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Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle
Kalvasová, Eva ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Autor's first name and surname: Mgr. Eva Kalvasová Title of the doctoral thesis: Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle. Workplace: Institute of fyziotherapy FTVS UK Supervisor: doc. PaedDr. Dagmar Pavlů, CSc. The yaer of the presentation: 2009A sprained ankle is the most common injuryMost frenkvently spr ABSTRACT: Introduction: The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) lesion is the most frequent injury of the ankle joint. The ATFL protective function is changed during gait and is influenced by the incorrect foot position as well. Objective: The objective is to describe the influence of ATFL on the ankle stability during gait and standing. The polemic discuss the optimal therapeutic treatment of the lateral ankle ligaments injury and the ankle instability. Methods: Thematic analysis Results: The foot segments position and the position of crus affects the function of ATFL. The ligament function is impaired by incorrect position of foot segments. In consequence the ligament cannot protect the ankle joint and the ankle joint instability and potential injury can occur. The optimal therapeutic treatment for ankle instability requires global approach to activate all components participating on postural stability. Conclusion: The ATFL protective function is impaired by...
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Magnetic resonance imaging of the respiratory and postural function of the diaphragm
Rychnovský, Tomáš ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee) ; Novák, Daniel (referee)
Objective: The goal of the thesis was to objectify changes of the diaphragm motion and shape in a different tasks using dynamic MRI in volunteers with pathological structural finding of the spine and the control group. Methods: Two groups of volunteers were made, those without pathological finding (n=16) and with structural pathological finding of the spine (n=17). We analyzed diaphragm function in three different tasks in all the volunteers during 1) primary breathing, 2) breathing in the course of lower extremities flexion against resistance and 3) holding the breath in the course of lower extremities flexion against resistance. Diaphragm activity was analyzed using static a dynamic parameters. For the first time ever was used postural and respiratory trace, which were separated from dynamic MRI recording. The thesis analyses frequency and amplitude of the respiratory and postural activity (independent on breathing) and their relationship. Furthermore the thesis evaluates breathe in and breathe out rotation, diaphragm excursion magnitude, inclination of the diaphragm, its height in thorax and also diaphragm motion within its different portion. Results: Diaphragm respiratory and postural changes are slower, bigger in size and better balanced in volunteers group without pathological spinal finding....
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Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up)
Bačáková, Radka ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
Tittle: Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up) Aim of work: The aim is to find a description kvadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern with rope climbing and its motion pattern compared with the motion pattern of walking and pull-up. Methods: This work is descriptively-association study with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: Alternating activation of upper extremities (rope climbing without the lower extremities), we proved that the movement supporting lower extremities is quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Symmetric work of upper extremities (pull-up) is not in response at lower extremities quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Key words: Electromyography (EMG), quadruped, diagonal pattern, rope climbing, pull-up, walking
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Preparation and optical properties of scintillation oxide layers
Hanuš, Martin ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor)
In this work we studied properties of garnet scintillator layers (RxLu3-xAl5O12, RxY3-xAl5O12) doped by rare earth ions (Ce, Pr, Tb), orthosilicates (Y2SiO5; R = Ce, Tb) and influence of Sc codoping on Pr3+ and Tb3+ emissions. The Zr codoping on Ce3+ emission in orthosilicates was also studied. The samples were prepared by liquid phase epitaxy. The studied materials show high quantum efficiency and good chemical and mechanical stability. They represent ideal materials for 2D imaging devices. We studied optical absorption, excitation and emission spectra and scintillation properties (radiolunescence and photoelectron yield). The aim was to determine the properties of grown layers and their comparison to Czochralski grown single crystals. We looked for the impact of melt and growth conditions on measured layer properties. We also tried to determine optimal amount of dopants in layer. We used PbO - B2O3 and BaO - BaF2 - B2O3 fluxes. Using these fluxes, we succeeded in growing layers with less intrinsic defects in crystal lattice in comparison to single crystals. In grown layers of thickness from 1 to 30 µm higher dopant concentration was achieved than in single crystals.
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Pharmacogenetics of statins and metabolic syndrome
Kučera, Miroslav ; Šeda, Ondřej (advisor) ; Schierová, Michaela (referee)
Metabolic syndrome is one of the most prevalent conditions in our population. Among components of the syndrome is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases - a change in blood lipid profile presented by alterations in cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Statins are currently the drug of choice for therapy of dyslipidemia. This group of drugs is characterized by inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in liver. Pharmacogenetics is a progressive field studying interactions between drugs and genetic background of a patient. There has been described a large amount of genetic variants affecting pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of statin effects. These variants were shown to be important for course of treatment and development of side effects such as statin myopathy. First, this work characterizes pharmacogenetics, metabolic syndrome and statins. Second, it provides a comprehensive summary of genetic polymorphisms underlying important pharmacogenetic interactions with statins.
