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Psychological Prose by Regina Ezera
Říhová, Monika ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
ABSTRACTS This thesis is concerned with the psychological prose by Regīna Ezera. The first chapter gives an insight into the writer's personality. The chapter also outlines the situation in Latvian literature in the period from the restoration of Soviet occupation at the end of World War II throughout the 1990s. The following two chapters are devoted to the analysis of specific Ezera's works, namely three works that were translated into the Czech language (The Well, Aka, 1972, Summer Lasted for Just One Day, Vasara bija tikai vienu dienu, 1974, A Man Needs a Dog, Cilvēkam vajag suni, 1975) and some works that have not yet been translated (Smouldering Fires, Zemdegas, 1977, A Dragon's Egg, Pūķa ola, 1995 and some short proses included in the book The Princess Phenomenon, Princeses Fenomens, 1985 especially so-called zoological novellas and so-called crazy stories). The fourth chapter contains a translation of the short story called August, Month of Apples, Augusts, ābolu mēness included in the book The Princess Phenomenon. The translation is the original work by the author of the thesis. In the final chapter the main features of analysed works are summarised.
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The Latvian Movement of "Dievturība"
Vacíková, Michala ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe origins, history, activity and influence of a Latvian religious movement called Dievturība, established in Latvia in the interwar period, interruption of their activities as a consequence of the Soviet occupation in 1940 and its renewal in exile, especially in the United States, where the followers of Dievturība built an important Latvian cultural centre, as well as its rebirth in the independent Latvia after 1990. With the help of the American Dievturi Latvian followers try to gain more attention through organizing cultural events and raise public awareness of Dievturība. Furthermore the thesis surveys origins of the movement's doctrine, contacts of Dievturība with folklore groups, attitude of its followers, Dievturi, towards politics and media and especially the significance of Dievturība for forming the modern Latvian society. Special attention is paid to Ernests Brastiņš, a founder of the movement, to his life, thoughts, ideas and plans connected with his effort to revive Latvian national cultural consciousness. There are also important the views of critics of Dievturība's doctrine and its understanding of pre-Christian Latvian religion, to which Dievturība relates. In my work I also try to outline the pre-Christian Latvian religion and to find differences...
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Latvia between Germany and Russia in the novel by M. Zariņš Calendar of Bandmaster Kociņš
Chlupáčová, Edita ; Štoll, Pavel (advisor) ; Lemeškin, Ilja (referee)
The subject of the thesis is an analysis of the novel Calendar of bandmaster Kociņš by M. Zariņš, which is considered as a dynamic structure characterised by the fact that the process of signification is always in motion and by this very motion the meaning is constituted. The observed motion takes place on two axes, firstly on the axis novel - calendar, secondly on the axis author as writer - author as producent, and thus the distancing effect arises. As understood in the thesis, the concept of distancing effect is based on the theoretical writings of B. Brecht, further elaborated by W. Benjamin and R. Barthes. The distancing effect in semiotic interpretation enables to identify the grotesque nature of the novel as hypersignification, i. e. as meaning overload, and therefore to read the novel as an open text referring to how it is made. Moreover, the workings of the distancing effect give rise to political appeal of the text which consists in the transition from competition and individualism to sharing and collectivism.
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Deportation to Siberia in Latvian Memoirs Literature
Kočnarová, Markéta ; Štoll, Pavel (advisor) ; Lemeškin, Ilja (referee)
The subject of the thesis "Deportation of Latvians to Siberia in Latvian Memoirs Literature" is to compare the description of historical experience in three latvian memoirs based on several criteria and to set this problematics into historical context. Chapter one introduces the most important events during the first Latvian republic period and phenomena of collectivization, Gulag and deportations into the territory of U.S.S.R. Chapter two introduces the Latvian memoirs literature problematics including authors' biography and their memoirs. Among the analysed books belong "With Dance Shoes in Siberian Snow" by Sandra Kalniete, "The Stolen Childhood" by Ilmārs Šalts and "The Dugout Children" by Andra Manfelde. These memoirs are compared in chapter three based on two topics: the description of the deportation day and the journey to Siberia and the role of a mother. Chapter four analyses the memoirs relation to documentary literature and imaginative literature.
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The Character of Velns in Latvian Folklore
Vaverová, Naďa ; Štoll, Pavel (advisor) ; Lemeškin, Ilja (referee)
The thesis focuses on Velns as a character of the Latvian folklore not omitting the origin of Velns related to cognate mythological frameworks as well as providing an outline of Velns' active role in the literature. The plots where Velns appears are specified using the Aarne-Thompson's tale type index and, according to the place of its occurrence, the examined character is classified into types. After addition of other attributes, Velns is situated into Balto-Slavic context and the appropriate equivalents of each discussed environment are selected. On the basis of these equivalents, a complete image is created and possible similarities are examined within the Czech environment, where two potencial equivalents are found - the first one being the Czech čert (devil) and the second one, appearing less often, vodník (water goblin).
