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The trade between Czech Republic and China: An investigation of Comparative Advantages.
Huang, Jiali ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
This thesis explores the comparative advantages between the Czech Republic and China in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the "14+1" framework. The ongoing implementation of these initiatives suggests a potential increase in trade volume between the two countries. Currently, China is the fourth largest trading partner of the Czech Republic, although it also contributes to the highest trade deficit for Czechia in 2022. The Czech Republic constitutes a small portion of China's overall trade but remains the second-largest trading partner among the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC). The main focus of the trade between the Czech Republic and China is machinery and transport equipment(SITC7 or HS84-87), which has been observed consistently between 2010 and 2021. By calculating the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, this thesis reveals that both Czechia and China have competitiveness in these sectors. Furthermore, the Grubel-Lloyd index highlights a remarkable trade complementary relationship between the two study objects under this category. Applying the trade gravity model, this thesis uncovers that bilateral trade flow between Czechia and its trading partners is proportional to their population, the GDP of Czechia and its partners, and the common border....
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Trade relations between USA and China during Trump's presidency
Skuratov, Alexandr ; Tesař, Jakub (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis will analyse the impact of Donald Trump as the President of the United States on trade with China during his office, comparing it to Barack Obama and Joseph Biden's terms. The paper will look at both the political and economic consequences of Trump's actions and decisions, together with the response to them from the Chinese side. The Trade War, together with other Trump's economic decisions towards Asia, resulted in tensions which led to a partial loss of the United States' position in that region and a worsening of relations with China. With the help of the comparative analysis method, the research concludes that Trump had an enormous impact on trade with China but the same external factors as Covid-19 also heavily influenced it. The paper argues that the political ideas which each President adopts were also one of the primary reasons for changes in the trade, both positive and negative. The person in charge of the state is pushing the trade relationship in one way or another, even if he does not possess complete control of the economics.
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Ethical and Political Implications of Thomas Piketty's Work on Economic Inequality
Miledova, Linda ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
French Economist Thomas Piketty, through a study of history and empirical data from different cultures and generations, argues that economic inequality, today, is not a natural outcome of the free market but has deeper roots. Piketty, indeed, asserts, through his extensive analysis of political systems and ideologies, that the trajectory of income inequality depends heavily on the power exercised by the state and other politically-motivated groups that aim to execute their personal agendas at the cost of the rest of society, namely, middle and lower classes. A historical and comparative analysis between various nations and how they justified inequalities in their governments shows that these gaps are politically driven. The results of a colonial eras and the wars are pure proof that inequalities are intentional and certain groups make sure that some countries and classes suffer from poverty for further control and power. Piketty claims that this status quo has become unsustainable and that global legislative changes ought to be implemented to reduce the gap between the rich minorities and lower classes. The French author proposes a progressive wealth tax that would impose higher taxes on wealthier individuals with capitals and assets. The revenues from these taxes will be used to better public...
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Grants as a foreign policy instrument to promote democratic values in Central Europe: The case of EEA and Norway Grants
Harvik-Wright, Eira Cornelia ; Young, Mitchell (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis looks at how a nation outside the EU, but inside EFTA, reacts to the illiberal changes and democratic backlashes in Poland and Hungary. To do so, it has looked at how particularly Norway positions itself in response to the said developments. The work undergone in this paper aims at contributing to the very scarcely covered topic of EEA and Norway Grants, which until this day continues to receive very little attention academically. The paper's research question is "How does Norway, through the EEA and Norway Grants, attempt to promote liberal democratic values in Central Europe?" To find evidence of how Norway aims at promoting liberal democratic values abroad, case studies on the EEA and Norway Grants in Poland and Hungary have been conducted. These two were chosen for several reasons but mainly summarised due to being objects of harsh critique both by the EU and by EFTA. Data and information were largely collected through a qualitative literature review of official reports and articles, and through talks with respective advisors. This thesis finds that Norway is attempting to promote liberal democratic values in Central Europe and that negotiations and signed agreements between Norway and Poland and Hungary serve more as an effective foreign policy tool to promote the liberal...
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Changes in the Ukrainian international trade after the Crimea annexation. Reorientation from the Russian Federation to the EU
Rakiv, Nadiia ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis is mainly focusing on the international trade tendency of Ukraine after the annexation of Crimea and the military intervention of Russia in the Don- bas region. Specifically, this work examines the changes in the Ukraine-Russia trade dimension and reorientation of Ukraine from Russia to the EU Partnership. Therefore, the role of the Donbas region, which used to be deeply integrated into the supply chains of Russian companies, is crucial to analyze. The prepared re- view of Ukrainian international trade agreements with Russia and other countries, specifically focusing on the changes of the main partners during the last years, is presented to emphasis the actuality of this thesis topic. This work is based on the comparison of patterns of Ukrainian foreign trade before and after the annexation of Crimea, with the further effects of the exten- sion towards European economics. The understanding of Crimea, the history of the peninsula and its inhabitants, the Crimean Tatars, is initially reviewed and covered. From Soviet genocide to Putin's Conquest (2016) publication was an essential resource. Russia and the West After the Ukrainian Crisis: European vulnerabilities to Russian pressure, Radar corporation (2017) research was used as a basis of the Ukraine-Russia relations and consequences it...
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Analysis of the Effects of Sri Lankan 1977 External Economic Liberalization Policy on Foreign Direct Investment
Tennakoon, Senya Nimsari ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
The Synthetic Control Method (SCM) provides the comparative case-study evaluation on Sri Lanka and other 18 countries in this research paper. The external economic liberalization policy implemented in 1977 has significant changes in the Inward Foreign Direct Investments in the state. Focusing on the 18 countries, the methodology is being carried out comparing the Inward Foreign Direct Investment towards the level of countries without similar pre- treatment characteristics and liberalization policy effect. The final results show that there is a positive impact of the inward foreign direct investments towards the economic growth through the external economic liberalization policy. Additionally, we identified global and domestic economic shocks affecting the late 20th century international trade and foreign direct investments. The methodology performed successfully through a gradual increase in foreign direct investments in the results which was developed towards the policy suggestions.
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