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Analysis of selected localities suitability for freshwater pearl mussel young stages in upper stretch of Vltava River
Myslivečková, Lenka ; Bílý, Michal (advisor) ; Alena, Alena (referee)
In the river basins of Teplá Vltava and Blanice in Šumava, samples of floating and deposited detritus were taken for the purpose of their physical and chemical analysis with the goal to identify suitable stations for the growth and development of juvenile specimen of freshwater pearl mussels. 6 locations in total were examined (5 in the river basin of Teplá Vltava, 1 in the river basin of Blanice) where bio-indicator tests were also conducted. In all these locations, samples were taken 3 times during the month of July and, in 1 location, once a month in the period from June to November. In the samples, the amount of Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, the proportion of organic component and the ratio C/N were determined. This analysis showed that short-term oscillations of the composition of detritus correlate, regarding their span, with seasonal changes. The dependence of such seasonal changes of detritus on the extent of the river flow rate was not proved. Differences in the amount of organic component, K, Mg, and the ratio C/N between floating and deposited detritus were found. In terms of qualitative composition, both types of detritus varied in the amounts of plant and inorganic particles. In comparison with available results from springs in the area of Blanice, the detritus from rivers differed significantly from the detritus originating in springs in the presence of faecal pellets, amorphous matter and plant particles.
The growth of freshwater pearl mussels was dependent on the water temperature in the river, a dependence on the tested parameters of detritus was not proved, varying trends, however, were discovered (e.g. higher content of P, better growth). Water temperature showed to be dependent on the horizontal profile: water temperature rises with the direction of the water flow and the content of organic component in the detritus decreases with the direction of the water flow. Other trends in the horizontal profile were discovered as well but they were not proved statistically. Based on biological indicators, the locality of Ovesná (the lowest point down the river Teplá Vltava) was assessed to be the most suitable station.
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Numbers and survival of diving duck broods in fishpond systems in South Bohemia
Čehovská, Markéta ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Bílý, Michal (referee)
This paper is aimed at investigation of numbers of broods and ducklings of diving ducks and the individual reproductive success of marked females expressed by survival of ducklings. The studied area was located in fishpond systems of South Bohemian in the region of Třeboň, Soběslav, Jindřichův Hradec and České Budějovice. Between years 2014 and 2015, there were recorded 139 broods and 963 ducklings of Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), 140 broods and 948 ducklings of Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula) and 47 broods and 312 ducklings of Red-crested Pochard (Netta rufina). The most important environmental factor influencing their occurrence on the fishpond was water transparency. Brood numbers and numbers of ducklings are affected also by other environmental characteristics, such as water surface area, mean depth, number of islands and presence of surrounding wetlands and open landscape.
Monitoring individually marked females Common Pochard and Tufted Duck was carried out between years 2004 and 2015. It was found that the survival rate is the lowest in the hatchlings (from 1 to 10 day after hatching), overall survival probability was 0.395 for Common Pochard ducklings and 0.383 for Tufted Duck ducklings. Survival was negatively correlated with distance of duckling movements. The most frequent movements were within 2 km from the breeding fishpond, the maximum distance passed by broods was 5 km. The impact of environmental factors and intraspecific differences on surviving ducklings was not confirmed.
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Liquid Flow Measurement
Bilý, Michal ; Zuth, Daniel (referee) ; Vdoleček, František (advisor)
This thesis deals with the liquid flow measurement. It briefly describes basic terms related to the measurement of liquid flow and the principles of selected flowmeters. Then it focuses on design and assembly of the measuring apparatus, which approximates practical flow measurement.
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Výzkum a ochrana hydrosféry - výzkum vztahů a procesů ve vodní složce životního prostředí‚ orientovaný na vliv antropogenních tlaků‚ její trvalé užívání a ochranu‚ včetně legislativních nástrojů: Společenstva a organismy
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Kokeš, Jiří ; Bílý, Michal ; Desortová, Blanka ; Slavík, Ondřej
Sumarizace metodických výstupů a výsledků z let 2006-2007. Použití fytoplanktonu jako bioindikátoru kvality tekoucích vod s ohledem na dynamiku průtoku, obsah živin a vývoj klimatických změn. Využití společenstev ryb, především jejich prostorových a reprodukčních nároků za různých geomorfologických podmínek, pro popis stavu a předpověď vývoje ekosystémů tekoucích vod. Zhodnocení výskytu zvláště chráněných druhů organismů (např. mlžů a korýšů), sledování změn početnosti jejich populací a tvorba záchranných programů pro jejich další zachování v ekosystému tekoucích vod. Vyhodnocení společenstev makrozoobentosu v podélném profilu říční sítě ČR, určení mikrobiálních společenstev různě znečištěných povrchových vod na základě jejich fylogenetické odlišnosti (metoda FISH) a rozvoj molekulárních metod v mikrobiologii vody.
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Výzkum a ochrana hydrosféry - výzkum vztahů a procesů ve vodní složce životního prostředí‚ orientovaný na vliv antropogenních tlaků‚ její trvalé užívání a ochranu‚ včetně legislativních nástrojů: Společenstva a organismy
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Kokeš, Jiří ; Bílý, Michal ; Desortová, Blanka ; Slavík, Ondřej
Použití fytoplanktonu jako bioindikátoru kvality tekoucích vod s ohledem na dynamiku průtoku, obsah živin a vývoj klimatických změn. Využití společenstev ryb, především jejich prostorových a reprodukčních nároků za různých geomorfologických podmínek, pro popis stavu a předpověď vývoje ekosystémů tekoucích vod. Zhodnocení výskytu zvláště chráněných druhů organismů (např. mlžů a korýšů), sledování změn početnosti jejich populací a tvorba záchranných programů pro jejich další zachování v ekosystému tekoucích vod. Vyhodnocení společenstev makrozoobentosu v podélném profilu říční sítě ČR, určení mikrobiálních společenstev různě znečištěných povrchových vod na základě jejich fylogenetické odlišnosti (metoda FISH) a rozvoj molekulárních metod v mikrobiologii vody.
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Fytoplankton aluviálních tůní
Pithart, David ; Kylbergerová, Magdalena ; Pechar, Libor ; Hrbáček, Jaroslav ; Fiala, Dan ; Bílý, Michal ; Rulík, M.
Phytoplankton of alluvial pools at Lužnice alluvium have been investigated by following methodological approaches: seasonal course of phytoplankton in two pools, extensive sampling (quarterly) of 30 pools, and phytoplankton diurnal vertical migration studies in several pools. Prevailing dominance of phytoflagellates, especially Cryptophyceae and Euglenophyceae and low contribution of coccal forms as Chlorococcales and Cyanophyte has been found as a main feature of phytoplankton community. This is caused by poor mixing of water column (large relative depth, wind protectio), where th ecoccal forms sediment out and are outcompeted by motile forms, able to determinate the position within the water column.
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Jak lze měřit relativní zastínění tůní
Bílý, Michal ; Pithart, David
Three mezotrophic flooded quarries were studied for stratification and phytoplankton vertical distribution, one also for diurnal vertical migration. Flagellates dominated at all localities, at the boundary between oxic and anoxic zone there were Cryptomonas spp. dominated assemblages occupying narrow water layers.
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