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Phylogenetic relation of Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens
Janda, Petr ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Hora, Martin (referee)
The main idea of this bachelor thesis is to close the phylogenetic relation of Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens species issue. The first move is summary of findings in this issue following from fossil records of both species. There are researched findings directly deducing from fossils (for example morphological), but also findings, which can be only speculated from fossils with certain possibility (for example sociological). In conclusion there are given findings meaning similarity, but also difference of both species and in view of these findings there it is analyzed, how much are both species relative and how much they are be classify as one genus. Key words: phylogeny, relation, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, morphology, sociology
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"Children's creative expreession in preschool age"
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Radka
The bachelor thesis deals with an art expression of children preschool age. There is art techniqes in this age and illustate practical samples by the sample lessons. Attention is given to free time and art activity is formate in free time. In teoretical part i characterize concept free time children's art expression and preschool age. I will focus on speciality every age and i will try delineate diagnostic opportunities of children's art expression. I describe creativity like inicial concept and specific techniques in preschool age. The aim of the thesis is check teoretical knowledge in practice by the sample lessons of children's art expression. The practical part is made by art lessons of five children in preschool age, i evaluate action and add children's illustracion of creation which is based on my aims.
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The Influence of the Religious Faith to the Opinions of the Origin and the Development of living systems
Korda, Petr ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Schierová, Zuzana (referee)
In this thesis I dealt with on the relationship between religious belief and acceptance or rejection the theories about origin of life and evolution-it means evolution by natural selection and theories such as creationism and Intelligent design. Respondents of the survey were students of universities and high-schools focused on natural sciences. The review of literature consists of chapters dedicated to evolution, creationism, ID, religion and surveys on this topic. In the research part of the thesis there is own analysis on the sample of students. The research was realized in the form of survey on students of universities, mostly and the Faculty of Science of Charles University in Prague and on the high schools, which are the teaching schools of this faculty. The benefit of this thesis is finding the relationship between their religious belief and their opinion about theories origin of life, evolution by natural selection, creationism and ID. Keywords: Evolution by natural selection, Intelligent design, Creationism, Religion, Belief
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Conceptions about the Origin of Life in Science vs. High School Textbooks
Vávrová, Anna ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Toman, Jan (referee)
The theory of the origin of life in lessons of biology in secondary schools - this topic is limited on concepts such as abiogenesis, panspermia, creationism, biological and chemical evolution in textbooks. What was written in textbooks years ago is, in many cases, no longer upto date. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the most recent scientific pieces of knowledge relevant to the topic of the origin of life and ensuingly compare them with the material that is presented to students at secondary schools. This bachelor thesis consists of three parts, where the first is a literary research focused on technical scientific articles dealing with the topic of the origin of life (cell). The following part contains a research of the contents of educational material and textbooks, and I compare the two previous parts in the last one. My effort is to point out information that can already be mistaken or archaic, and are being lectured to students as facts in secondary schools. After comparing the current knowledge with the contents of the textbooks I have used today, I would recommend the actual interpretation to be updated by the information that has been enriched in the past years.
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Anatomical Changes on the Skeleton in the Evolution of Genus Homo
Hoffmannová, Valérie ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Schierová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the anatomical features on the skeletons of species Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensi, Homo sapiens and Homo naledi. For each type are described those features which characterize it. Emphasis is placed on changes in the anatomy of the skull and pelvis, but they are also mentioned other features typical for the species. Part of this work is to outline the mobility and function of the skeleton. Information about individual species are supplemented by a description of external signs which are due to the anatomy of the skeleton. Keywords: Anatomy, Morphology, skeleton, skull, pelvis, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, Homo naledi
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The Evidence of Evolution
Korda, Petr ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Lhotský, Josef (referee)
In this thesis I addressed myself to the literature search of the evidences supporting evolution by natural selection. The aim was to present and describe these evidences. I focused myself on the evidences from the field of paleontology, biogeography and on the similarities based on anatomy, morphology and molecular biology. The conclusion from the literature search is that there exist many arguments supporting evolution by natural selection and further also that proponents of alternative theories try to falsify evolution. The contribution of this thesis is presentation of arguments supporting evolution and also description of arguments against evolution and outlining the problems connected with teaching evolution. Key words: Evolution, evidences, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism, intelligent design, creationism
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Use of Botanical Garden of faculty of science Charles University in Prague in teaching biology and natural history
Nováková, Eliška ; Rajsiglová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Radka (referee)
This diploma thesis is focusing on use of Botanical garden of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague by teachers as a destination for class field trips. Teachers use this garden with different objectives and different intensity. This diploma thesis provides a summary of this using by the processing of the survey, which took place in elementary school teachers and high school teachers. This work is testing the following hypotheses: 1. Teachers with length of practice above twenty years use the field trip less than teachers with length of practice under twenty years. 2. Men use guided tours more than women. 3. High school teachers use geopark for tour more than elementary school teachers. 4. Teachers with length of practice above twenty years visit gardens other than Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague and the Botanical Garden in Prague Troja less than teachers with length of practice under twenty years. The thesis summarizes basic information about the field trip as an organizational form. The thesis also deals with the Botanical Garden of faculty of science Charles University in Prague, its collections, history, and possibilities of using in schools.
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Selection of Appropriate Forms of Financing Housing
Kubíček, Michal ; Dvořáková, Radka (referee) ; Meluzín, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on options financing living in the Czech Republic. Firstly, there are described some basic terms and concepts which can be relised in immediate contact with this topic. Next part of the thesis describes some forms of living financing. For certain type of investor there were suggested some choices of financing hoousing, there are in short described. In following part there are mendioned individua advantages and disadvantages, icluding the suggestion.
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Impact of territorial system of ecological stability on stabilizing functions in landscape
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Radka
The fields in farming landscape were united to lerge areas in the last 50 years. The balks were ploughed up and their disappearance contributed to the significant loss of biodiversity. Nowadays attepmts are being made to restore the complex agricultural landscape. The creation of territorial system of ecological stability started. Planting biocorridors is a part of this system. Biocorridor is a linear element, consisting of trees and shrubs, which divides large fields. Such non-crop habitats have large positive impact on surrounding landscape. They can also act as refuges for the insect pest. Exapmle is the bird cherry, Prunus padus, a winter host of a cereal pest aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. In the work the positive and negative effects of TSES are analysed. The important part of the work was to explore, whether the presence of Prunus padus affects the abundance of aphid in adjacent fields. The relatively newly planted biocorridor in Sedlec u Českých Budějovic was used for the work. Based on the results, the suggestions for planting of biocorridors were made, in order to avoid negative effects of spread of this aphid pest species.
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