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Surrealist "game" and its use in the work of Richard Weiner Hra doopravdy
Vitouš, Ladislav ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Málek, Petr (referee)
The presented thesis seeks to clarify Weiner's concept of the game as a specific experience of the world. The concept of the game is correlated to several related concepts, primarily to the artistic conception of the Le Grand Jeu and wider philosophical context, especially the Surrealist project. The aim of the work is not to assign Weiner's works to existing literary creations, orientations and tendencies (even its fragmented parts), but rather to define its uniqueness in contrast to them. It is not limited to one plane in the text, but takes into account all the poetic devices to reveal the author's concept of the game and the world in general. The subject of investigation is the author's last work Hra doopravdy. Keywords Richard Weiner Hra doopravdy Le Grand Jeu surrealism surrealist game
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Concepts of a Fictional Character in Contemporary Narratology
Dvořák, Jan ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Málek, Petr (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to present essential concepts of literary character in fiction as they were produced by literary theory and criticism mainly in the second half of the twentieth century. The thesis offers comprehensible comparation and reflections of individual concepts and then attempts to offer some relevant implications for conceptualization of literary character. The implications are considered in practical interpretation of a particular narrative: the short story The Death of Mr. Baltisberger by Bohumil Hrabal.
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The semiotic specifics of the postmodern works of art
Fronková, Markéta ; Šmahelová, Hana (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee) ; Málek, Petr (referee)
The concept of "postmodernity" has become widespread at various contemporary fields of science. It seems to be linked to the philosophical area of thinking in the first place, but the transdisciplinal aspect of this notion is more than obvious. The beginning of the postmodern period is, not surprisingly, a topic for numerous discussions. As to the determination of the beginning of postmodernism, this project inclines to a hypothesis of J.-F. Lyotard, who puts an approximate initiation of postmodernism to the end of 1950s. Though, the fact that the situation is not typical for the Czech literature must be taken into an account. The main focus of this project (although it is concerned with approaches of other areas, for example fine arts) is on the field of literary studies, especially on semiotics. It would be quite misleading and restricting to try to make an exact definition of postmodernism in literature. This is the reason, why the project is conceived as an open consideration and a reflection on postmodernism, with a stress on the semiotic point of view. The chief aim of the project is to analyse concrete texts (in some cases also visual works) often "labeled" by critics as "postmodern" and to seek for the specifics they have in common, especially on the level of semiotic structure. The analysis should...
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Gender in Surrealism. Surreal periods in the literary production of Jindrich Styrsky and Vitezslav Nezval - comparative approach
Plívová, Alžběta ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Málek, Petr (referee)
The subject of our thesis is an examination of the nature of female gender in the artistic production of Jindrich Styrsky. We focus on the period of surrealism in which, due to the theories of psychoanalysis, the phenomenon of sexuality was accented and which also brought about an exaggerated emphasis on human body as a result of the experience of the World War I. As there occurs a battle of wills between those literary theorists who denote this period as misogynist (e. g. Simone de Beauvoir, Xaviere Gauthier) and those who consider it the first step in the pro-feminist discourse (e. g. Rosalinde Krauss, Maryse Lafitte, Katharine Conley) we approach to set the work of Styrsky into this context. We also try to map his strategies of displaying the female motif and to disclose his relation towards the theoretical principles found by the French avant-garde. For a comprehensive image of these questions we chose two different methods. While the first one is an analysis of duplicity, fragmentariness and pornography in Styrsky's production apart, the second method is contrastive and confronts Styrsky with an other significant Czech surrealist to whom the female topic also was important, Vitezslav Nezval. Nevertheless, we imbed both of those areas into a broader context of the socio-cultural circumstances of the...
