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Pathophysiology of brain trauma.
Chovančík, Josef ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Author: Josef Chovančík Title of diploma thesis: Trauma and pathophysiological of brain damage Form: Master Thesis Name of University: Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Field: Pharmacy Background: Work in the first part describes the construction of the nervous and vascular system at key points which relate to the topic. Focuses on basic functional principles of both systems, which together are both anatomically and functionally linked. In its special section then discusses his own brain injury. Includes incidence, causes and mechanisms of its formation, classify its severity. Describes the pathophysiological processes in the brain injury that are the focus of today's scientific research. Findings and conclusion: Based on the work of our search, we concluded that the pathophysiological picture of cerebral tissue damage involves many, mutually interlocking mechanisms. We found that the toxic effect of excitatory amino acids leads to a massive increase in intracellular calcium concentration. The resulting stepped-pathological activation of many enzymes and inhibition of mitochondrial function. Damage to nerve cells is also caused by free radicals that cause damage to cell membranes, proteins and molecular genetic...
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Evaluation of oxime cholinesterase reactivators by neurobehavioral methods
Karasová, Jana ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Na albinotickych samcich potkanů kmene Wistar byla hodnocena schopnost oximovych reaktivatorů enzymu acetylcholinesterazy (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) eliminovat projevy neurotoxicity navozene nervově paralytickymi latkami in vivo. Ve dvou pokusech byl zviřatům podan i.m. tabun, ve třetim soman, vždy v davce 80 % LD50 a po uplynuti 1 minuty byla podana i.m. terapie obsahujici anticholinergikum atropin (21 mg/kg) vždy v kombinaci s jednim z vybranych oximů. Do pokusů byly zařazeny nově syntetizovane latky K074 a K075, dale pak obidoxim, trimedoxim a HI-6 jako srovnavaci latka. Všechny testovane latky byly v průběhu všech pokusů aplikovany v ekvimolarnich davkach (50 mol/kg). Pro hodnoceni jednotlivych projevů tabunem navozene neurotoxicity byla použita metodika Funkčni pozorovaci baterie, ktera obsahuje hodnoceni senzorickych, motorickych a autonomnich nervovych funkci. Jednotlive ukazatele navozene neurotoxicity budou hodnoceny 24 hodin a 7 dni po intoxikaci a porovnavany s daty kontrolni skupiny, ktere byl i.m. podan namisto nervově paralytickych latek a antidot fyziologicky roztok. Cilem tohoto souboru pokusů je prokazat pozitivni terapeuticky efekt testovanych reaktivatorů AChE a hodnotit parametry učinnosti jednotlivych terapeutickych kombinaci. V prvnim z experimentů byla pozornost zaměřena hlavně na...
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