations and they also lead to a phenomenon called Urban Heat Island. The city appears as an island with higher temperature compared to the surrounding rural areas. Eumetsat satellites called MFG and MSG with the MVIRI and SEVIRI instruments are used for the analysis of SUHI, the measurement of which is processed by the application of various algorithms. 1
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Air temperature and its forecasting
Švábik, Filip ; Huszár, Peter (advisor) ; Belda, Michal (referee)
Weather forecasting, especially air temperature prediction, is important in many areas of human activity, from agriculture through the energy industry to air transport. This bachelor thesis describes successively different tasks which are behind the weather forecast, with an emphasis on the air temperature prediction. A brief overview of the weather forecasting history, from subjective methods to objective methods, is provided at the beginning of the work. A description of the air temperature measurement for the subsequent use in numerical models is also provided. Following part of the thesis deals with the prediction of the air temperature, from the description of the temporal cycles of the surface and air temperature, through the description of atmospheric dynamics and various physical processes, to the comparison of the air temperature determination in the frequently used numerical atmospheric models. The last part of the thesis focuses on the weather forecast verification and statistical evaluation of the air temperature prediction quality using data from the numerical model ALADIN. In relation with aviation meteorology, the work discusses the impact of air temperature on aviation safety.
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Urban heat island intesity in a changing climate
Bardachova, Tatsiana ; Huszár, Peter (advisor) ; Šindelářová, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Urban heat island intesity in a changing climate Author: Tatsiana Bardachova Department: Department of Atmospheric Physics Supervisor: Mgr. Peter Huszár, Ph.D., Department of Atmospheric Physics Abstract: This bachelor thesis analyzes air temperature, specific humidity, height of boundary level, sensitive heat, speed and direction of wind in central Europe for the time periods from the year 2001 to 2010, 2041 to 2050 and 2090 to 2099. The sources of data are the regional climate model RegCM version 4.4 and the model of the land surface CLM version 5.5 extended with the urban model CLMU. The goal of the analysis is to determine the influence of the urban ecosystems on the meteorological conditions and to describe its development over time. The analysis is performed based on comparison of the diurnal cycles and examination of differences in values of a selection of meteorological parameters within and outside the city borders. In addition, this thesis provides an analysis of temperature distribution histograms and compares the model output with the empirical data obtained from measurements performed in Prague during the years 2005 to 2010. The results reveal the existance of correlations between values of certain meteorological parameters in urban an rural areas. Keywords: climate, urban heat island,...
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Numerical weather prediction with WRF model
Kotků, Jirka ; Belda, Michal (advisor) ; Huszár, Peter (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of the simulation results using different vertical coordinate systems, namely the terrain following system and the hybrid vertical coordinate system. We begin with the brief introduction of numerical prediction models in general and then the introduction of the WRF model used in this thesis. The attention is paid to the description of vertical coordinate systems as well as to the presentation of its components and the process of starting a simulation. The next section describes the setting of the WRF model used in this thesis. It is followed by the graphical output of the simulations with the comparison of the results. Comparison of the vertical temperature and wind speed profile was made with real data from the soundings performed in Prague-Libuš by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute.
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