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Improving Investment Timing
Málek, Petr ; Novák, Jiří (advisor) ; Cingl, Lubomír (referee)
This masters thesis is based on study of technical analysis of financial markets, i.e. analysis of dependencies between past and present price data, especially when it comes to "supports" and "resistances" or historical price levels where price recently tended to stop and reverse. First of all, summary of the most relevant literature on technical analysis is presented, together with literature on psychology of investing, behavioral finance and market efficiency. Following that, theoretical arguments in favor of possible edge in trading of technical levels are introduced and possible objections are addressed. This theory - in the form of several thousands of unique but similar trading strategies - is then tested on historical data of the most important financial assets. Results are compared to those of conservative buy-and-hold strategy and random trading. We reached the conclusion that trading based on technical price levels brings positive capital gains which are better than those achieved by random trading and buy-and-hold strategy. Parameters of our strategies influence the results in expectable manner more often than not.
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Arnošt Lustig and experience of the Holocaust in light of theory of narration
Stiboříková, Zuzana ; Málek, Petr (advisor) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
Arnošt Lustig and experience of the Holocaust in light of theory of narration Abstract. Means of implementation Nazi program of exterminating the Jews, which was designed and implemented during the Second World War, had an instrument of realization in a concentration camp, where prisoners not only of died, but there was organized devaluation of their lives. We talk about it as a "model form of government", reasonably elaborate system, in which prisoners should believe, that their life has no meaning, and on the other hand they are exposed to "limit situations", that create pressure on their survival instinct, and thus affect their behavior. From world of ever-present death prisoners brought experience, about which many could not and others needed to talk. However, they meet with an inability to express this experience. There grow up a debate whether the facts are trivializing. The threat of trivializing is seen also in artistic representation. As one of the options for capture the experience of the Holocaust is mentioned concentration on the internal experience of the individual, which can by displayed mainly by art literature, whch is looking for new expressive and formal means to "communicate an incommunicable" trauma. Among the writers of literature, who comes from their own camp experiences is ranked...
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No rose blooms all year: Viktorka`s image in The Grandmother by Božena Němcova
Fojtíková, Jiřina ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Málek, Petr (referee)
This thesis gives an interpretation of the image of Viktorka, a female character in Bozena Nemcova's Babicka ('The Grandmother'), as an autonomous thematic antagonism able to communicate with the reader, by means of text, with a similar power to that of the traditionally prioritised image of the grandmother. The reason why the topic of Viktorka was neglected lay in the fact that for a long time the professional acceptance of this work tended much more towards the idyllic, or idyll-making, approach. This, however, is only one of the interpretational approaches or, more exactly, only one side. The other side, relatively overlooked until recently, is the space the author gave to the character of Viktorka. The narrative and semantic structure of this work shows the topical duality of human love which actually rather separates the text of Babicka, and emphasises the antagonisms of these two female characters rather than softening their contours. This thematic emphasis, in the opinion of the author of this thesis, is supported primarily by the contextual relationship of space and time which for the reader transpose into the present babicka's "happiness" as well as Viktorka's "misfortune". The interpretation presented in this thesis consists of four parts. The first and second relate to the book by Bozena Nemcova,...
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Escape from the chains of sense: towards the subversive force of the texts of F. M. Dostojevsky, F. Kafka and W. Gombrowicz
Jirsa, Tomáš ; Málek, Petr (referee) ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor)
My thesis "Escape from the Chains of Sense: Towards the Subversive Force of the Texts of F. M. Dostoevsky, F. Kafka and W. Gombrowicz" focuses on the phenomenon here called the f1ight of sense. This notion challenges interpretation as a desire for order and for synthesis of the work's semantic direction, and caUs for a different reading of the work. In the introduction, using Adorno's, Deleuze's and Guattari' s concepts, I try to show that the f1ight of sense is not a final state (being without sense) but the act of its f1eeing. Inf1uenced by Barthes and his concept of the pleasure ofthe text, I call the spaces ofthe subversive force, which lets the sense and its reconstruction slip away, ruptures. They lead to a "creative rnisunderstanding" which is a ground for experirnentation. This experimentation does not refuse interpretation and its hermeneutic claim on clear understanding but suggests a different approach: a reading that looks through these ruptures and lets itself get seduced by the gestures and ornaments, which defer or dissolve meaning in the text s of Do sto evsky, Kafka and Gombrowicz. Thus experimentation is an attempt to describe how these elements work together.
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