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The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on the Expression of Inflammation and Cellular Damage Parameters in Relation to the Presence of Psoriasis
Holmannová, Drahomíra ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee) ; Kujovská Krčmová, Lenka (referee)
Metabolic syndrome is a chronic metabolic and systemic inflammatory disease that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and their interrelationship with common comorbidities, including psoriasis. By analysing changes in the levels of selected parameters of inflammation and cellular damage, the knowledge of the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process of both diseases and their combination can be expanded. The results may contribute to effective secondary prevention and primary care interventions and facilitate modification of therapies. Data for the doctoral thesis were obtained from three separate studies, for which a set of parameters reflecting metabolic status, inflammatory processes, and cell damage (oxidative DNA/RNA damage, calprotectin, angiopoietin-like protein 8 /ANGPTL8/, clusterin, elafin, chromosomal aberrations, CRP, and vitamin D) were selected. The studies included groups of people with metabolic syndrome, persons with psoriasis, persons with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, and healthy subjects. A total of 248 subjects participated in the study in three studies (122, 85 and 41 subjects). Laboratory determination of parameters was performed by...
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Psoriasis and Its Comorbidities. Mutual Relationship of the Disease and the Process of Aging.
Borský, Pavel ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
Psoriasis vulgaris (psoriasis) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the skin. The pathogenesis of psoriasis involves a combination of genetic and epigenetic modifications with a significant influence of environmental factors. The disease is characterized by papulosquamous lesions with hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, angiogenesis and dysregulation of the normal immune response leading to chronic inflammation. Excessive activation of parts of the adaptive immune system is thought to be a central factor in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. More severe forms of psoriasis tend to be associated with other diseases (comorbidities). These include metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease and psychiatric disorders or uveitis. Many of these comorbidities show a significant association with age (the biological process of human aging). Aging is a process of gradual decline in the body's abilities and functional capabilities. It is a universal process with a considerable degree of variability that is characteristic of all higher animals. Among the theories describing aging, the theory of accumulation of damage, which integrates the previously known mechanisms of aging, is currently dominant. The theory is based on the fact that during pathophysiological processes,...
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What is the difference in student knowledge of nutrition at different types of universities?
Boháč, Petr ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis consists of a theoretical and analytical part. The first part introduces basic knowledge about healthy nutrition, the constitution of nourishment and nutritional recommendations for citizens of the Czech Republic. It also describes a required level of knowledge about nutrition that all high school students should have. The analytical part is based on research that examined the knowledge of 298 university students and high school seniors. The students were from four different universities and one high school. This set of students was examined by a test that consisted of 30 questions. Students answered another four questions about their weight, height, gender and subjective valuations of their knowledge. The answers to these questions were evaluated manually and processed in programs such as MS Excel, MS Word and Epitable. The diploma thesis examines the knowledge of students based on their school, gender and daily life experience. It also shows students' Body Mass Indexes and differences in their subjective valuations of knowledge based on the students' schools. Results are presented in well-arranged tables in Chapter Discussion. The research showed that the best knowledge is to be found among students from Third Faculty of Medicine. Practical questions that focused on daily life...
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Microbiome of the human body and most commonly used probiotics by patients from pharmaceutical practice
Plíšková, Zuzana ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This work is divided into theoretical and practical. Theoretical part discusses human microbiome, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Beginning work describes the human microbiome, as a living ecosystem consisting of several hundred species of microorganisms, its development from birth to adulthood, for proper functioning of all organ systems including the skin. Normal microbial flora prevents the body against infection, re-creates health and serve as an example to prevent traveler's diarrhea. In cases which cause reduction in the number of microorganisms (constipation, diarrhea, antibiotic therapy, and others), the body needs help using probiotic products, usually in the form of capsules, for the faster restoration of the normal microbial flora. It is important to choose a formulation which is suitable for the chosen target - that is, select whether purely probiotic or prebiotic agent combined with differently therefore termed synbiotic. Practical part deals with statistical data processing of the sales of probiotic products for a period of one year and determines the trend of sales. The results show seasonal marketability, probiotics, when it occurs more in the summer months. To demonstrate higher sales of probiotic products was used to compare data from 2012 and 2017 from a pharmacy Mlada...
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Problems of supplementary food sales in schools and school facilities
Šašková, Klára ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor) ; Rambousková, Jolana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of the complementary sale of food products in schools and school facilities, which is, at the moment, regulated by the appropriate statute (the Decree No. 282/2016 Coll., on requirements on food products for which an advertisement is allowed and which can be offered for sale and be sold in schools and school facilities). In the theoretical part of this thesis, the contemporary legislation on the subject-matter is described first. A brief chapter is dedicated to school meals. Subsequent chapters are devoted to requirements set for child food and the question of technological opportunities for food modification. The underlying goal of the theoretical part was to raise awareness of the contemporary alarming state with a growing trend of the obesity occurrence and to provide the reasoning why an emphasis on a proper food, especially during childhood, is so essential and, consequently, why a certain level of legal regulation in this field is desired. In the practical part of this thesis, food products, which satisfy the requirements set forth by the Decree No. 282/2016 Coll., were searched for. The results were projected into tables and they were verbally evaluated in the form of a discussion and they were compared with the requirements, which are now set forth...
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