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Morphological differences between the skulls of lions (Panthera leo) and tigers (Panthera tigris)
Šádková, Jolana ; Formanová, Dominika (advisor) ; Pyszko, Martin (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate possibilities of morphological differentiation of skulls of lions (Panthera leo) and tigers (Panthera tigris) for the purposes of control authorities supervising a trade with endangered species protected by CITES. Tiger skeletons are one of the black markets highly lucrative and plentifully traded goods. Tiger skeletons might be easily exchanged for those of the lions, therefore their distinction is crucially needed for the control authorities. Therefore, a literature search on the morphological differences between the skulls of these two large felids with a focus on non-metric features was carried out. The results of the study show a possibility of distinction between lion and tiger skulls, though different identification features are shown among studied papers. Morphological differences and characteristics of individual subspecies or populations, as well as differences between the sexes and differences caused by specific conditions during ontogenetic development (such as captive breeding) are discussed. The results of the bachelor's thesis suggest a high reliability of species identification by simultaneous usage of multiple morphological characteristics of skulls. However, this conclusion should still be verified by empirical examination of selected...
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IS in identification genetics
Dorčáková, Terézia ; Vaněk, Daniel (advisor) ; Formanová, Dominika (referee)
DNA analysis serves as a highly efficient identification tool when the biological material to be identified is heavily damaged or does not carry sufficient morphological characteristics. It is employed for human, but also for non-human identification in numerous cases such as crime investigation and prevention, populational studies, kinship analysis, paternity testing, mass grave body recognition or endangered species rescue. For successful identification, it is necessary to collect and maintain DNA profile databases. Such databases hold records of people involved in criminal activity or sequences from non-human sources. This work intends to review how identification and kinship analysis using genetic material works. Next, the most important databases collecting DNA profiles are summarised. Although the benefits of such databases are vast, there are many ethical concerns about misuse of such private information. For convenient database queries, a dedicated set of command line tools has been implemented by the author. These are used for an exemplary species identification of an unknown sequence.
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