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Slags from copper processing at the Al Salili site, 2000 BC, Sultanate of Oman
Cseryová, Viktória ; Trubač, Jakub (advisor) ; Bursák, Daniel (referee)
Metallurgy in the Arab world has always been famous. Research is currently underway on the territory of Oman, which should reveal more details of the ore deposits that were used for the production of ancient artifacts. This work aims to describe appropriate methods that will allow us to gain insight into the secrets of processing copper deposits at the al-Ṣalaylī site in Oman. This bachelor thesis deals with the overall chemical and mineralogical composition of ancient copper metallurgical slags from the al-Ṣalaylī site in Oman (South-eastern Arabia). These slags can probably be dated in range from the Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age to Middle Islamic Period. This work aimed to characterize collected slag using a combination of optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microanalysis, it has been possible to determine the composition and describe the mineral phases in the slag and to determine the conditions of the prehistoric metallurgical process. The results of analysis indicated that the samples were pieces of tapped slag and furnace slag from a production of copper. Examined slags are mainly composed from Ca-Fe-Mg olivine and clinopyroxene filled with silicate glass and spinel. Copper either occurs as metallic phase with small Cu grains or is...
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The Settlement from the Site U silnice (Plaňany, District Kolín) in Context of the Surrounding Settlements of Roman Period
Volf, Jan ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bursák, Daniel (referee)
This thesis presents archaeological finds from the site "U silnice", in municipality Plaňany (district Kolín), where a settlement from roman period has been found during excavations in 2016 and 2017. An assemblage of excavated finds consists mostly of ceramic, animal bones and daub. The aim of the thesis is to describe qualitative and quantitative attributes of these finds. Results will be used to validate and compare properties of individual archaeological contexts. Main goal is to place the site into regional network of settlements and cemeteries from roman period. Potential of the site rises from the fact that it is the only settlement from roman period excavated by modern methods in the region and therefore it represents a valuable source of new information. Keywords (a. j.): Roman period; Settlement; Archaeological Sites; Pottery; Typology
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New evidence of settlement in the area of Prague in the older Roman-barbaric period
Bursák, Daniel ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor) ; Břicháček, Václav (referee)
Represented study briefly reports about actual results of archaeological research of the older part of roman-barbaric period (end of 1. cent. BC - 2. cent. AD) that had been performed in an area of contemporary Prague. In this times Bohemia was, as known from the classical authors (G. I. Caesar, C. Tacitus, G. V. Paterculus), settled by Germanic tribes called Hermunduri and Marcomanni. In the area of Prague a lot of evidence of their settlements and graves could be found, that we can believe that this space was relatively widely occupied. The settlements refer, beside the density of inhabitation, also to the major prosecuted crafts, such as iron metallurgy and pottery production. It seems, that the area of Prague was one of the major (or today best archeologically researched) iron producing centre in Bohemia, witch was enabled by well available high quality iron ore. The graves tell us more about the society and its stratification, witch looks to be relatively high in this period.
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Research potential of copper deposits in the prehistory of Bohemia
Mladý, Tomáš ; Frank Danielisová, Alžběta (advisor) ; Bursák, Daniel (referee)
(in English) The aim of this thesis is to present potential ways of studying regions with copper deposits in Bohemia that could indicate the possibility of prehistoric mining and smelting of copper in this area. This thesis describes methods of studying areas and artefacts in Bohemia and in the world. In a few regions which are selected from the database of copper occurrences according to J. Kratochvíl, the convenient methods for potential surveying and researching the area are presented afterwards. Apart from geographic location and history of regions, historical sources are used for distinguishing prehistoric and recent mining workings. Moreover, these sources help to determine the former extend of copper deposits.
