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Negative-Phase-Sequence Protection of Generator
Babík, Peter ; Novotný, Jan (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effect of unbalanced load on a generator and principles of its protection. At first the characterization of operating failures and generator's abnormalities are described. Further the analysis of unbalance in electric system and its effect on the generator is presented, especially the effect of negative phase sequence on the armature. The end of the theoretical section deals with the principles of unbalanced load protection. In the practical part the punctual characterization of used apparatus is presented, namely the machine terminal REM 543 and a tester Omicron CMC 353. Furthermore the individual settings of each apparatus are discussed along with the testing of chosen negative phase sequence protection.
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Testing of Control and Logic Functions of Feeder Terminal
Kaplanová, Klára ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
This work occupies itself with an analysis of operational manipulations in the feeder terminal of the distribution system and it considers the configuration of its apparatus equipment with the following configuration of the logical operations for controlling the apparatus in the feeder terminal. Further, this work occupies itself with switching high voltage equipment, their qualities and distribution, with their electrically driven mechanism, including the method of their control. Moreover, the work is aimed at the configuration of the logical operation with the aid of the Boole functions for controlling the feeder terminal apparatus within the CAP 505 software, and at its following testing on the REF 543 terminal from the ABB Company. The aim of the work is theoretical analysis of controlling and operational manipulations in a high voltage distribution system, the following creation and registration of the blocking conditions as well as with their use to create a functional configuration of the feeder terminal of the distribution system and its testing on the demonstration panel which is set with the REF 543 terminal and with further apparatus equipment that simulates the complete high voltage distributor. In the factory configuration the simulation is carried out by the LOGO! module from the Siemens Company. Therefore, our further aim is to design and subsequently to connect the feeder terminal so that the controlling and signaling panel elements could be connected directly to inputs and outputs of REF 543 terminal and could so enable its controlling and checking of the operation conditions. The main aim of the work is to elaborate a detailed description of the functional configuration creation as well as the following REF 543 terminal adjustment for testing the blocking conditions.
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Protection for Generator Unbalance
Kuba, Petr ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The thesis deals with the problem of unbalance in generators and discusses various means of generator protection against the effects caused by this abnormal working condition. The general importance of the problem is described in the introductory part of this work. The theoretical section of the thesis contains an analysis of procedures applied to solve different types of unbalance by the help of the method of symmetrical components. As a central aspect of the topic, the causes of unbalance are examined. This investigation is realized together with a close insight into the diverse possibilities of unbalance reduction and, importantly, in respect the effects of negative sequence current on a generator and its components. The principles of generator protection against unbalance are described at the end of this section. In its practical part, this work deals with the procedure of protection setting and testing. The applied protection is an actual component of the REM 543 machine terminal as made by the ABB company. In order to facilitate the testing of the protection, we used the TZO3 electrical protection testing device provided by the EGÚ Brno, a. s. company. A summary of the most important information and measurement results can be found in the final part of the thesis.
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Parachute Emergency Systems for Very Light Sport Planes
Šorf, Oldřich ; Salga, Jaroslav (referee) ; Daněk, Vladimír (referee) ; Třetina, Karel (advisor)
This PhD thesis describes parachute rescue systems for small planes and focuses on their functionality in the border areas of the flight envelope, especially at very low altitudes and low airspeeds of flight (fall). For extending the functionality of the rescue system in extreme areas of usability envelope, was founded an innovative dividable parachute slider, which works normally at high speed, but at the low airspeeds does not limit the opening time of the canopy. Structural design of this slider is the subject of a new patent application “Parachute opening speed regulation device”, filed with Industrial property Office in Prague on August 14, 2014 under number 2014-543 PV. The PhD thesis further contains computational principle of circular parachute opening and the structural design. For verification of the dividable slider functionality, a parachute model has been constructed and subjected to a series of drop tests. The main benefit of the PhD thesis is extending the usability of rescue system into its statistically most frequent use, i.e. into low altitudes and low airspeeds of flight (fall).
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Dart control sensing unit for steel tip
Růžek, Václav ; Louda, Jan (referee) ; Musila, Pavel (advisor)
Problematics of sensing position metal darts in targets is new and in this time is no too explored problem. This work analyses accessible method, what can realize this scan. There are lot of accessible methods like best applicable reflect method inductive, based on change inductivity and method capacitive, based on change capacities tabular condenser. Capacitive sensing should be realized by the plate couple, where stiring electrode supplies signal.Sensing electrode receiving this signal. On the basis changes thorough electrostatic field measures change capacities. By the changes capacities fit algorithm we can evaluate, whether is in sensing field visible foreign subject – dart. For capacitive method is also designed driving and scanning unit. Various method were to be laboratory tested and was achieved satisfactory results.
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Testing of Directional Earth Fault Protections Using The Experimentally Obtained Fault Records
Holub, Martin ; Topolánek, David (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
Master thesis Testing of Directional Earth Fault Protections Using the Experimentally Obtained Fault Records deals with the protective functions of earth fault protections during earth faults in compensated medium voltage distribution network and their testing options. At the beginning of the thesis we charakterize operation of medium voltage distribution system in general. We begin with definition and characteristics of earth fault and its compartmentalization by the type of the fault, size of the transition resistance and duration. We also mention grounding methods of node winding transformer on medium voltage distribution network and we describe the most common of them in detail, i.e. network grouded through the arc suppression coil and its operation with automatic switching auxiliary resistor. In this part of the thesis we discuss the localization of the earth fault using passive static methods in compensated systems, which include wattmetric, admittance and conductance method. In next section we deal with the fault records stored in COMTRADE file format, its structure and all elements of its configuration and data file. We create and describe an example of converting ADF file format, recorded by Yokogawa oscilloscope fault recorder, into COMTRADE file format using Microsoft Excel program and M-File created in the MATLAB program. In the practical part we introduce workspace devices and software, which includes secondary testing equipment OMICRON CMC 256plus and its software OMICRON Test Universe with Advance Transplay test module, we further describe multifunctional earth fault protection RYo from PROTECTION & CONSULTING, s. r. o. and machine terminal REM 543 from ABB and their protective functions. The last part describes the actual testing of parallel connected earth fault protection with COMTRADE fault records by Advance Transplay test module in the OMICRON Test Universe. In the conclusion we describe evaluation of the suitability of each protective functions of earth fault protection in a variety of sizes the transition resistance at the earth fault location.
