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The development of graphic user interface for processing of MR spectroscopy data
Černý, Karel ; Hájek, Milan (advisor) ; Hačkajlo, David (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to simplify the processing of spectroscopy data and to create the database of the performed examinations. Currently several programs have to be run, to completely process the measured data. That is why it was necessary to create the user interface, which contains all necessary features and which is tailored to the requirements of the staff processing the data. The research and the development of the program was performed at the department of MR spectroscopy IKEM. The output of the thesis is the graphical interface that controls existing patient management application SPACS used for the archivation and management of the patient data within research projects in MR in IKEM. The application is available via the web browser. All functions, calculations, and views are created in the PHP language, the database is implemented in PostgreSQL and all additional features and utilities are provided by JavaScript language. The application is able to display base images with a volume of interest, to generate the preview of the spectrum from the raw data, to select the processing parameters and to send the data to processing by the LCModel program. The results are consequently saved into the database. The application has been tested and uploaded to the main SPACS server in IKEM and facilitates the...
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Mesial temporal epilepsy: comparison of morphological changes after different neurosurgery approaches with clinical seizure outcome
Malíková, Hana ; Vymazal, Josef (advisor) ; Kršek, Pavel (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
Background: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most surgically amenable epilepsy diagnosis and the results of epilepsy surgery are clearly superior to prolonged medical therapy. Stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) is an alternative therapy of MTLE to the open neurosurgery approaches. In our hospital SAHE has been used since 2004. We produced lesions from the occipital access with a single trajectory in the long axis of amygdalohippocampal complex (AHK) using the probe with a flexible active tip. The aim of this study was to correlate the morphological changes after different neurosurgical approaches including volume reduction of the target structures / the hippocampus, the amygdala, entorhinal (EC) and perirhinal (PRC) cortices/ with the clinical seizure outcome. Methods: We included 26 consecutive patients, who underwent SAHE using Leksell stereotactic system and 10 patients treated by microsurgical amygdalohippocampectomy (AHE). MR volumetry of hippocampus, amygdale, EC and PRC was performed 1 year after the procedure. The clinical outcome was assessed 2 years after the procedure according to Engel's Classification. Results: No serious adverse events occurred after both procedures. One year after SAHE, the hippocampal volume decreased by 55.5 18.0% (p<10-4 ), the...
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Metabolic profile of human brain in vivo in MR image and spectrum
Wagnerová, Dita ; Hájek, Milan (advisor) ; Lang, Jan (referee)
Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic imaging have proven to be useful to monitor a metabolism in the human brain. The thesis is concerned to repeatability and reproducibility of spectroscopic data measured on 1.5T and 3T scanners and to the development of a new method enabling the separation of pathologic and healthy tissues in patients with brain tumor using the combination of MR spectroscopic and diffusion measurements. Evaluation of repeatability and reproducibility in white matter in the parieto-occipital region, in the hippocampus and in gray matter in the frontal lobe did not show significant differences in accuracy of measurements on 1.5T and 3T scanners, but showed a significant increase of signal-to-noise ratio on 3T As a part of the thesis a program KORELACE has been developed. The program enables the evaluation of spectroscopic and diffusion data on the "pixel-by-pixel" basis in individual subjects. The existence of a statistically significant inverse correlation between the concentrations of choline and the diffusion trace values has been proven in glioblastoma, but no significant correlation has been found in a healthy tissue in volunteers. The correlation can be used to characterize borders of brain tumors and to identify the healthy tissue. Simulations confirmed the influence of...
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Somatomotor and somatosensory modulation of pain in the EEG and fMR image
Vrána, Jiří ; Stančák, Andrej (advisor) ; Vymazal, Josef (referee) ; Jech, Robert (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
Pain processing is modulated at different levels of the central nervous system by concurrent sensory and motor processes. From previous studies with innocuous somatosensory evoked potentials we know of the phenomenon of gating by movement. The classical explanation [Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science 1965;150(699):971-979.] of the mechanism of gating in the posterior horn of spinal cord is complemented by other, lesser understood data, suggesting supraspinal mechanisms. A similar lack of understanding of the cortical mechanisms is seen in pain modulating methods using concurrent electrical nerve stimulation. This work is intended to further our understanding of the cortical mechanisms of pain modulation in the specific cases of (a) isometric muscle contraction of the right or left hand during painful electrical intraepidermal stimulation of the right index finger and (b) during observation of the acute effects of concurrent innocuous median nerve stimulation on painful tonic thermal stimulation of the thenar eminence.
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Cardiovascular involvement in patients with Fabry disease
Jirák, Daniel ; Hájek, Milan (advisor) ; Vymazal, Josef (referee) ; Žižka, Jan (referee)
The evaluation of clinical magnetic resonance (MR) images is influenced by errors (subjective evaluation, noise, etc.). It is possible to eliminate these errors by using certain mathematical and statistical methods. One of these methods is texture analysis (TA), which can describe images quantitatively by computed texture parameters. The aim of this thesis was to analyze MR images of various subjects (phantoms, apples, calf muscles, livers) by TA and to evaluate its possible use in clinical practice. The main tasks of the thesis were: 1) to develop a new phantom suitable for TA and MR imaging that is biochemically and mechanically stable 2) to optimize an algorithm for TA parameter selection and classification 3) to apply TA in evaluating MR images. The first methodical part of the thesis deals with the optimization of texture parameter selection and texture classification. For this purpose a new type of phantom was developed. This PSAG phantom, with a nodular structure from polystyrene spheres (PS) placed into agar (AG), is suitable for MR imaging and for TA because it produces a strong MR signal and because its T1 and T2 relaxation times are in the range of biological tissue and can be easily modified by employing various densities of PS spheres or by the addition of a contrast agent. Measurements of PSAG...
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Methods of the Spectroscopic I maging in clinical practice and experiments
Jírů, Filip ; Hájek, Milan (advisor) ; Horký, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mechl, Marek (referee)
Spectroscopic imaging (SI) is the method which enables non-invasive studying of the metabolite composition of tissues in vivo from multiple regions simultaneously. The objective of this thesis was to develop a methodology for the reliable evaluation of in vivo SI data. The thesis addresses several aspects of the evaluation of SI data as described below. The processing of SI data represents a complex issue requiring dedicated evaluation programs. Although various spectra processing programs are provided by the vendors of MR scanners, software enabling complete SI data processing and analysis is not available. The CULICH program has been developed within the framework of this thesis to enable the comprehensive processing of SI data. The program offers advanced functionality for evaluation of SI data. The initial experience with the program shows that CULICH is suitable for evaluation of SI data measured in both clinical practice and the experiments. The accuracy of calculated concentrations is of high importance for each quantification method. SVS techniques can be taken as the gold standard for quantification of MR spectra. Therefore, to asses the accuracy of the metabolite concentrations measured by SI, the comparison of results obtained by SI and SVS was performed. The direct comparison of results obtained...
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