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Self-representation of the social elites in the La Tène period
Lorencová, Kateřina ; Frank Danielisová, Alžběta (advisor) ; Bursák, Daniel (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on socioeconomic models of society in the La Tène temperate Europe, created on the basis of archaeological manifestation of the social structures of that time and the expression of elites. The aim of the work is to explore the theoretical basis for the creation of social models and evaluate the relevance of individual theories in light of the current state of research on the Early Iron Age. Key words social organization; elites; luxurious items; Europe; La Tène culture
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The Settlement from the Site U silnice (Plaňany, District Kolín) in Context of the Surrounding Settlements of Roman Period
Volf, Jan ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bursák, Daniel (referee)
This thesis presents archaeological finds from the site "U silnice", in municipality Plaňany (district Kolín), where a settlement from roman period has been found during excavations in 2016 and 2017. An assemblage of excavated finds consists mostly of ceramic, animal bones and daub. The aim of the thesis is to describe qualitative and quantitative attributes of these finds. Results will be used to validate and compare properties of individual archaeological contexts. Main goal is to place the site into regional network of settlements and cemeteries from roman period. Potential of the site rises from the fact that it is the only settlement from roman period excavated by modern methods in the region and therefore it represents a valuable source of new information. Keywords (a. j.): Roman period; Settlement; Archaeological Sites; Pottery; Typology
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Tuchlovice mikroregion in the latène and Roman period
Bursák, Daniel ; Salač, Vladimír (advisor) ; Košnar, Lubomír (referee)
This submitted thesis summarizes archaeological data about Iron Age and roman period settlement activity in the area of Tuchlovický potok downstream. Main focus is given to the elaboration of archaeological excavations, which were carried out in the years 1967 and 1968 by A. Knor and J. Zeman. The excavations followed up a large drain trench between Tuchlovice and Srby (district Kladno, Central Bohemia), where K. Motyková detected in the year 1966 the rests of roman period settlement with organic finds. Thirteen probes unearthed relatively widely spread rests of settlement, which was probably buried by a flood. The analysis of pottery sherds allows dating of the excavated settlement mainly to the 1.st century AD. Sampled wooden finds were submitted to dendrochronological surveys, but the recorded tree ring curve didn't match any so far known. Most important finds are a part of wooden fence and a piece from composite wooden jar. Other wooden artifacts and finds do not allow any functional interpretation. The research carried pointed to a great potential of this site for answering a wide spectrum of questions about prehistorical settlement sites and their relation to environment. The excavations also brought some rarely found organic finds like pollen, rests of plants and some other.
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New evidence of settlement in the area of Prague in the older Roman-barbaric period
Bursák, Daniel ; Břicháček, Václav (referee) ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor)
Represented study briefly reports about actual results of archaeological research of the older part of roman-barbaric period (end of 1. cent. BC - 2. cent. AD) that had been performed in an area of contemporary Prague. In this times Bohemia was, as known from the classical authors (G. I. Caesar, C. Tacitus, G. V. Paterculus), settled by Germanic tribes called Hermunduri and Marcomanni. In the area of Prague a lot of evidence of their settlements and graves could be found, that we can believe that this space was relatively widely occupied. The settlements refer, beside the density of inhabitation, also to the major prosecuted crafts, such as iron metallurgy and pottery production. It seems, that the area of Prague was one of the major (or today best archeologically researched) iron producing centre in Bohemia, witch was enabled by well available high quality iron ore. The graves tell us more about the society and its stratification, witch looks to be relatively high in this period.
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Education and presentation of archaeological cultural heritage: certified methodology
Mikešová, Veronika ; Opatrná, Marie ; Urbanová, Kristýna ; Valentová, Jarmila ; Košta, Jiří ; Bursák, Daniel ; Vélová, Lucie ; Belaňová, Petra
V úvodních kapitolách metodiky jsou přehledně vysvětlena základní témata, týkající se prezentace a edukace archeologického kulturního dědictví spolu s určením uživatelů, kteří mohou z metodiky čerpat. Metodika se dotýká nejen kulturních a historických aspektů prezentace a edukace, ale také aspektů pedagogických, které se snaží zohledňovat a osvětlovat jejich uplatnění v archeologii. Vlastní metodické postupy, jakými osvědčenými způsoby lze provádět prezentaci a edukaci archeologického kulturního dědictví, jsou pak uvedeny v kapitole 5. Metodika práce s veřejností. Jelikož se metodika zabývá archeologickým kulturním dědictvím a konkrétními postupy, jak ho prezentovat veřejnosti a zlepšovat její vztah k němu, je důležité si nejprve uvést základní myšlenky a fakta, která se archeologického kulturního dědictví a nakládání s ním týkají, a z nichž metodika mimo jiné vychází.
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New Roman Period settlement finds from Prague-Kbely
Malyková, Drahomíra ; Bursák, D. ; Pecinovská, Monika
Presented rescue excavations took place in north-eastern part of Prague in the year 2007 within the parish of Prague-Kbely. Most of the features and artifacts belong to the Bronze Age and the late Iron Age. In this contribution authors focus only on the part of archaeological record that brought some evidence on settlement activities datable to the Roman Period. Approximately a half of the artifacts come from eight sunken features, the other part was found widespread in the wide unstratified layer, so any house or farmstead layout is hardly recognizable. Among the common pottery sherds that belong typologically to the end of 2nd-4th Century AD and bear typical signs of Germanic pottery were found also some finds of Roman-provincial provenience. Due to the small dimensions and absence of more detailed typological traces is hard to say something more concrete about these in Bohemia rarely found artifacts. Important finds also present the metallic artifacts, mostly from 2nd and 3rd Century AD.
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