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Cotton Industry and the Civil War in the USA
Tomeš, Pavel ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The topic of this work is production of raw cotton in USA before the civil war. Cotton growing is typical industry, in which slave labour has been used. Cotton production in the second half of 19th century was important industry worldwide. This is the reason why I use this industry to analyze slavery. Some slaves had higher level of nourishment than some free labourers in the North. This is the reason why I focus on calculation of costs, which were paid for use a slave labour. I make a cost analysis of cotton production and I also calculate income of this production. In opposite this situation I create a hypothetical model situation. In this model would plantation owners employ free labourers. Results of this model I compare with costs of war which were paid by South. This way I figure out motivations for South to make war and defend slavery. By analytic method and theoretical model I gain better picture of slave plantations and importance of slavery for whole southern economy. JEL classification N310, N410, N510, J230, J320
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The Effect of the Great Depression on the Czechoslovak export
Hájková, Laura ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is the effects of the Great Depression on the Czechoslovak export. Its consequences reflected in the thirties, not only in territorial and commodity structure, but also in the trade policy of Czechoslovakia. In my thesis I focus briefly on the foreign trade, which despite the obstacles associated with the newly established state, developer quite satisfactorily. The main section of the thesis is the Czechoslovak export in thirties, where I analyse trade policy and the structure of domestic export. The impetus for the changes in trade policy and actions of the Czechoslovak Government in the thirties was Great Depression that hit the entire world market. These steps should have had a stimulating effect on domestic export, but its impact was at least debatable. Furthermore, the Great Depression caused significant changes not only in the commodity structure, which had to adapt to completely changed demand, but also in the territorial structure, when the interest in non-European markets generally increased.
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The economic education in the 50s of the 20th century
Halíková, Petra ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the topic of the economic education in the 50s of the 20th century. The issue is analyzed on the example of the University of Economics in Prague. The establishment of the University of Economics became an important milestone for the economic education in Czechoslovakia. The University of Economics was established in 1953 on the basis of the governmental regulation from 19th August 1952 No. 40/1952 Coll. regarding another changes in the organization of universities. It was stated that the studies would be for four years and the students would be able to choose from five faculties. This school was set up after the previous difficult development on the ground of the universities. The establishment of the University of Economics forewent cancelation, renaming and the establishment of different universities. These universities also concentrated on schooling in the area of economics. The legacy of the University of Economics can be seen in the continuity to the venerable University of Commerce, which belonged among the successful universities in our state. Furthermore, it undoubtedly helped to develop the origins of economics as a branch of science. The schooling on the universities in the 50s was influenced by Marxist-Leninist ideology, which was perceived as general truth at the time. The aim of the thesis is to clarify whether the University of Economics contributed to the development of the economic education in the 50s. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of the applied methodology. The applied methodology is a collection of knowledge - a social history. Moreover, there are discussed institutions and legislations foregoing the establishment of the University of Economics. In the practical part of the thesis is described the state of economics as a science in the 50s in Czechoslovakia and the importance of Marxism-Leninism and political economics for economy. In addition, there is outlined the development of economics as science during a certain period of time.
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Karel Havlicek Borovsky founder of Czech economic thought? Ppart of the history of Czech economic thought
Brožek, Jan ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of my paper is a critical examination of the thesis, held by Czech public professionals, that Karel Havlíček Borovský was the founder of Czech economic thinking. I begin with the premise that Havlíček was primarily an economic journalist with a basic knowledge of liberal thinking, which he wanted to interpret for the general Czech public in his articles, in order to familiarize the upcoming "Czech national movement" with the basics of economic theory. Based on the methodology of the History of Ideas, I want to show how liberalism looked in the Czech region of the 19th Century, to focus on the social stratification of Czech society and illustrate the difference between a scientist and journalist. In my work, I want to not only deal with That Havlíček wrote in his texts, but would also like to take into account an analysis of the interests of the "Czech national movement" in the 19th Century.
