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Diagnostic protocol for Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight
Kokošková, B. ; Mráz, Ivan
The aim of this methodology is optimized diagnostic protocol for detection and determination of the causal agent of fire blight, quarantine bacterium E. amylovora. The disease causes high economic losses in plantations of pome-fruit trees and susceptible ornamental plants, in particular in Crataegus sp. and Cotoneaster sp. Diagnostic protocol is based on a combination of both optimized techniques utilizing different principles of action: immunochemical (immunofluorescent test) and molecular (polymerase chain reaction). The submitted diagnostic protocol alows to eliminate potential false negatives and positives and ensure the highest reliability of results. Specific and timely detection of E. amylovora alows effective application of plant protection measures.
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Methodology of hop latent viroid (HLVd) diagnostics
Svoboda, P. ; Patzak, J. ; Matoušek, Jaroslav
Viroids belong to the pathogens, which cause important economic losses in quality and quantity of hop cones. Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) as a perennial crop generally grown for nearly twenty years at the same site is seriously endangered by viroid infection. A foolproof diagnostics of viroid infection is necessary for the assessment of healthy state in hop plants.Molecular hybridization (dot-blot) and RT-PCR methods enable a reliable determination of latent hop viroid (HLVd). The methodology consists of the diagnostics as well as its utilization within the evaluation of hop healthy state.
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Diagnostic method for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, the causal agent of bacterial wilt of tomato
Kokošková, B. ; Mráz, Ivan ; Fousek, Jan
The aim of this methodology was optimize detection and determination of quarantine bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, the causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato, The disease causes high ecomomic losses in main production areas on indeterminate greenhouse and fi eld tomatoes. Methodology is based on a combination of both optimized techniques utilizing different principles of action: immunochemical (IF) and molecular (PCR). The submitted diagnostic protocol alows to eliminate potential false negatives and positives and ensure the highest reliability of results. Specific and timely detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis will alow effective aplication of plant protection mesures.
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Cultivated and wild growing forage crops – reservoirs of viruses and phytoplasmas
Fránová, Jana ; Petrzik, Karel ; Jakešová, H. ; Bečková, M. ; Sarkisova, Tatiana
Symptoms of mosaic, yellowing/reddening, phyllody, necrosis and dwarf have been observed in cultivated as well as wild growing forage crops. Red clover mottle virus (RCMV, Comovirus), clover yellow vein virus (Potyvirus), potato virus X, white clover mosaic virus (WClMV, Potexvirus), alfalfa latent and pea streak viruses (Carlavirus), new members of genus Cytorhabdovirus and Carlavirus were identified by sequencing. Bacilliform particles (ca 213 – 533 nm by 44 – 58 nm) of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, WClMV, alfalfa mosaic virus (Alfamovirus) and particles resembling members of the genus Badnavirus were observed on negatively stained preparations and ultrathin sections by electron microscopy and mechanically transmitted to host plants. WClMV, RCMV, bean yellow mosaic virus and new member of Potyviridae family were determined in wild growing plants. The occurrence of phytoplasmas belonging to different 16S ribosomal subgroups was confirmed (16SrI-B, 16SrI-C, 16SrX-A, 16SrXII-A).
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