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Crimes against pregnancy of a woman
Konečná, Eliška ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
79 Crimes against a woman's pregnancy Abstract The topic of this doctoral thesis is crimes against a woman's pregnancy. The first chapter of this thesis contains a historical excursion of the legislation in question in the territory of today's Czech Republic with an emphasis on the development of the issue in the 20th century, due to the analysis of the influence of previous legislation on the current legislative concept. In the second chapter, the thesis deals with the definition of pregnancy and the timeline from the point of view of criminal law, as, among other things, the question of the duration of pregnancy plays a fundamental role for the correct legal qualification of illegal abortion. The chapter also deals with the issue of the limit of fetal viability in legal regulation. The third chapter maps the current legislation on legal abortion. Some of the constituent elements of the crimes in question directly refer to the law on artificial abortion, and a detailed analysis of the legal abortion is thus necessary for a comprehensive assessment of criminal law. In addition to the procedure envisaged by the law when performing abortion, the chapter also contains an analysis of the legality of abortion performed in the Czech Republic for citizens of other EU member states. In the following chapter, the...
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Spectroelectrochemical Devices for Monitoring of Intermediates and Products on Carbonbased Composite Electrodes
Vaněčková, Eva ; Šikula, M. ; Hrdlička, Vojtěch ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Kolivoška, Viliam
Spectroelectrochemistry (SEC), as an interdisciplinary field, provides us with more comprehensive information about electroactive molecules involved in charge transfer reactions. Commercially\navailable SEC cells most often have an incorporated platinum working electrode, which can limit the range of the usable potential window and, in addition, can complicate the analysis due to the\nabsorption phenomenon. In this work, we designed and manufactured two types of custom-made SEC cells employing optically transparent carbon-based working electrodes for UV-Vis monitoring of reactants and electrogenerated intermediates and products. The first SEC cell is entirely manufactured by 3D printing using fused deposition modeling (FDM) by combining optically transparent (PET) and electrically conductive (PLA-CB) filaments. The second SEC cell employs pencil graphite (PG) rods as the working electrode (PGE) and its body is manually assembled from quartz slides. The functionality of the FDM 3D printed SEC cell and manually assembled quartz SEC cell were verified by cyclic voltammetry with in situ UV-Vis spectroscopic absorption monitoring of ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate (Ru(ac)3) redox-active probe dissolved in an aqueous or non-aqueous deaerated solvent, respectively. Both presented cells enable complete redox reversible conversion and strictly oxygen-free conditions.
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3D-printed Electrodes with Nearly Ideal Charge Transfer Characteristics
Vaněčková, Eva ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Kolivoška, Viliam
3D printing is an outstanding manufacturing tool for prototyping customized designs at reduced time and costs, having found applications in fields such as medicine or the automotive industry. The development of printable electrically conductive composite materials brought a revolution to electrochemistry, with 3D-printed electrodes being intensively studied from the viewpoint of\nanalytical performance and stability. However, it is often reported that 3D-printed electrodes have poor charge transfer characteristics, typically due to limited exposure of the electrically conductive phase at the composite surface to the surrounding solution. In this work, we devise and apply simple electrochemical activation procedures that lead to a significant improvement of charge transfer characteristics of 3D printed electrodes.
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Redox Properties of Pyrene-Cyclohexene Conjugates – Electrochemical Study
Koláčná, Lucie ; Čubiňák, M. ; Tobrman, T. ; Ludvík, Jiří
The series of 16 compounds for "organic electronics" comprising the double-bond cyclohexene core extended by pyrene and/or other aromatics were electrochemically characterized by rotating disk voltammetry in N,N-dimethylformamide. Due to multiple substitutions, the resulting potential gap represents the sum of all substituent effects. Different combinations of substituents can be used to achieve the desired properties of cyclohexene-pyrene derivatives. The electrochemical data presented in this contribution facilitate further tuning of properties of these molecules and systems to achieve features required in material chemistry just by means of chemical modification.
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Vliv genových polymorfismů na efektivitu farmakologické léčby deprese
MÍČKOVÁ, Dana
The bachelor thesis deals with the possible influence of genetic polymorphisms of selected cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes on the depression or other psychiatric diseases treatment. The treatment of psychiatric patients with psychotropic drugs often turns out to be unsatisfactory due to lack of effectivity or due to adverse drug reactions of psychiatric drugs. This means both a mental strain for the patient and social and economic impacts. One of many influences, participating on the unsatisfactory treatment, are the CYP gene polymorphisms, that result in the same (CYP) named enzymes activity, responsible for the metabolism of the respective drug. Mutation in these genes can cause both gain-of-function and reduced or loss-of-function of the respective enzymes and thus participate on the adverse drug reactions and/or lack of effectivity. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis was to develop research on the topic of depressive disease, its history and methods of treatment. Moreover, to map the antidepressants prescribing practice in the Czech Republic during the last five years. Other aims were developing of an internet questionnaire for patients and test their genetic polymorphisms in the genes CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 (by the real-time PCR method with the melting curve analysis). Finally, to compare these results (questionnaires and test results) with each other with the aim of finding out whether there is a clear link between the detected type of metabolism and the patient's evaluation of the treatment, an/or whether it is possible to give some recommendations regarding treatment for specific patients.
