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Hmotnostní a energetické toky v souvislostech podnikového environmentálního účetnictví
Farský, M. ; Neruda, M. ; Neruda, Roman
During the implementation of an environmental accounting system in a company, one of the most important pieces of information to obtain is a detailed understanding about material flows (raw materials, semi-finished products, final products and wastes) and flows of different types of energy inputs (buying, selling and wastage) when thinking about the consequences on the company. The authors, in the article: 1) study the question of the quantification of the flows, and the accuracy of their measurement, 2) provide an environmental accounting statement, with help of standards and indices, statistical trends analysis.
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Artificial intelligence with regards to relations among mind, body and machine
Farská, Kateřina ; Sigmund, Tomáš (advisor) ; Brixí, Radim (referee)
This thesis is dealing with relation between man and machine in terms of mind, life and body with regards to artificial intelligence. The first part of the work focuses on explanation of the historical preconditions for the emergence of artificial intelligence. A very important milestone can be found in separation of mind and body in Descartes' dualistic approach. Cartesian dualism highlighted the mind-body problem, which even nowadays is being inflected in connections with artificial intelligence. Newtonian mechanics, which is built on the Descartes' thoughts, applied the idea of the world as a mechanical machine which ultimately led to the fact that the human body began to be understood as a machine. This creates space for thoughts about constructing an artificial being -- thinking machine. Artificial intelligence is being confronted with the relationship between man and machine. In the second part of the work an analysis of the differences and congruencies between these two entities will be made -- with regards to the concepts such as machine, life, natural, artificial, mental state, mind, consciousness, body. The findings will be compared and the nature of the relationship between man and machine will be carried out accordingly to them. The last part of the work will investigate how the findings of the relationship between man and machine, mind and body are being applied in different approaches of artificial intelligence. Particularly, a detailed analysis of computer functionalism will be made. This traditional concept of artificial intelligence is based on the assumption of algorithmical nature of mind that can be modeled using symbolic representations. The analysis will be complemented by alternative approaches in artificial intelligence -- connectionism and enaction-based artificial intelligence. All the three approaches will be evaluated accordingly to the findings made in the previous part of the work. The purpose of this work is to highlight the importance of the relationship between man and machine, mind and body with regards to artificial intelligence and the further development and direction of this discipline. The work will track the line of Cartesian-Newtonian thinking in the context of the issue. The potentialities and limitations of this paradigm, dualistic and materialistic (mechanistic) approach will be pointed out. In this work, the method of summarization and compilation, based on presenting the relevant information and explanation of their relations and context, was chosen.
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Meaning of cognitive processes for creating artificial intelligence
Smutný, Zdeněk ; Pstružina, Karel (advisor) ; Kelemen, Jozef (referee)
This diploma thesis brings an integral view at cognitive processes connected with artificial intelligence systems, and makes a comparison with the processes observed in nature, including human being. A historical background helps us to look at the whole issue from a certain point of view. The main axis of interest comes after the historical overview and includes the following: environment -- stimulations -- processing -- reflection in the cognitive system -- reaction to stimulation; I balance the approach and the limited potential of the human being against the machine (or artificial intelligence). In the last part, there are introduced two projects that have been already implemented in the inteligent transport systems, and their potential for the further expansion and development is shown here. The main emphasis is placed on the coherence between each part of this thesis and cognitive processes, and on the relation and the mutual dependence of these processes.
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Artificial intelligence
Duda, Antonín ; Jirků, Petr (advisor) ; Berka, Petr (referee)
Abstract : Issue of this work is to acquaint the reader with the history of artificial inteligence, esspecialy branch of chess computing. Main attention is given to progress from fifties to the present. The work also deals with fighting chess programs against each other, and against human opponents. The greatest attention is focused on 1997 and duel Garry Kasparov against chess program Deep Blue. The work is divided into chapters according to chronological order.
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History of Artificial Intelligence - Neural Networks
Šuchman, Ondřej ; Jirků, Petr (advisor) ; Berka, Petr (referee)
The main aim of my bachelor thesis is to map historical development of neural networks from the beginning (first mathematical model of neuron from 1943) to present and application of neural networks to "intelligent" devices, which can recognize the patterns, graphical data or convert English written text to the oral form (NETtalk). I have carefully studied the literature named in the chapter "Literatura a zdroje" in order to achieve this aim. In the first charter there is the theoretical survey about the field of artificial intelligence and neural networks. Then the thesis is well-arranged to five periods, which were important for neural networks in either good or bad way. To the most important discoveries are dedicated more space and there is mentioned their functionality and using possibilities. There is not enough space on this thesis to cover all the neural networks ever made. The aim of the thesis is to demostrate certain kinds of networks, their first usage, the most important algorithms and also to mention the significant applications of neural networks.
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