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Malaiyaka Tamil Youth in Sri Lanka: Values, Aspirations, and the Forming of a New Elite
Novotný, Radek ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor) ; Strnad, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
Radek Novotný Malaiyaka Tamil Youth in Sri Lanka: Values, Aspirations, and the Forming of a New Elite Malaiyaka Tamils are a minority and lowest-status group within the society of Sri Lanka. A majority of them were brought by the British colonialists from India to work on their coffee, later tea plantations in the course of the 19th and 20th century. They were deprived of their basic civil rights in 1940's. However, the Malaiyaka Tamils have been undergoing a process of considerable social-economic changes over the last three decades, which was launched especially by the attainment of citizenship, growth of educational opportunities, and growth of civic and political awareness. The young Malaiyaka Tamils have an opportunity to become the first relatively well-educated generation and new elite of their ethnic group. This work attempts to analyse the prospects of the Malaiyaka Tamils youth's upward social mobility process by investigating their aspirations, values, and attitudes. I conducted field research in the so-called Hill Country of Sri Lanka, and I collected data by using methods, especially, of semi-structured interviews and questionnaire survey. We can assume that the target population will undergo a process of structural upward social mobility, and will become the new social- economic...
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Political Movements of Dalits in South India
Blecha, Vlastimil ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor) ; Filipský, Jan (referee) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
While growing strength of Dalit political organizations in India in the last years has been usually welcomed as a manifestation of rising self-confidence of Dalits and an expression of new orientation of the Indian society towards more social justice and equality, this thesis advocates for some restraint from an unwarranted optimism. It focuses on the impact of Dalit political movements and affirmative action on governance in Tamil Nadu rural societies and it sets the Dalit movement and the affirmative action on behalf of Dalits in the context of Dravidian political parties that have been the leading force in the Tamil Nadu since 1967. The main questions I am addressing in this thesis are: "Which factors/institutions are conducive to good governance/orderly rule in communities divided by caste while carrying out the project of social and political empowerment of Dalits?" "What is the impact of affirmative action and Dalit political parties on local communities and by extension on Tamil Nadu society?" The thesis uses neo-institutionalist theoretical framework and it is predominantly based on comparison of two different experiences of two Tamil Nadu villages with the Dalit movement and the affirmative action. I have collected most of the empirical data for the thesis during my two periods of fieldwork in...
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Aspects of Linquistic Variability in Tamil Short Fiction
Vihanová, Zuzana ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Filipský, Jan (referee) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
Aspects of Linguistic Variability in Tamil Short Fiction (Aspekty jazykové variability v tamilské krátké próze) Zuzana Vihanová Abstract This thesis examines the linguistic variability of contemporary Tamil short fiction. Based on the concept of markedness, it explores the distribution, structure, and function of standard, substandard, and superstandard linguistic varieties used in current Tamil writings. It concentrates on both individual and collective aspects of the use of this diglossic language in literature. The source-base for the analysis are short stories of seven Tamil authors of different social dialectal background. Authors and their texts recruit from the Brahmin, non-Brahmin and Dalit milieu. Historical perspective is brought into attention in the analysis of writings of Pudumaippittan, one of the first distinguished short-story writers. I observe the shift in the semantic markednes of literary and spoken Tamil use in his work, the introduction of the Pillai dialect into literature and its infiltration to the literary language, same as the impact of the outside sources, i.e., English and Sanskrit, on his writing. In the works of another non-Brahmin writer, Baskar Sakti, I examine the use and structure of spoken Tamil in contemporary fiction, as well as the functionally marked varieties he uses...
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Repetitive formations in Hindi
Diatka, Vojtěch ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is systematization of classification of morphological operation known as repetition. Even elaborated studies on repetition either deal only with small part of this big topic or suffer from fragmentariness. After distinguishing repetition from reduplication we formulate definition for recognizing each case of examined phenomenon. Then we pursue the need to introduce theory of prototypes into thoughts about repetition that helps us to solve some problems concerning classification of this morphological operation. The greatest part of this thesis consists of classification of repetition itself. In introductory part of each chapter we briefly analyze the way in which other linguists treat the concrete type of repetition. Important two parts of each chapter are structural aspect and semantic aspect. By first we mean formal changes which word undergoes when reiterated. By the latter we mean semantic shifts. Both aspects are treated in detailed manner. Each type of repetition we exemplify by words taken from grammars and words taken from our corpus. Another important topic is onomatopoeic reduplication. We try to demonstrate why it is not type of reduplication and at the same time we propose how to account for this phenomenon. These words are best to describe when we...
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Same-sex love in India
Beranová, Petra Nina ; Bendíková, Soňa (advisor) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis 'Same-sex love in India' deals with selected aspects of homosexuality in Indian society. It describes aspects of homosexuality in film, television, traditional romantic friendship, family, marriage and suicides. It also deals with the corresponding health issues in one part. The first part of the thesis briefly describes history and terminology related to homosexuality in India, including practical examples from Urdu poetry and one of its genres called rekhti. The biggest attention of the thesis is paid to present selected homosexual aspects closer. Neither the names of people active on a homosexual Indian field are omitted from this thesis. Bachelor thesis also documents the most important organizations dealing with rights of homosexuals in India.
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The Pahari Doms: the case study of Dom communities living in surrounding of the town Bhimtal in Indian state Uttaranchal
Houdek, Lukáš ; Červenka, Jan (advisor) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
The thesis introduces gathered Indian castes that are known as Doms. The Dom castes are considered to be the groups in where Roma originated. The thesis is a case study of particular localities of the North-Indian region Kumaon (Uttarakhand province). The thesis focuses on the daily life of local Dom groups, their position in the caste system, and also targets the professions they are performing. It further targets the practices performed during choosing the partner and also focuses on their religious ideas about the world around them. Finally it itroduces the parallels, that can be found between Doms and Roma.
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Dalit literature and its role in the Dalit movement
Horáčková, Jana ; Hons, Pavel (advisor) ; Blecha, Vlastimil (referee)
The thesis deals with dalit literature and its role in the dalit movement. In the preface it summarizes information about indian caste system, untouchability and outlines the history of the dalit movement. It tries to highlight certain important points within the history of dalit movement that were significant for the evolvement and development of the dalit literature. Then it goes onto the dalit literature itself. The brief historical depiction is devided into parts based on geographic and lingual regions (Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Hindi and Gujarati). Further the author deals with classification of dalit literature and its relation with afro- american literature. She poses and tries to answer the question of who in fact is the dalit writer, how is dalit literature received by literature critics and briefly also mentions its language specificities. In the analysis of dalit literature motives the author describes significant and frequent storylines and shows the connection of literature and dalit movement. Specific examples taken from dalit works point out particular motives and nicely illustrate the character of this literature. Separate chapter deals with recently current theme of women in dalit literature. In conclusion author offers summary of the whole theme, emphasizes its most important points...
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Religious aspects in ancient Tamil poetry
Horáčková, Jana ; Vihanová, Zuzana (referee) ; Hons, Pavel (advisor)
The study deals with religious elements of sangam poetry and its subsequent changes in the next period. It is devided into two parts - the first part focuses on the literature and religion of the classical period. The second part shows how the literature and religion were influenced by brahmins and what kind of changes it is possible to see after the intensification of their influence. Historical background of the transition between the two periods is described in the chapter about aryanization. In the last chapter the author briefly outlines the transition to the next period - the bhakti period. The thesis was worked out with special reference to secondary literature but especially in the second part there is very important conjunction with the translation of Silappadigaram.
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