|
|
How matching grants and their size affect behaviour and where
Caisl, Jakub ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Štika, Pavel (referee)
In this work we focus on a large scale randomized field experiment described in Karlan & List(2007). Using direct mail solicitations to more than 50000 prior donors of a large U.S. non-profit organization, they examine the effects of matching grants on behaviour. They describe the effects of the matching grants in general, for the whole population, and find that matching grant size has no impact on behaviour. We use a different approach, dividing the population into subgroups by income and education and then measuring the effects of matching grant size on donating behaviour in these subgroups. We find significant heterogenity in the effects of grant size on behaviour. Also we try to apply the theory of social identity when interpreting the effects of matching grants.
|
|
|
Earnings profiles and money illusion
Todica, Doina ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Štika, Pavel (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to test the existence of money illusion among the working population of the Republic of Moldova. The author of the thesis conducted a survey in March 2010, and results suggest that under the presence of rather high inflation, and a larger increase in nominal wage relative to real wage, Moldovan workers are prone to money illusion, this influences their earning profiles over time and across economic sectors; more than that this finding is important in explaining why workers change the economic sector, or why some sectors of the economy are characterized by grater fluctuations than other. To the author's best knowledge, this represents the first time a study of this kind is conducted in the Republic of Moldova.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Economy of communion
Vavřina, Marek ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Štika, Pavel (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to critically evaluate the way how neoclassical economics describes human behaviour. Most important fact is considered to be that people, during their lives, are becoming members of many communities which more or less influence their decision making. First chapter of this thesis deals with human rationality from different points of view. Following chapter describes theories and types of communities. Thesis also includes mathematical models which show possibilities of economic survival of each member of the community in dependence on their relationships and involvement. Following chapter contains basic theory of Labor - Managed companies. Last chapter describes factual communities in which solidarity and involvement plays crucial role for their survival.
|
|
|
Altruism in economics
Zdeněk, Jakub ; Štika, Pavel (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Jiří (referee)
In this thesis I set up an alternative approach to the phenomenon of altruism. I point out current dominant economic approaches imperfections and presenting alternative approach to this phenomenon based on psychological motivation for altruistic behaviour. This approach attaches importance to social nature of man. It deals with altruism through relational goods which represent human relationship in economics. It allows to describe altruism and avoid dominant economical approaches imperfections. Social nature of man and Relational Goods are characterized by reciprocity in interpersonal relationships. That is an important part of common life, but it is unreachable with an individualist methodology of mainstream economics.
|
|
|
Alternative Economical Apporach to the Phenomenon of Altruism
Štika, Pavel ; Hlaváček, Jiří (advisor) ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (referee)
In this paper I propose a possible solution which can enable economics to tackle the phenomenon of genuine altruism motivated purely by an interest in welfare of the others. In the second chapter I suggest methodological basis, which enables us to handle the issue. Inspired by post-classical streams of economic thought I come out from the concept of methodological realism leading to an organismic perception of men. Habitual behaviour is then identified as a response of procedurally rational individual to the environment of fundamental uncertainty. In the third chapter I further enlarge perceiving of men by the conception of Jung's psychology of personality and the theory of cognitive dissonance. Distorting influence of the unconscious part of psyche and conceptual way of reality perception enhance importance of habits. Interpretation of habits is - beside behavioural habits - widened by habits called perceptional. In the fourth chapter I present a brief overview of two motivation theories - motivation coming out from Maslow's approach of hierarchization of needs and motivation coming out of the theory of habit bolstering. In the fifth chapter I propose a model, which reflects all the facts mentioned above. As an optimal response to the model environment I identify certain form of altruism...
|
|
| |
|
|
Alternative econoical approach to the phenomenon of altruism
Štika, Pavel ; Hlaváček, Jiří (advisor)
In this paper I propose a possible solution which can enable economics to tackle the phenomenon of genuine altruism motivated purely by an interest in welfare of the others. In the second chapter I suggest methodological basis, which enables us to handle the issue. Inspired by post-classical streams of economic thought I come out from the concept of methodological realism leading to an organismic perception of men. Habitual behaviour is then identified as a response of procedurally rational individual to the environment of fundamental uncertainty. In the third chapter I further enlarge perceiving of men by the conception of Jung's psychology of personality and the theory of cognitive dissonance. Distorting influence of the unconscious part of psyche and conceptual way of reality perception enhance importance of habits. Interpretation of habits is - beside behavioural habits - widened by habits called perceptional. In the fourth chapter I present a brief overview of two motivation theories - motivation coming out from Maslow's approach of hierarchization of needs and motivation coming out of the theory of habit bolstering. In the fifth chapter I propose a model, which reflects all the facts mentioned above. As an optimal response to the model environment I identify certain form of altruism represented by...
|
|
| |
guest ::
