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Simulation of geometry of key hole depending on the welding parametrs in laser deep penetration welding
Křivan, Miloš ; Šarbort, Martin (referee) ; Mrňa, Libor (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on simulation of keyhole creation in laser deep penetration welding and on the effect of welding parameters on the geometry of keyhole (weld). With reference to this issue theories of keyhole creation are described. 2D simulation model that is created in mathematical software Matlab is verified pursuant welding results of non-alloy constructional steel 1. 0122 and stainless steel 1.4301. Effect of welding parameters on the geometry of keyhole and on the quality of weld is investigated through the welds in non-alloy steel 1.0122.
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Frequency references and dissemination
Hrabina, Jan ; Pravdová, Lenka ; Šarbort, Martin ; Čížek, Martin ; Holá, Miroslava ; Oulehla, Jindřich ; Pokorný, Pavel ; Lazar, Josef ; Číp, Ondřej
The work deals with an overview of research topics of the “Frequency references and dissemination” group, Department of Coherence Optics, Institute of Scientific Instruments, Czech Academy of Sciences. These topics include frequency locking of lasers by laser spectroscopy and high-finnese optical cavities, digital holography and optical frequency tranfers through fiber and free-space optical links.
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Measurement and simulation of back-reflected radiation during penetration laser welding
Horník, Petr ; Mrňa, Libor ; Šarbort, Martin ; Šebestová, Hana
The laser welding process is accompanied by a wide range of radiation, both in the visible part of the spectrum and thermal radiation of the weld pool, and last but not least, the laser radiation itself. During penetration laser welding mode, which is often used, the keyhole is created. Most of the laser radiation is absorbed by the multiple reflections inside the keyhole, but a small portion is reflected back and passes through the welding head and the optical fiber. Back-reflected laser radiation is also monitored directly in the laser to protect the resonator and other optical components. The signal is easily accessible and obtained data can be used for monitoring during the welding process. Therefore, we designed experiment in which the relationship between weld dimensions, focal position, and back-reflected laser radiation was investigated. Furthermore, the measurement results were compared with the simulation.
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Grazing incidence interferometer for form measurement of hollow cylinders
Šarbort, Martin ; Řeřucha, Šimon ; Holá, Miroslava ; Lazar, Josef
Optical metrology of cylindrical specimens represents an interesting task in scientific and\nindustrial practice. The most precise measurement methods use principles of laser\ninterferometry where the phase difference between the reference wave and the object wave reflected from the tested surface is detected. The form measurement of hollow cylindrical tubes can be advantageously realized by an object wave with conical wavefronts generated by an axicon lens or an equivalent diffractive optical element. An axicon characterized by large apex angle forms a conical wave that fulfills the conditions of the grazing incidence, which results in suppression of the speckle noise. The previous experimental setups were relatively complex since they involved a pair of mutually reversed axicons or a pair of diffractive optical elements that transform the object wave from planar to conical and vice\nversa.
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Automatic system for gauge blocks calibration optimized for legal length metrology
Buchta, Zdeněk ; Šarbort, Martin ; Čížek, Martin ; Hucl, Václav ; Řeřucha, Šimon ; Pikálek, Tomáš ; Dvořáčková, Š. ; Dvořáček, F. ; Kůr, J. ; Konečný, P. ; Lazar, Josef ; Číp, Ondřej
This paper presents a contactless system for automatic and contactless gauge blocks calibration based on combination of laser interferometry and low-coherence interferometry. In the presented system, the contactless measurement of the absolute gauge block length is done as a single-step operation without any change in optical setup during the measurement. The optical setup is combined with compact gauge block changer with capacity 126 gauge blocks, which makes the resulting system fully automatic. \nThe paper also presents in detail a set of optimization steps which have been done in order to transform the original experimental setup into the automatic system which meets legal length metrology requirements. To prove the measurement traceability, we conducted a set of gauge block length measurement comparing data from the optimized system and the established reference system and TESA–UPC operated in Czech Metrology Institute laboratory.
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Simulation of geometry of key hole depending on the welding parametrs in laser deep penetration welding
Křivan, Miloš ; Šarbort, Martin (referee) ; Mrňa, Libor (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on simulation of keyhole creation in laser deep penetration welding and on the effect of welding parameters on the geometry of keyhole (weld). With reference to this issue theories of keyhole creation are described. 2D simulation model that is created in mathematical software Matlab is verified pursuant welding results of non-alloy constructional steel 1. 0122 and stainless steel 1.4301. Effect of welding parameters on the geometry of keyhole and on the quality of weld is investigated through the welds in non-alloy steel 1.0122.
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Adaptive optics for control of the laser welding process
Mrňa, Libor ; Šarbort, Martin ; Řeřucha, Šimon ; Jedlička, Petr
The laser head with fixed focus optics is commonly used for the deep penetration laser welding. In such case the geometry and position of the beam waist are defined by the focusing lens. If the laser beam incident on the focusing lens is not well collimated but divergent and its divergence can be varied by proper adaptive optical elements, then also the geometry and position of the focus will be changeable. In this way it is possible to affect the energy coupling from the laser beam to the keyhole walls and thus to control the geometry and quality of the weld. In this paper we present a theoretical and numerical study of the beam shaping by adaptive optics and its influence on the weld quality. For the CO2 laser welding machine the adaptive optics was realized by a deformable mirror and its effect was tested also experimentally. For the solid-state laser welding machine we designed a laser head with changeable distance between the optical fiber and the collimating lens and we simulated its performance.
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