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The influence of precipitation on shallow mineral water abstraction
Hlaváčová, Michaela ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Procházka, Vladimír (referee)
This study focuses on the influence of precipitation on shallow catchments of mineral springs in the special area of Františkovy Lázně. The thesis was made on the basis of the data provided by the company Spa Františkovy Lázně a.s.. The interdependent relations between yield springs, precipitations, atmospheric pressure and the content of free CO2 were studied. These relations were observed onto six springs - František, Luční, Nový, Solný, Železnatý and Žofie. The precipitations were compared with the yield of individual springs. The season was proved by three springs (František, Železnatý and Žofie). Retention of the precipitation was determined for springs František, Solný, Železnatý and Žofie. Considering more than half a year delay, we cannot claim that the precipitations should have a major influence on the dotation of mineral springs. The downtrend was founded for the free CO2 in all researched resources. Significant indirect relation was found using the correlation coefficient between atmospheric pressure and free CO2.
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Water footprint of crops for biofuel production
Straka, Štěpán ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rozman, David (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to apply a research study for the assessment of often- overlooked effects of growing crops used for the production of biofuels, according to their so- called water footprint. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses on the definition of the concept of the water footprint, its history and the gradual development of people understanding the impact. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the issue of definitions and determination of water scarcity. The theoretical part concludes with basic information about biofuels, their division and a presentation of the most commonly used biofuels. The following chapters summarize the current state of biofuel production in the world and familiarize the reader with the issues this production causes. The main part of the thesis is the synthesis and processing of data regarding the water footprint of selected crops grown as a source of biofuels, comparison of the values with climate zones and evaluation of the suitability of the production of these crops concerning water resources. Keywords: water footprint, biofuels, maize, canola, sugarcane, oil palm
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Hydrogeology of the Prague Castle area
Harmáček, Jakub ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The thesis deals with the hydrogeology of the Prague Castle area and focuses on its III. courtyard, where there is an important archeological site hidden under the concrete slab of the courtyard itself. Due to the present groundwater and its influence on the microclimate under this slab, archaeological monuments are endangered and it is necessary to choose the right conservation or restoration interventions. Despite the importance of the influence of water on monuments, the exploration of the area from the point of view of hydrogeology is small and most of the data come only from construction reports, which deal with hydrogeology only marginally. The aim of my work is, in addition to a comprehensive search to extend field measurements, to expand this knowledge and better describe local hydrogeological conditions. In the theoretical part I focus on completing the existing knowledge about hydrogeology and the way humans impact this hydrogeology. The research is followed by a practical part, where with the help of hydrodynamic test and hydrochemical analysis I classify the origin of water and the way it flows in the soil. The literature and measurements show that the water is located in the area in two aquifers: a shallow Quaternary aquifer in the backfills and water flowing in the Ordovician layers....
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Methodology of baseflow assessment
Patzeltová, Lucie ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Vencelides, Zbyněk (referee)
This thesis provides an overview of methods used for determining the baseflow as one of the essential components of Water balance. Knowledge of the baseflow is important for determining the size of natural groundwater resources, as it gives valuable information on the possibilities of their exploitation. The thesis provides an overview of the historical development of the methodology in this field. Selected methods are compared based on the difficulty of their application, data input requirements and the quality of outputs. Several case studies dealing with the application of selected procedures are presented. Furthermore, the Kamenice river basin is presented as a pilot area. Based on its natural conditions and the form of available data inputs from the Hřensko measurement profile, a suitable method for calculating the baseflow is chosen and applied.
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Mineral water resources in the Czech part of the Vienna basin
Bošková, Lucia ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis characterizes the Vienna Basin region from a geological and hydrogeological perspective. The main focus is put on the occurrence of mineral water. It describes the basic types of waters that are located there. In a closer look, it describes important types of them, mainly those ones that have the largest occurrence in the region. In another aspect, it analyzes their current condition and use. It defines basic concepts of this issue and describes common or legislative requirements for the classification and description of mineral waters. It puts a closer look and describes main sites of mineral water springs, including local spa places, especially those ones that are currently active. It also briefly deals with localities, where mineral water abstraction or spa treatment took place in the past and which are currently no longer active. In the end, it describes these sites from a balneological point of view. Keywords Vienna basin, mineral waters, spa, balneology
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Emerging pollutants issues in waters
Pohan, Tomáš ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rozman, David (referee)
Emerging pollutants (EPs) is the name for a very heterogenous group of many pollutants that have appeared in surface and groundwaters in the last few years. As this is a relatively new and extensive issue, there are problems with the lack of data, from which we could clearly assess their long-term behavior, environmental impact in the environmentand, last but not least, the long-term impact on human health. The purpose of this work is to comprehend the view of EPs and summarize the existing knowledge about their behavior in the aquatic environment, the impact on human health, monitoring methods, technological water treating methods and applicable legislation of the European Union and the Czech Republic.
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The issue of lithium in waters in Czech Republic
Sedláček, Alexandr ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present a survey on the genesis and the occurrence of lithium in rock environment in the Czech Republic on the basis of Czech and foreign literature. The thesis delineates the most important localities with the occurrence of lithium compounds along with the current condition of these deposits. In the second part of the thesis, I composed similar research of all accessible studies dealing with the problematics of the presence of lithium in drinking water and its impact on the health of the population. At the end of the thesis, I created a proposal for water management monitoring. Its aim is to obtain the most accurate data of lithium levels in drinking water and of the amount in which it is consumed by the monitored subjects. The monitoring was designed so that the output data could be compared with medical records of the monitored population and the exact relationship between the concentration of lithium and its impact on human health could be determined.
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Managed artificial recharge as a tool to eliminate negative impacts of climate change.
Kvašňovský, Tomáš ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rozman, David (referee)
: The topic of artificial recharge technology for water supply into the underground, its direct use and application in the field is becoming a more frequent foreign question, but also in the Czech Republic. This is due to the negative trend in groundwater levels over the past 10 years, caused by drought and temperature regression trends. The theoretical part of this thesis presents the knowledge of the use of artificial groundwater recharge, even with specific cases in the world or in the Czech Republic. This work is especially focused on a very specific case of the construction that represent underground dam in the village of Meziboří in the environment of the Czech massif "hard rocks". Specifically, its efficiency and impact on natural groundwater runoff. For this purpose, a numerical model was developed in the program Groundwater Vistas (extension for MODFLOW). From the results we can observe the influence of natural groundwater regime in both static and dynamic model. After simulating the dam in a steady- state regime of unaffected conditions, the groundwater level in the model before the dam increased significantly above ground level. The possible pumping without drying the collector then represents values 5,4 - 5,8 m3 /day (0,063 - 0,067 l/s) from the well just before the dam. The drain...
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