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Poetics of Dramatic Works of Mara Zalite
Česnohlídková, Barbora ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
The first chapter of the thesis presents Mary Zālīte's personality. The next chapter deals with sources of inspirational works. Here are the figures mentioned by name, that affected the author so much, that their legacy is in her work very noticeable. The following chapter examines and also analyzes the author's poetry, which has features in common with her drama. Another chapter has been focused on the Zālīte's drama, particularly the poetic drama, where the author's analysis in the form of plays and librettos found connection between, that were typical for the authors motives. These analyses were also helpful in the creation of the last chapter of the thesis, which explores the poetic drama M. Zālīte's Margaret. Based on a detailed analysis of the play Margaret was performed comparing the modern play with the Goethe's classic work Faust, which revealed a number of common elements but also innovations of the author.
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The Phenomenon of Latvian Song Festivals
Skoupá, Kateřina ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
This work deals with Latvian Song Festivals as an important phenomenon in Latvian history which started in Latvia in 1873. Their basis lays in choir singing developed in Latvia on a massive scale in 2nd half of 19th century. The festivals probably continued old tradition of singing - so-called teicamās dziesmas which had a similar structure as modern choirs. The development of choir singing is connected with Herrnhuterian schools and pedagogical colleges. The personality playing an important role in this process was a chief pedagogue in Valmiera Jānis Cimze whose collection Dziesmu rota launched a discussion about the future of Latvian culture from the point of view of national identity. Although the structure of Latvian Song Festivals was taken over from the Baltic Germans the idea of national identity has been involved since the beginning. Forming of Latvian national identity was in its beginnings influenced by J. G. Herder's philosophy and his idea of Volkslied and Volksgeist and it is closely connected with Latvian folk songs. It corresponds with Latvian self-determination as the nation of singers. In four historic periods defined by socio-political changes on Latvian territory these ideas together with a strong national element is found exactly in Latvian Song Festivals. The festivals become a...
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Czech contexts of Latvian cultural traditions
Štoll, Pavel ; Parolek, Radegast (advisor) ; Švec, Luboš (referee) ; Hoskovec, Tomáš (referee)
1 ABSTRAKT Tato práce vychází z autorova dlouholetého teoretického i praktického působení v oboru česko-lotyšských literárních a kulturních vztahů a současně ze zvýšeného zájmu o odkaz ochranovské Jednoty bratrské, který se v posledních letech projevuje jak na lotyšské, tak na české straně. Autor zkoumá určité lotyšské kulturní tradice a jejich české kontexty, zejména na základě konkrétních lotyšských textů a jejich smyslu, který je kontextem spoluvytvářen. Usiluje přitom o dialogický pohyb mezi strukturálně-sémiotickými a recepčně- -hermeneutickými přístupy, mezi syntézou a analýzou, dedukcí a indukcí s těžiskem v konkrétních jevech. Práce byla strukturována podle Komenského programu nápravy "moudrosti mysli", "zbožnosti srdce" a "životního klidu": v těchto oblastech v Lotyšsku působily také ideje české náboženské reformace. Mezi lotyšskými a českými kulturními tradicemi byly nalezeny mnohé shody a některé odlišnosti, k nimž v Lotyšsku patří silný vliv luterství s prvky pohansko-křesťanské synkreze. Ta se projevuje také ve výrazné tradici "kultury srdce", v níž byly rozlišeny tři roviny: (1) individuální - náboženská a etická, vycházející zejména z ochranovského pietismu (2) kolektivní - sociální, národní a politická, úzce související s českou náboženskou reformací (3) přírodní - panteistická, navazující...
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Symbology of grass-snakes in Lithuanian folklore
Butzke, Petra ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
The object of investigation in this work is to analyze užovky symbolism and its role in individual tanru spoken Lithuanian folklore. The symbol is pohlíženo as to the importance of perception užovky, its position and role in oral folklore. Examined the Lithuanian fairy tales (mythical) reputation, proverbs and sayings, riddles, prayers to užovce, incantations against snake bites and phraseologisms. We took examples from a number of available, folk sources. The analysis užovky symbolism and its role in appointed tanru we focused on features užovky in the Lithuanian pagan beliefs, mythologies of other nations and Christianity.
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Modernisation of Latvian classical prose in work of Eriks Adamsons
Korbélyiová, Lucie ; Štoll, Pavel (referee) ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to describe the short stories of Latvian writer and poet Eriks Adamsons as an integral and internally linked artistic and ideal system as well as to analyse their composition and thematic structure and to specify the originality of the author's artistic expression. Importatnt part of the work is also detailed biografy of the author, a chronological description of the Latvian literature evolution and Adamsons's position in it. Integral part of the thesis is also our translation of three of the short stories and remarks dealing with some translation and terminological aspects.
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