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The Ideal of Knight and Knighthood in Czech Epic Poetry of 14th Century
Janošík, Milan ; Škarpová, Marie (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I focus on study the ideal of knighthood and its virtues and how they are displayed and presented in literary works O Jetřichovi Berúnském, Tandariáš a Floribella and Vévoda Arnošt. The analysis of these three rhymed epic compositions gives us a basic overview of virtues of knighthood, that in high and late medieval period had significant impact on the literary image of the ideal knight. The work deals with several topics, at first it is the idea of personal character virtues of the knight, second topic is the distinctive features in knight's appearance and his activities that he uses to show his rank and social class he belongs to. Above all, the work provides its reader closer look at the terms such as loyalty, generosity, and helping the others, which are the most frequent knighthood features appeared in the compositions. Other terms discussed are honour, mercy, bravery, and honesty as another virtues the knight presented in the compositions. Separate chapter is devoted to the tournaments, that were inseparable part of the knight's life.
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Theoretical reflection of the Old Czech amorous poetry
Kinter, Vojtěch ; Jaluška, Matouš (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to capture the progression of Czech literary medievistics since the Second World War and its relation to old Bohemian love poetry. Based on author's focus on philosophy he concentrates on the relation between Czech love poetry and its Western European counterparts and he studies how it was perceived by various researchers; by Václav Černý in particular. While a certain link of the uppermost medieval philosophical concepts to Occitan, French or German poetry is considered as a matter of fact the scientists are rather cautious in the case of old Bohemian poems. The findings will be brought forward in diachronic perspective. The preliminary conclusions of the changes in literary-scientific thinking about medieval Bohemian lyric will help to reveal possible blind spots in the previous research as well as to build a solid basis for future examination in this field. Finally, at the end of the thesis, contemporary theoretical methods for old Bohemian love poetry analysis will be presented.
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Heavenly Calm. The Role of Saintly Intervention in the Old Czech Chivalric Poetry
Jaluška, Matouš
The essay inspired by the Spatial and Religious Turns in contemporary humanities explores the role of space and safety in two Old Czech heroic romances adapted from Middle High German sources, Tristram a Izalda and Vévoda Arnošt. The Tristram story starts with a report about King Mark’s mili-tary campaign against the Slavs. It was during this conflict that Tristram’s parents got to know each other, the hero himself is, therefore, a product of an aggression against the listeners’ or readers’ homeland. The inevitable tragic end of the story looses a part of its grimness, because the public is aware of the connection between Tristram and the war. With Tristram’s death, the danger evapo-rated and the peace seemed to be restored. The benign closure is further secured by a new mo-nastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary, where the graves of Tristram and Izalda lie and where the former king Mark starts a new monastic career. Arnošt began his quest as a successful young nobleman whose widowed mother became a spouse of the Emperor. The jealousy of the Em-peror’s blood kin eventually drove Arnošt to vengeful murder after which he had to leave the country. After many adventures he finally arrived in the Holy Land, where he and his retinue of kobolds, giants and other humanoid creatures decisively defeated the King of Babylon and restored Christian dominance in the area. The story of Arnošt is inserted between two miracle-producing graves of mighty women, Empress Diana and Saint Ryngata, but the presence of a saint in this case did not facilitate the entombment of a difficult situation. Rather, it reminds the Christian reader about the ever available power of prayer and subsequent saintly intervention into this world. From this angle, Arnošt emerged as an especially powerful praying subject thanks to his unshakable de-meanor. Such slight adjustments of the Czech stories in comparison with their German counterpart lead to a palpable ΄sermonisation΄ of the material and can help us better assess the role played by the corpus of Old Czech chivalric poetry, in the milieu of the ΄Waning of the Middle Ages΄and gene-ral unrest of the 15th century.
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Courtly Love in the context of ludic elements of courtly culture (Cantigas de Santa Maria and the troubadour chansonnier R)
Jaluška, Matouš ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Martin (referee) ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (referee)
1./1 Courtly Love in the context of ludic elements of courtly culture (Cantigas de Santa Maria and the troubadour chansonnier R) Matouš Jaluška Abstract Dissertation Courtly Love in the context of ludic elements of courtly culture (Cantigas de Santa Maria and the troubadour chansonnier R) strives to refine on the common notion that the me- dieval courtly poetry is a kind of game. It is based in the tradition of thinking about playing, which is based on the essay Homo ludens of Johan Huizinga and continues through works of Roger Cailloise, Jacques Henriot and Eugen Fink to the current trend of Game Studies. Close reading of the authorities in the introductory chapter shows that each of them assigns an im- portant role to the notion of discontinuity or rupture that enables them to establish the game as a non-binding and safe world. The concept of troubadour poetic creation as a safe activity is explored in the second chapter based on the works of the two founding figures of the trouba- dour tradition, Guilhem de Peitieu ("the Count of Poitiers") and Marcabru. The comparison shows that the safety of troubadour poetry is closely connected with the idea of binding or non-binding language. Binding speech is strongly linked to the image of female power and the ability of women to breed offspring and thus to keep...
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Prophetia de duobus draconibus. Merlin's prophecies in medieval anglo-welsh conflicts
Jauernig, Jakub ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
Diploma thesis Prophetia de duobus draconibus - Merlin's prophecies in medieval anglo-welsh conflicts deals with a political use of prophecies in a struggle between an English monarchs and Welsh princes. The most important among the prophecies are those revealed by Merlin. These include an interpretation of the combat between the red and the white dragon, which represent Wales and England. This thesis focuses on the character of Merlin the prophet, the medieval interpretation of the prophecies and their ultimate use in a political argumentation.
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Intimacy and solitude in Chretien de Troyes' works and in the Czech courtly romance
Šorm, Martin ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
(in English): Intimacy and solitude in Chrétien de Troyes' works and in the Czech courtly romance The thesis studies some literary images of interiority, profound emotions and thougts, solitude and the need for privacy as these are depicted in the romances of Chrétien de Troyes and in the works of his continuators (namely those connected with the Tristan romances). They are interpreted as an expression of the medieval poets' effort to influence their public, to cultivate and to present some interesting subjects and important questions in the guise of a fictional story. There are striking descriptions of the unbalance between solitude and social duties, positive or negative evaluation of human solitude (always depending on the narrator's intention), or symbolical objects from the intimate sphere used as manifest means of political representation. Martin Šorm
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The Cantigas de Santa Maria as a means of self-presentation of the king Alfonso X the Wise
Jaluška, Matouš ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The thesis deals with a method of self-presentation employed by the king of Castile Alphonse X the Learned (†1284) as it appears in his Marian songbook Cantigas de Santa Maria, where the king proclaims himself to be a troubadour of the Virgin Mary, thus creating a double character of king-troubadour. The first part presents an analysis of the »king« aspect of this double character and the alfonsine concept of monarch as a comprehending head of the people. In the second part the troubadour persona of the king is scrutinized with special emphasis on proximity between those two concepts. It is shown along the way how the close relation with the saint enables the king to enrich his secular regal power with a touch of sanctity independent of Rome.
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Jan Hus, husitství a husitské války
Soukup, Daniel ; Jaluška, Matouš
Soubor textů, které se v rámci 600. výročí upálení Jana Husa v Kostnici zaměřují na ohlas jeho učení a celého husitského hnutí v kultuře 15. věku, ale i následujících staletí, přináší interdisciplinární přesahy a kombinuje medievistická témata se studiem druhého života Jana Husa a jeho následovníků.
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