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Management of Informal Care
POSLUŠNÁ, Věra
Informal care is a care provided by a lay caregiver, who is usually a family member (husband/wife, daughter/son) or a neighbour and is provided in the natural home environment of the person being cared for. The main goal of the thesis is to find out how the issue of informal care is solved in the administrative district of the municipality with extended jurisdiction of České Budějovice in the context of health and social care. A partial goal is to find out the experiences of informal caregivers with caring for a close person. The thesis was prepared as part of the project of the Technological Agency of the Czech Republic, ÉTA program "Support of informal caregivers in the South Bohemian region through audiovisual means including virtual reality (no. TL03000518). A qualitative research strategy was chosen for the research part of the thesis. The interview method and the in-depth interview technique were chosen as the method. The data was processed by thematic analysis. The research group consisted of 11 informal caregivers who take care of a close person aged 65+ in a home environment in České Budějovice The research showed that informal care is addressed within the National Strategy for the Development of Social Services for the period 2016-2024. The South Bohemian Region deals with informal care within the medium-term plan for the development of social services of the South Bohemian Region for the period 2022-2024. The Statutory City of České Budějovice deals with informal care in the strategic framework R-Social Services Plan of České Budějovice for the period 2022-2024 and in the Action Plan of the R-Plan of Social Services České Budějovice 2022-2024 for the year 2024. The experiences of informal caregivers revealed barriers such as lack of information about health and social services, ignorance of social benefits and contributions, little awareness of support programs, especially at the beginning of caregiving. Research has shown that caregiving affects several areas of informal caregivers' lives.
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Dilemmas of social workers working with people in material distress
KOTISA, Jan
The chosen topic of this thesis is "dilemmas of social workers in working with people in material need." The thesis is divided into several chapters that primarily focus on an introduction to the issues of social policy and social work; further presentation of the Labour Office of the Czech Republic and the system of assistance benefits in material need; introduction to ethical issues and presentation of basic ethical theories. Last but not least, it also focuses on the dilemmas that a social worker may encounter when working with a client in material need and the application of ethical theories to solve them. The goal of the thesis is to find out what dilemmas social workers may face when working with people in material need, how they react to them and solve them.
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Issues of confidentiality and reporting obligations in low-threshold facilities for children and youth
ŘÍHOVÁ, Sabina
The thesis focuses on the conflict between the duty to report and the duty of confidentiality in a low-threshold facility for children and youth. The first part of the thesis characterizes the low-threshold facility for children and youth. This is followed by a definition of the legislative framework of the reporting obligations and the duty of confidentiality. The thesis briefly introduces the social and legal protection of children and the activities of the OSPOD. Then the possibilities of cooperation and NZDM with OSPOD and the Police of the Czech Republic and the most common reasons that prevent this cooperation. The last part of the thesis focuses on ethics and ethical dilemmas in social work with regard to professional ethics of social workers and ethical dilemmas occurring in the work in NZDM. The thesis offers possible solutions to ethical dilemmas and recommendations on how to to prevent them. The thesis combines a theoretical approach with a research part. The qualitative research is conducted through semi- structured interviews with social workers in low-threshold facility for children and youth.
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Mléčná užitkovost kozy bílé krátkosrsté a hnědé krátkosrsté ve vybraném chovu
KRAMEŠOVÁ, Jaroslava
Goats have recently become popular for breeding. They are breeding mainly for meat and milk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of goats in gene reserves in the Czech Republic. The average milk yield for years the 2020 to 2022 for a white shorthaired goat is 296,0 kg per standardized lactation and for brown shorthaired goats is 270,1 kg. The average fat content of milk for white shorthaired goats is 4,34 % and for brown shorthaired goats is 4,27 % in the monitored period. The protein content of a white shorthaired goat is 2,90 % and for brown shorthaired goat is similar (2,89 %). The last monitored substance was lactose. The average content lactose in milk for a white shorthaired goat is 4,29 % and for brown shorthaired goat is 4,24 %. Results show below the average milk yield but milk fat content was higher than average. This milk is better for example to make a cheese. The milk yield and the content of the individual components are genetically influenced. They can also be influenced by stress, nutrition, and other factors.
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Employment of foreigners in the Czech Republic
MUSIL, Tomáš
This thesis deals with the employment of foreigners in the Czech Republic. It characterizes the legal setting in the current legislation and the historical development of the topic of foreigners in the Czech Republic. The thesis reflects the economic situation of the last few years influenced by the very low unemployment rate in the Czech Republic, but also by the current political situation caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the related refugee crisis towards the EU. The method of conducting the research consisted of a questionnaire survey with domestic employers, together with a guided interview with the HR director, who is also a former foreigner. The data collected through the questionnaires and other secondary data were used for descriptive statistics and to validate the research questions using independence test and time series analysis.
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