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Project of Logical Busbar Protection
Kulač, Ivan ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The main objective of master‘s thesis was creation logical overcurrent busbar protection. The first part of document describes teaching test panels with ABB REF feeder protection´s terminals. These panels are installed in Laboratory of electrical protections at Department of electrical power engineering, Faculty of electrical engineering and communication, Brno University of technology. On these panels we can simulate the real involvement of the distribution station. Were subsequently describes used digital protection´s terminals REF 543. Then was designed configuration of these panels so to achieve logical busbar protection, which will be able to assess the short circuit fault and shut the smallest part of the busbar system. Within the configuration it was necessary to solve the cooperation of protection terminals. This was finally accomplished through connecting wires between each test panel. After the configuration it was necessary make the tests. We used secondary protection tester CMC 256plus. After the tests was analysis fault´s records and has been verified the accuracy of the proposed logical busbar protection.
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Loss-of-excitation Protection for Synchronous Generator
Čáslava, Jiří ; Geschwinder, Lukáš (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The aim of this work is to create a theoretical analysis of the problem of the exciting and de/exciting systems of synchronous alternators, an analysis of their functions and the problem of their disturbances, in connection with this being the following analysis of the asynchronous operation of the generator which appears with a big drop or with total loss of excitation. Further, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the marginal loading and of the transient phenomena during the loss of excitation with the following summary of the knowledge and of the possibilities of the excitation loss diagnosis. The next task is to get acquainted with the possibilities how to protect machine protection terminal REM 543 produced by the ABB company, as well as with their following configuration and testing, for which we use the testing equipment of the protections TZO 3 produced by EGÚ Brno company. The primary goal of this work is to create a detailed direction for the calculation of the parameters necessary to put up the protection function UE6High of the REM 543 terminal, further to create the configuration of the protection communication and of the TZO 3 test device with PC, as well as to put up the REM 543 terminal including the putting up of the test TZO 3 device. The UE6High function works on the principle of the distance protection which is the most extended and the most effective to detect the loss of the synchronous alternator excitement. By means of the calculated values we carry out the putting up in order to pull out the MHO characteristic on the impedance level. The work also contains the measured values of the switch characteristic on the impedance level for various putting up of the rapidity of change of the excitement working quantities like voltage, current and phase shift measured within all three phases.
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Earth fault relay testing
Herůfek, Radek ; Topolánek, David (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with an earth fault relay in compensated medium voltage distribution network. At the beginning of the thesis is described the method of operation compensated system and its advantages and disadvantages of using it. In addition, there is explained the definition of the ground fault, its types and there is outlined the method of solution asymmetrical single-phase fault. Thoroughly there is characterized distribution of voltages and currents, which is important for determination of affected and unaffected outlet. Among others, there is described the mode of action the arc suppression coil on caused fault current and also there are presented the auxiliary systems automation. In the next part the basic requirements for protections and its basic kinds are described. Finally the theoretical part describes principle of the earth fault relays and is presented means and methods used for indicate an affected outlet and earth fault localization. In the practical part, follows more detailed description of the protection REM 543 and testing equipment OMICRON CMC 256 +. In addition, there is explained connection process and setting selected functions and modules for testing earth fault relay. Assessment of generated and played transient disturbance records at the end.
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Synchronization of Generator by Applied Synchro-check Relay in Feeder Terminal
Gregr, Tomáš ; Novotný, Jan (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The aim of this work is a theoretical analysis of the parallel operation problems of electrical networks, as well as of the connecting the synchronous alternators to the electric power system. The knowledge of the present methods of connecting the synchronous alternators to the common network, of the historical evolution of this set of problems, of the phase conditions, their permitted deviations, as well as of the actual use of the modern phase automatic equipment, thereafter we to concentrate exclusively on the function of the synchro-check feeder terminal REF 543 produced by the ABB company. A part of this work is the analysis of the transient phenomena, that of accurate phasing, as well as that of phasing during a voltage, frequency and phase shift. Thereafter our goal is to get acquainted with the configuration program CAP 505, to carry out the communication of the REF 543 with PC, creating a new project, its configurating and then transmitting it to the REF 543 terminal. Further we occupy ourselves with the project to adjust the synchronous function synchro-check to phasing. The main task of this work is the proposal and the following testing of the connexion with the aim to test the synchronous function of the REF 543 terminal in cooperation with the output circuit breaker simulated on the test panel from the ABB company. Using the 6-phase generator from the UNIMA-KS company, this will simulate the voltage of the alternator. The network voltage is induced by means of the three-phase autotransformer from the Křižík n.p. company. We end this work up with a detailed description of connecting the terminal to the computer, with its following configuration, with setting up the required values, as well as with connecting the apparatus on order to test the conditions for the correct connection of the whole device.
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