|
|
Time series analysis of the waste water flow in the pressure sewer
Ambrož, Martin ; Beránek, Josef (referee) ; Ručka, Jan (advisor)
This Bachelor Work is describing the time series analysis of outlet from pressure waste water sewerage and detailed statistic data evaluation in village Štěpánovice. In terms of this Work there were realized detailed evaluation of measured time series of flow by 5 minutes in 4 calendar months. Data evaluation was realized by software programme STATISTICA and MS EXCEL with output to determination of an average and maximal daily flow, maximal and minimal hourly flow and coefficient of non-uniformity. At the same time there was found out with statistic probability number of simultaneous running pumps of pressure sewerage of Štěpánovice village.
|
|
| |
|
|
Effect of dexamethasone on ABCB1 and CYP3A4 expression in human precision-cut intestinal slices
Podhorná, Pavla ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Pavla Podhorná Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivan Vokřál, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Effect of dexamethasone on ABCB1 and CYP3A4 expression in human precision-cut intestinal slices Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-allergic effects. The mechanism of dexamethasone action involves its ability to bind to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, which are present in many types of cells, including intestinal mucosal cells. Upon binding to these receptors, it translocates to the nucleus of the cells and affects gene expression. This mechanism also affects the expression of genes important for the metabolism and transport of xenobiotics in the intestinal mucosa. The most important such genes include ABCB1, an important intestinal transporter, and CYP3A4, a significant biotransformationenzyme.Their localizationinthe wall of the small intestine can significantlyaffect the absorptionof orallyadministereddrugs.Studyingdrug interactions with this transporter and biotransformation enzyme is important for safe and effective pharmacotherapy. To determine whether dexamethasone affects the expression of these genes in the intestinal barrier,we used the method of...
|
|
| |
|
|
The effect of flubendazole and mebendazole on epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Hochmalová, Martina ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Martina Hochmalová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Consultant: RNDr. Věra Králová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of flubendazole and mebendazole on the epithelial- mesenchymal transition. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which a non-motile epithelial cell switches to motile mesenchymal phenotype. This phenomenon is typical for multiple biological processes including cancer metastases. It could be induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) which is produced by cancer cells and which regulates its key transcription factors including SNAIL, ZEB and TWIST. EMT involves a series of defined events mediated by microtubules, including changes in cell shape and migration into the surrounding tissue. Based on these findings we suppose that the inhibition of tubulin polymerization could prevent the EMT process therefore cell migration and also cancer metastases. In our experiments, the effect of anthelminitic drugs flubendazole (FLU) and mebendazole (MBZ) on TGF-β-induced EMT in dysplastic oral keratinocytes was tested in vitro. Expression of molecules involved in EMT process was examined on microRNA and mRNA level using RT-PCR. The protein level of EMT...
|
|
|
Liver slices - model system for studying the effect of sesquiterpenes on detoxifying enzymes
Slavíčková, Zlata ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Zlata Slavíčková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Liver slices - model system for studying the effect of sesquiterpenes on detoxifying enzymes Sesquiterpenes are naturally occurring substances, mainly in higher plants as secondary metabolites. Together with monoterpenes, represent the main components of plant essential oils. Sesquiterpenes are biologically active compounds, among their biological activities belong anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, antibacterial and antimycotic effects. The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out the influence of three structurally similar acyclic sesquiterpenes cis-nerolidol, trans-nerolidol, and farnesol on the activity of selected biotransformation enzymes - aldo-keto reductase (AKR1A1, AKR1C9), carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B, CYP3A), sulfotransferase (SULT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) in rat liver. The influence of sesquiterpenes on selected enzymes was studied in precision-cut liver slices. The precision-cut tissue slices were obtained from rat liver (Rattus norvegicus, tribe...
