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The Ecological Validity of the Tests of Executive Functioning in Patients with Schizofrenia
Drozdová, Kristýna ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Krámská, Lenka (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee)
Aim: The current study investigated a pattern of associations between executive functions and everyday functioning in a sample of schizophrenia patients with the aim to specify the ecological validity. The ecological validity as a specific form of external validity refers to the extent of the relation of the test outcome measures and patients' behaviour in everyday situations. Sample and methods: A sample of 77 patients (22 women and 55 men) with the diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, who met study inclusion criteria, was assessed with several executive function tests: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test B (TMT B), Phonemic Verbal Fluency Test and Semantic Verbal Fluency Test (VF), Similarities from Wechsler Adult Inteligence Scale (WAIS III), Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS), and with rating scales for patients' behavior in everyday situations - Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSPs), newly developed clinical scale (CliSca), Interview for Assessment of Insight (SAI) and patients' self rating in Social Functioning Scale (SFS). Relationships between demografic measures and test outcomes were examined. Results: Verbal fluency tests did correlate significantly with the newly developed clinical scale that seems...
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Self-attribution in Schizophrenia
Kozáková, Eva ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Michalec, Jiří (referee) ; Drozdová, Kristýna (referee)
Background: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with highly variable clinical presentation. It has been proposed that the unifying characteristic across all its variants is a disturbance of self/other boundaries and distinction. However, the understanding of its mechanism is still emerging. The presented thesis examines the hallmark feature of altered self-attribution of agency (SA) in schizophrenia with the aim to depict the underlying and related processes. Objectives: The experimental part consists of three separate studies. The first study verifies whether SA alterations reported in the literature are not confounded by an impairment of broader sensorimotor capacities. Further, it focuses on the association between SA alterations in schizophrenia and symptom severity and their dependence in time. The second study examines the differences in brain activity between patients and healthy controls during SA processing. The last study investigates the possible role of intrinsic brain connectivity in self-agency processing. Methods: The studies combine data from the levels of clinical presentation (symptoms), behavioral performance, and brain activity. More than 300 participants were involved in the studies in total. We used a behavioral SA task and a control task; the Positive and Negative Syndrome...
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Neuropsychological aspects of functional movement disorders
Věchetová, Gabriela ; Nikolai, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rusina, Robert (referee) ; Drozdová, Kristýna (referee)
The theoretical part of this dissertation presents a current view of functional (psychogenic) movement disorders (FMD) in the current International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) referred to as dissociative (conversion) motor disorders, which has undergone significant development in the last two decades. It is a heterogeneous group of diseases with a tendency of becoming chronic diseases, which, in addition to motor symptoms, are manifested by a number of comorbid non-motor symptoms (fatigue, pain, anxiety, depression, cognitive difficulties, etc.). Despite the potential reversibility, these disorders still have an unfavorable prognosis and are associated with a low quality of life. Based on our current understanding, abnormalities of attentional processes are among the central phenomena of the development and maintenance of FMD. So far, only a minimum of studies has focused on attentional processes in the context of complex cognitive performance with contradictory findings. The dissertation had two goals. The first of the presented studies focused on the impact of subjectively assessed non-motor symptoms including subjective cognitive complaints and objectively assessed motor symptoms on the quality of life. The aim of the second study was to examine the cognitive profile of patients with FMD...
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The Ecological Validity of the Tests of Executive Functioning in Patients with Schizofrenia
Drozdová, Kristýna ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Krámská, Lenka (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee)
Aim: The current study investigated a pattern of associations between executive functions and everyday functioning in a sample of schizophrenia patients with the aim to specify the ecological validity. The ecological validity as a specific form of external validity refers to the extent of the relation of the test outcome measures and patients' behaviour in everyday situations. Sample and methods: A sample of 77 patients (22 women and 55 men) with the diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, who met study inclusion criteria, was assessed with several executive function tests: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test B (TMT B), Phonemic Verbal Fluency Test and Semantic Verbal Fluency Test (VF), Similarities from Wechsler Adult Inteligence Scale (WAIS III), Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS), and with rating scales for patients' behavior in everyday situations - Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSPs), newly developed clinical scale (CliSca), Interview for Assessment of Insight (SAI) and patients' self rating in Social Functioning Scale (SFS). Relationships between demografic measures and test outcomes were examined. Results: Verbal fluency tests did correlate significantly with the newly developed clinical scale that seems...
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