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Preparation and optical properties of scintillation oxide layers
Hanuš, Martin ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čuba, Václav (referee) ; Pejchal, Jan (referee)
In this work we studied properties of garnet scintillator layers (RxLu3-xAl5O12, RxY3-xAl5O12) doped by rare earth ions (Ce, Pr, Tb), orthosilicates (Y2SiO5; R = Ce, Tb) and influence of Sc codoping on Pr3+ and Tb3+ emissions. The Zr codoping on Ce3+ emission in orthosilicates was also studied. The samples were prepared by liquid phase epitaxy. The studied materials show high quantum efficiency and good chemical and mechanical stability. They represent ideal materials for 2D imaging devices. We studied optical absorption, excitation and emission spectra and scintillation properties (radiolunescence and photoelectron yield). The aim was to determine the properties of grown layers and their comparison to Czochralski grown single crystals. We looked for the impact of melt and growth conditions on measured layer properties. We also tried to determine optimal amount of dopants in layer. We used PbO - B2O3 and BaO - BaF2 - B2O3 fluxes. Using these fluxes, we succeeded in growing layers with less intrinsic defects in crystal lattice in comparison to single crystals. In grown layers of thickness from 1 to 30 µm higher dopant concentration was achieved than in single crystals.
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Oxide scintillator detectors
Lučeničová, Zuzana ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bryknar, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mihóková, Eva (referee)
The presented thesis focused on the study of a new material concept of Ce3+ doped multicom- ponent aluminum garnets (GdLu)3(GaAl)5O12. High purity single crystalline epitaxial films were grown by the method of liquid phase epitaxy from the BaO-B2O3-BaF2 flux with spe- cial emphasis on the elimination of the potential impurities coming from the flux. Combined experimental study of photoelectron yield (under alpha excitation), decay kinetics of fast and delayed recombination in the milisecond time range (under e-beam excitation) and photo-, cathodo- and radio-luminescence spectroscopies were used to characterize the studied mater- ial. The single-step nonradiative energy transfer from the donor Gd3+ to an acceptor Ce3+ was observed in the low Gd, Ce doped LuAG films and established as long-range dipole - dipole interaction. Special attention was devoted to the positive effect of combined Gd and Ga substitution on the extensive suppression of shallow traps, which are responsible for the slow component in the scintillation response. The best obtained scintillation characteristics of the studied epitaxial films were comparable with the top performance bulk crystals. 1
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Preparation and optical properties of scintillation oxide layers
Hanuš, Martin ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor)
In this work we studied properties of garnet scintillator layers (RxLu3-xAl5O12, RxY3-xAl5O12) doped by rare earth ions (Ce, Pr, Tb), orthosilicates (Y2SiO5; R = Ce, Tb) and influence of Sc codoping on Pr3+ and Tb3+ emissions. The Zr codoping on Ce3+ emission in orthosilicates was also studied. The samples were prepared by liquid phase epitaxy. The studied materials show high quantum efficiency and good chemical and mechanical stability. They represent ideal materials for 2D imaging devices. We studied optical absorption, excitation and emission spectra and scintillation properties (radiolunescence and photoelectron yield). The aim was to determine the properties of grown layers and their comparison to Czochralski grown single crystals. We looked for the impact of melt and growth conditions on measured layer properties. We also tried to determine optimal amount of dopants in layer. We used PbO - B2O3 and BaO - BaF2 - B2O3 fluxes. Using these fluxes, we succeeded in growing layers with less intrinsic defects in crystal lattice in comparison to single crystals. In grown layers of thickness from 1 to 30 µm higher dopant concentration was achieved than in single crystals.
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The deep stabilizing system of spine stimulated bz Vojta reflex locomotion will alter quiescent breathing
Pivec, Martin ; Kučera, Miroslav (advisor) ; Véle, František (referee) ; Musil, Jaromír (referee)
Autoreferát disertační práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze Hluboký stabilizační systém páteře stimulovaný Vojtovou reflexní lokomocí mění průběh klidového dýchání Autoreferát disertační práce zpracoval PhDr. Martin Pivec školitel: Prof. MUDr. Miroslav Kučera Dr.Sc. Praha 2012 1 MARTIN PIVEC 2012 Autoreferát disertační práce 1. Úvod Tento autoreferát k disertační práci s názvem "Hluboký stabilizační systém páteře stimulovaný Vojtovou reflexní lokomocí mění průběh klidového dýchání" podává souhrné informace především o experimentální části práce.. Teoretická východiska jsou detailně popsána v práci samotné 2.Cíle práce Utřídit poznatky o regulaci dýchání a o vlivu RL na dýchání Potvrdit, či vyvrátit vliv reflexní lokomoce na respiraci u zdravých jedinců Navrhnout možnosti objektivizace vlivu RL na dýchání 3. Teoretická východiska Zatímco lékařská věda se zabývá zejména průtokem vzduchu uvnitř dechových cest, fyzioterapeutický pohled se touto fází zabývá i z hlediska pohybového projevu. Roztažení plicních laloků je z fyzikálního principu zajištěno zvětšením objemu dutiny hrudní a ten je možno zvětšit pouze svalovou aktivitou. Jedním z prvních kdo upozornil na skutečnost, že řízení motoriky svalů je nedílnou, ba dokonce možná významnější, součástí fyziologie respiračního systému byl Plum v práci Cerebral control...
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Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up)
Bačáková, Radka ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
Tittle: Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up) Aim of work: The aim is to find a description kvadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern with rope climbing and its motion pattern compared with the motion pattern of walking and pull-up. Methods: This work is descriptively-association study with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: Alternating activation of upper extremities (rope climbing without the lower extremities), we proved that the movement supporting lower extremities is quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Symmetric work of upper extremities (pull-up) is not in response at lower extremities quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Key words: Electromyography (EMG), quadruped, diagonal pattern, rope climbing, pull-up, walking
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