|
|
|
The effect of flubendazole on the efficacy of paclitaxel in brest cancer cells
Vítovcová, Barbora ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Barbora Vítovcová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of flubendazole on the efficacy of paclitaxel in breast cancer cells Flubendazole (FLU) is a common anthelmintic drug for veterinary and human use. Its molecular mechanism of action is based on binding to β-tubulin subunit of microtubules. FLU was previously identified to have antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of FLU on antiproliferative efficacy of paclitaxel (PTX) in breast cancer cells. For this study, three breast cancer cell lines were used - non-metastatic line MCF-7 and two metastatic cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-474. The effects of FLU, PTX and FLU + PTX combination on viability of the cells (determined using WST-1 analysis) and on the expression of molecules involved in cell adhesion, migration and proliferation on mRNA (RT-PCR analysis) and protein levels (western blotting) were studied and compared. The activity of caspases after PTX and FLU treatment was evaluated using luminescence measurement. FLU has significant antiproliferative effect in all tested cell lines. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 have been shown as the most sensitive to PTX and FLU treatment....
|
|
|
Sesquiterpenes in cancer therapy
Ambrož, Martin ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hodek, Petr (referee) ; Souček, Pavel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Martin Ambrož Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Sesquiterpenes in cancer therapy. Chemotherapy is an important part of treatment of cancer. Currently, the use of several anticancer drugs in combination seem to be more advantageous. This combination therapy prevents drug resistance development and make it possible to lower the doses of single drugs, which prevents the side effects in non-cancerous tissues. Large pool of potential drugs for combination therapy can be found among natural compounds, for example among sesquiterpenes. Our project was designed to evaluate the effect of Myrica rubra essential oil (MEO) and selected sesquiterpenes in combination cancer therapy. We focused on the potential ability of MEO and sesquiterpenes to increase the antiproliferative efficacy of classical cytostatics (doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil). In addition, we also studied the possible interaction of sesquiterpenes with other drugs in combination therapy, which could be caused by sesquiterpene-mediated modulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes. For these purposes, a panel of various cell lines (both cancerous and non-cancerous) and primary culture of hepatocytes...
|
|
|
Effect of camphor isomers on the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in human liver cells
Ondřejová, Michaela ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Michaela Smolíková, DiS. Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Advisor: Mgr. Michaela Šadibolová Title of diploma thesis: Effect of camphor isomers on the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in human liver cells Camphor is a cyclic ketone from the group of monoterpenes. Two camphor isomers occur in nature. Currently, camphor is used as an antiseptic, analgesic, rubefacients, and anti- inflammatorydrug. Camphor is sed mainly in preparations for topical use, where it has a mild anesthetic effect and a feelingof warmth together with its characteristicallystrong fresh scent. Most camphor intoxications are caused by improper use or dosing. The aim of the diploma thesis was to determine the effect of isomers (+)-camphor and (-)-camphor on the expression of selected phase I and II biotransformation enzymes. The precision-cut human liver slices prepared from a total of three patients, two men and one woman at the age range of 46 - 49 years,were used as biological material.Liver slices were incubatedwith10 µM and 50 µM (+)- camphor and (-)-camphor for 24hours at 37řC. Proteinexpressionof phase I (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, CYP2C, aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3), and phase II enzymes...
|
|
|
Molecular mechanisms of cancer cells resistance to anticancer therapy
Koropecká, Magdalena ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Ambrož, Martin (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Science Title, Name, Surname of candidate: Magdalena Koropecká Title, Name, Surname of tutor: doc. PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Title of Bachelor thesis: Molecular mechanisms of cancer cells resistance to anticancer therapy Tumor resistance is still the most common reason for the failure of anticancer therapy. The presented bachelor thesis serves as a summary of professional articles dealing with individual mechanisms of resistance of cancer cells to anticancer therapy. Selected mechanisms are described in detail, namely drug inactivation, alteration of drug targets, decreased drug uptake into the cell, increased drug efflux from the cell, repair of damaged DNA, inhibition of the cell death, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, and epigenetic effects. Studying and understanding these mechanisms taking place in tumor cells is crucial for selecting the right treatment and for its success.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.