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Vybavenost československých domácností domácími spotřebiči v šedesátých letech 20. století
Sedlmajerová, Jana ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
My dissertation deals with the progress of consumer society in the 60th of 20th century in the Czechoslovakia. At the beginning of my work i try to theory of consumer society, everydayness and the free time in czechoslovak society. My aim is equipment of electric apparatus in the families and their importance for women's work in households. Especially I reply the questions, where and how the apparatus were sold, how was the quality of them and how much apparatus saved women's jobs. I analyse the availability of those apparatus for consumers/users. I compare amount, prices and design of home appliances in Czechoslovakia and abroad. My dissertation is based on the fact that in 60th of 20th century was very big increase of refrigerators, automatic washing machines, irons, hoovers, hairdryers, televisions and next smaller home appliances. I compare this growth with countries of Western Europe. My dissertation is based on studium of specialized monographs, articles and studies of czech and english provenance. But I also use the unpublished sources of institucional and personal characters (Archive of the National Technical Museum, the National Museum Archive
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Production and distribution of Czechoslovak trams in the eighties of twentieth century
Daniel, Josef ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This paper focuses on the situation at the ČKD -- Tatra Smíchov plant during the nineteen eighties. It reacts to the situation where this topic is the subject of technical and popular literature. My desire is to look more deeply into the matter and to expand on this information from an economic-financial point of view. The paper briefly examines the origins and activities of the business, then the situation in the 1980s is described and analysed in greater detail. The focus of analysis is directed primarily on export to the Soviet Union and the influence this had on the product portfolio. Then the work looks at the construction of new premises. Afterwards, the effect of export on the domestic market is analysed, including for instance the mutual relations with the Prague Transport Corporation. The paper includes a history of the corporation in the words of and from the point of view of former staff members.
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The change of OPECs market power after the first oil shock
Celer, Martin ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
In 1973 the world was hit by first, intentional, oil shock. It was caused by relatively new organization OPEC which imposed trade embargo on some western countries supporting Israel during Jom Kipur war. This oil shock which had deep impact on global economics was in fact due to long lasting friction between recently founded OPEC and cartel of oil producing companies known as "Seven sisters". These companies and OPEC led mutual negotiations concerning purchasing oil prices. In this work I intend to analyze the changes of OPEC power following the first oil shock and to prove that this power has substantially increased. I will achieve this by analyzing relationships between both players on the oil market and literature sources concerning time period being in concern.
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"Slušovický zázrak" analysis
Paseka, Petr ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes a rapid economic growth of JZD Slušovice with a focus on the 80's, when the growth was the biggest and therefore it was called,,slusovicky miracle,,.The aim of the work is to determine the most important factors wich contributed to the success of the collective farm. If it was especially skillful, efective and modern way of managment, which the chairman of the collective farm ,,doc.Ing. Frantisek Cuba CSc., generally described as an active business system or it was the politic connections and it's benefits ,non-standard for that time, which played the main role. The thesis came to a conclusion that behind the extraordinary success of Slušovice stands, besides the undeniable leadership qualities, also the inclusion in the government supported experiment. It was unable to confirm nor refute whether JZD Slusovice was involved in that experiment based on specific political connections of František Čuba.
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Rationing in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1953
Petrák, Aleš ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This thesis is focused on the rationing in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1953. The thesis is divided into four main parts which correspond to the basic topics of the thesis. The first part is focused on the previous development. This part concludes that rationing systems in Czechoslovakia were quite similar to each other. The existence of captive market and "free" market at the same time was specific for rationing in the years 1949-53. The second section describes the positive public reception of this specific situation. The reduction of the black market is also mentioned. However this situation was not sustainable for a long time. Significant change of the system was made in 1952. Various proposals were made to unify the two markets. Dolanský's proposal is described as an example. However this proposal wasn't implemented due to the monetary reform in 1953. The existence of a captive market demonstrated problems in distribution. Christmas extra packages and shopping spree in 1950 are the examples of these problems. The last section describes abuse of rationing by the Communist Party for general persecution of specific social groups.
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Czechoslovak foreign trade 1945 - 1953
Merta, Ondřej ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of international trade in Czechoslovakia from the end of World War II to the period of "sovietization". The author will examine foreign trade during the first post war years. He will concentrate on international trade in Czechoslovakia during 1945 -- 1953, especially on the problem of restricting trade with West European countries and strengthening ties with the Eastern bloc. The contribution of this paper consists mainly of creating a compact view of Czechoslovakian foreign trade after World War II until the end of the first five year plan (after the communist revolution).
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