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The Diffusion of the Circular Economy Awareness Across the World
Špačková, Ivana ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
This master's thesis aims to provide an outlook on the diffusion of circular economy (CE) awareness across the world and reveal the factors influencing its intensity. The awareness is assessed for a group of 122 countries by using their media data acquired from the Factiva database for the period 2000 - 2019. From the theoretical point of view, the work is framed by the Diffusion of innovation and Transnational diffusion of norms, ideas and policies' theories. According to the results of descriptive analysis, a cumulative distribution of aware countries has followed the S-shaped curve over time traditionally associated with the diffusion processes. Among the leaders in the CE awareness are China, Italy, Japan, and Spain for example. During the later years, however, one of the highest values were also measured for Rwanda or Eswatini. On the other hand, Russia was identified as the biggest laggard from the group. Regarding the individual factors whose effect was assessed via the OLS method, it is argued that the CE awareness is higher in the countries which are more embedded in the networks of intergovernmental organizations. Contrary to the expectations the systematic influence of the other economic, political or environmental factors was not proved. This idiosyncrasy could be caused by the novelty...
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The Importance of in-home nursing care for seniors and their families
ŠPAČKOVÁ, Ivana
Domiciliary care as a field or ambulatory service is provided to people with reduced self-sufficiency due to age, chronic illness or disability and is also used by families with children, whose situation requires assistance of another person. The aim of the service is to individually support a person's life in their natural environment. The theoretical part is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with old age and aging, as it is the time when changes affecting the overall function of human body occur. These are then reflected in increased vulnerability, limited performance and decline of an individualas abilities. The second chapter deals with changes that come with age, which mainly relate to the physical, psychological and social area. In the third chapter I describe the current situation in the provision of social services. These services are defined by the Act no.108/2006 Coll. primarily as a means to ensure the greatest mental and physical self-sufficiency of the individual obtainable. The services seek to enable people to participate in daily life, live in dignified environment and be treated with respect. The fourth chapter deals with the concept of providing domiciliary care services in the Czech Republic. The last, fifth, chapter deals with individual planning, which is one of the most important tools to ensure and improve the quality of social services provided and is also enshrined in the Act no.108/2006Coll. describing social services. The practical part of my thesis was elaborated by the qualitative research technique, specifically the questioning method using a semi-standardized interview with predetermined open-ended questions and by analysis of personal documentation. Basic research sample consisted of selected users and staff of the care services provider Ledax (charitable trust). The aim of this research was to determine factors that are perceived by health care users as major. The investigation showed that these are mainly health deterioration and old age. My research has shown that users perceive their key worker rather as a confidant. They are not afraid to confide their feelings or problems to them and report that the worker always has enough time to hear them. On the contrary, the workers themselves see their role only as a helper's and also due to the large workload lack sufficient time for the user. From my own experience I can confirm that this problem is often encountered because caregivers are responsible for more users, and the care is not concentrated in one place. The solution for this situation would be to reduce the number of users assigned to one caregiver, but the provider would be forced to expand their staff. However providers are currently limited by operational and financial limits of the given organization. It is important to emphasize that if the care and support provided by the user be at a professional level, the key worker should coordinate the care for the user and be their confidant and guide in a difficult season of life. Although there are some differences in the view of the factor of caregiver's personality, I think that the fact that users perceive their caregiver as a confidant is also a guarantee of efficient implementation of individual planning in the organization of the provider.
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