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Modelling of yield curves
Šmejkal, Jan ; Hurt, Jan (advisor) ; Zichová, Jitka (referee)
In practice, yield curves, i.e. plots of relation between yields and times to maturity for a group of comparable securities, are an important tool for assets and liabilities pricing as well as for financial decision making. The theoretical risk-free yield curve represents the term structure of interest rates that are used e.g. in insurance industry for pricing the liabilities, for which reserves are created, or also as a benchmark for pricing other assets in the market. When constructing the yield curve, it is not possible to observe yields of a group of assets for all maturities. That is why we use various mathematical methods which enable us to construct the yield curve also for unobserved maturities. In this thesis, some of these methods are introduced. The Svensson's method is one of the most important and frequently used ones. We use this method to derive the coupon curve from Czech government bonds aiming to construct the risk-free zero coupon yield curve. Later on, we use different weights for particular bonds trying to improve pricing of all the bonds based on the derived curve. Then, we also look for the curve that minimizes the mean squared error of estimated (compared to observed) prices. Because problems with liquidity can appear especially for long maturities, we apply all of the procedures to a...
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Human Rights Commissioner of the Russian Federation (Ombudsman)
Recinová, Pavla ; Sádovský, Stanislav (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Jan (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis called The Human Rights Commissioner of the Russian Federation is to provide a comprehensive insight into the formation and development process of the institute of the human rights commissioner by means of description and analysis. At the same time, it attempts to facilitate a better understanding of this institute inside the Russian social system. The opening section defines the institute of ombudsman from the historical and theoretical point of view and puts it in the post-Soviet context. The following section touches on the key legislation related to this institute in the Russian Federation and on the way it was formed and embedded in Russia. A separate chapter addresses the competences and specific tasks of the public defender of rights. This chapter is supported by annual reports issued by the Russian ombudsman's office. The last section of the thesis deals with the relationship between the ombudsman, the Russian establishment and non-governmental human rights organizations. The relationship is defined theoretically and illustrated by practical examples and specific cases. Keywords Ombudsman, The Human Rights Commissioner, Federal Constitutional Act on the Human Rights Commissioner, Human Rights, Freedoms, the Russian Federation, Russian Establishment, Human...
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Xrd Analysis Of Chemical Composition On Lead Surface Microelectrodes
Smejkal, Jan
This work is focused on the observation of changes in the chemical composition on thesurface of the negative electrode of the lead-acid battery using an XRD diffractometer. The measurementwas performed on thin pasted electrodes with a thickness of about 1mm. After the maturationand molding process, the fully charged negative electrode was gradually discharged andcharged at a rate of 0.2 C and 0.3 C. The negative electrode was analyzed at 100 %, 80 %, 60 %, 40% 20 % a 0 % SOC states. Chemical changes occurring on the surface of the negative electrode duringdischarging and charging of the lead-acid battery were measured using X-ray diffractometerRigaku MiniFlex HR 600.
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Effect Of Organic Additives On Electrochemi-Cal Processes Influencing Zinc-Air Battery Parameters
Smejkal, Jan
This work is focused on the study of influence of selected organic additives on the properties and morphology of zinc deposit on the negative electrode when used in zinc-air accumulators. The deposition was made on the tin plate electrodes in a solutions of 6 mol/l KOH saturated with ZnO with added additives (Abeson Na 50, Flavol KDA, Span 85, Lugalvan G35 and Triton X- 100). All chosen additives were studied with a focus on the morphology of zinc deposit, with regard to their ability to suppress dendritic growth and with focus on zinc corrosion. Changes in zinc morphology were studied by using a Tescan Vega 3 electron microscope and a Rigaku MiniFlex HR 600 X-ray diffractometer.
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Smart Home: Digital Thermostatic Valve Controlled via WiFi
Smejkal, Jan ; Kapinus, Michal (referee) ; Materna, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with smart home heating in households with radiators. The goal is to design a cheap digital heating head and to integrate it via WiFi and MQTT into the Home Assistant system. I have focused on keeping good design, head functions and a good user experience. Home Assistant enables showing graphs using InfluxDB and Grafana. Using a program in tool Node-RED enables it to lower heating temperature at the times of user absence and to schedule heating temperatures. The price of the complete unit is under 400 CZK. Temperature regulation was provided by a prediction controller, but it was replaced by a PID controller. The controller can regulate with the difference of maximal and minimal temperature of around 2 C. The user can control the boost mode of the head via a physical button or using the Home Assistant system. The resulting product is a good basis for a low-cost smart heating system.
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Relationship of morality and right in conceptions of right H. L. A. Hart and R. M. Dworkin
Mach, Daniel ; Jirásková, Věra (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Jan (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá vztahem práva a morálky v iusnaturalismu a iuspozitivismu, přičemž poukazuje na různé významové konotace pojmů právo a morálka. Naznačuje historický vývoj obou směrů až do období dvacátého století a u dílčích období vývoje uvádí i významné představitele, a to včetně jejich hlavních filosofických myšlenek. Těžiště práce však spočívá ve srovnání přístupů a pojetí vztahu práva a morálky v koncepcích významných právních filosofů H. L. A. Harta a R. M. Dworkina. Oba muži bývají považováni za představitele zmíněných směrů a jejich názorový střet lze pokládat za jeden z nejvýraznějších momentů ve filosofii práva druhé poloviny dvacátého století. Práce se tak detailně věnuje problematice práva a morálky nejprve u H. L. A. Harta a následně pak u R. M. Dworkina. Snaží se předložit základy jejich právních tezí, charakterizovat přístup k chápání morálky a v neposlední řadě také popsat již výše zmiňovaný vztah dvou normativních systémů - práva a morálky. Diplomová práce vychází ze studia řady pramenů, jako jsou monografie, učebnice, sborníky, články odborných časopisů či internetové zdroje. Klíčovými se však mezi použitými zdroji stala především díla obou právních filosofů, která umožnila pochopit jejich rozdílná stanoviska k problematice práva a morálky. Pro naplnění stanovených cílů...
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Gasoline Direct Injection
Smejkal, Jan ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the problematics of gasoline direct injection in combustion engines. There is a view of the history of the development of gasoline direct injection in the introduction. The main part focuses on the principle of the process function, description of components of fuel system and specific components of exhaust system. There is also a description of benefits of using gasoline direct injection, especially considering the amount of pollutants in exhaust gas. The following part of the work contains an overview of gasoline direct injection engines and their comparison in terms of power. In the conclusion, there is a consideration of gasoline direct injection development in the future.
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Study Of Effect Of Organic Additives On The Morfology Of Zinc Deposit
Smejkal, Jan
Article studies effect of the selected organic additives on zinc deposit properties in relation to negative electrode for Ni-Zn battery. All additives were examined with emphasis on the study of dendritic and mossy structure growth suppression. Additives have been selected in order to their already known benefits for Ni-Zn cell and in order to their using in galvanic production. Additives were examined by XRD diffractometer Rigaku Miniflex 600 HR and electron microscope Tescan Vega 3 XMU.
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