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IMPACT OF DRAINAGE CHANNELS ON RUNOFF REGIME IN FOREST CATCHMENT
Kalkus, Jan ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Jeníček, Michal (referee)
The main task of this diploma thesis is to evaluate function of system of open drainage channels and its impact on runoff from Tetřívčí brook forest catchment in Šumava mountains region, upper basin of the Blanice River. Catchment area is only 1,62 km2 and total length of all channels is over 12 km, so it's very important feature of this catchment. The first task was to explore to explore all the channels and set them to the map. Most of used data were measured manually, only precipitation and water level in main stream were measured by automatic gauges. It's not possible to compare results with state without channels, what is the main obstacle for data analysis. Measured channels normally contribute to total catchment runoff by 6 % to 39 %. About 20 % of channel length participate in runoff process in dry periods, in wet periods it can be even 90 % of channel length, what indicates functionality of drainage system. Actual soil saturation in the catchment is very important factor, it's expressed either by index API 5 (based on precipitation) or by groundwater level in 5 measured in separate drills. It's proved by channels responses in well-saturated periods. Runoff in measured channels raises up significantly after even very small precipitations of 1,7 mm. All results are suggesting, that total...
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Possible assessment of runoff variability at experimental catchments in Šumava Mountains
Kalkus, Jan ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Královec, Václav (referee)
Main aim of the thesis is to make an outline of possible indicators of runoff variability and options how to use these indicators to compare catchments of different attributes, based on literature review. Further is mentioned general information about experimental catchments and sorts of researchers which were made there. Applicative part aims at application of selected methods for central Šumava catchment (Ptačí creek, Rokytka river) and upper reaches of Blanice river (paired catchments of Tetřívčí and Zbytinský creek). Results of this part confirm some of previous research results made in the same locations. Keywords: runoff variability, runoff regime, experimental catchment, Šumava Mountains
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Influence of snow cover on catchment outflow in wooded and unwooded environment
Hintnaus, Ivo ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Jeníček, Michal (referee)
This work deals with the evaluation of snow cover and snow spatial distribution in experimental Zbytinský and Tetřivči stream basin. Snow mesaurements were focused on snow depth and a snow water equivalent. Interpolation metods and detailed monitoring of rainfall-flow process were applied in the period of the winter half-year 2009 - 2011. The effects of geografic factors on spatial distribution of snow cover in the accumulation period and in the snow melting period were analysed. The analysis of physical geografic factors effect was focused on vegetation, exposure, slope, wind flow and shading. Results confirmed the strong effect of vegetation in the accumulation and snow melting period. Other physical geografic effects on spatial distribution of snow cover were not so significant. The model HEC-HMS was applied to determine the runoff in both stream basins. Simulations result in the winter half-year period reached good agreement between observed and simulated hydrographs. Effects of snow cover contribution to runoff in the snow melting period in wooded Tetřívčí stream basin and also in antropogenic Zbytinský stream basin were proved based on simulations of outflow and snow water equivalent. Key words: snow depth, snow water equivalent, HEC-HMS, Blanice River basin, Zbytinský stream, Tetřívčí stream
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Temporal and spatial variability of selected runoff episodes in the headstream area of the Blanice River
Kodádková, Iveta ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Jeníček, Michal (referee)
This study is focused on the evaluation of selected rainfall-runoff episodes in terms of temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall and runoff in the upper basin of the Blanice River. HEC - HMS model with two variants of spatial discretization was used to achieve the results of the holistic approach. The main input data was quantitative precipitation estimation, which better assessed the spatial variability of rainfall fields than interpolated ground measurements. The model simulated five episodes. Contrary to expectations, southern headstream area of the basin showed lower coefficient of runoff in comparison with its northern part. Precipitation cores of epizods occurred over the northern part of the basin at the outlet. Outputs from the model were evaluated in relation to measurements carried out in the experimental basin Zbytiny. Key words: Blanice River, HEC-HMS, hydrologic modeling, quantitative precipitation estimation
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Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime
Doležal, Tomáš ; Kocum, Jan (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime Abstract: Despite a number of research projects, the influence of peat bogs on the hydrological regime remains a largely unexplored topic. In the past, several peat bogs in the Šumava National Park were exposed to a very strong anthropogenic pressure. Subsequently, revitalizing measures were applied to mitigate the impact of human interventions, to stop the degradation of these precious habitats, and to reform the disturbed peat bog water regime. This thesis is focused especially on fluctuations of water table level and on the hydrological regime in the catchments of Rokytka and Cikánský Brooks. Thesis further develops the topic solved in author's bachelor thesis called "Peat bog revitalizing measures and their effect on runoff dynamics in the Otava River headstream area." It contains experimental research of the influence of drainage canals and revitalizing measures on water table fluctuation. It also aims to identify the extent to which meteorological factors contribute to changes in groundwater level and to assess the present state of revitalization measures and their influence on the runoff regime. Key words: peat bogs, revitalizing measures, Šumava Mountains, water regime
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Analysis of flood events in the Upper Opava river source area
Lautnerová, Lucie ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Langhammer, Jakub (referee)
Present days are characterized by raising awareness of natural hazards, especially the risk of flood events. Extreme floods are connected with large - scale material damage and also endanger human lives. That's why the issue of flood formation and its possibility of forecasting has became disccused topic these days. Research of passed floods provides principles of effective flood protection in specific area. The main aim of this thesis is to analyse flood events that passed in the uper Opava river basin, concretely the source area containing the Černá, Střední and Bílá Opava river basins. This analysis refers about the flood frequency, different seasonal regime of floods occurence and looks for the relationship between atmospheric conditions and origin of flood events in the period of 1963 to 1997. Part of this thesis also summarizes main types of floods raised in the source area and compares different flood threat of the Černá, Střední and Bílá Opava rivers. There is also mentioned some basic differences of drainage formation, natural conditions and rainfall distribution in specific catchment area.
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Assessment of physical habitat quality as a basis for restoration of the Klíšský Brook
Vrška, Jaroslav ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of evaluating changes in physical habitat and possible revitalization of Klíšský stream. The bachelor's thesis uses the method of hydroecological monitoring HEM (Langhammer 2014), according to which the evaluation and presentation of the results of field research was performed. The research part of the thesis briefly summarizes the current knowledge in the field of hydromorphology. Furthermore, the research part focuses on current knowledge dealing with the evaluation of the effects of revitalization measures. The current state of the Klíšský brook is described and on the basis of the obtained data, data are collected as a basis for a possible revitalization study of selected sections of the stream. The negative anthropogenic influences acting on the given locality are also summarized. The performed hydromorphological survey and further analyzes are the basis material for further preparation of individual complex revitalization measures. Keywords: hydromorphology, fluvial-morphological characteristics, channel route, riparian belt, flood plain, restoration, restoration efect
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