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Transducers in Automata Library Mata
Chocholatý, David ; Lengál, Ondřej (oponent) ; Holík, Lukáš (vedoucí práce)
We implement finite transducers in a new fast and simple automata library Mata. Finite transducers are finite state machines modelling rational relations. Our primary use case for finite transducers is encoding replace operations (replacing a word or a regular pattern with a string literal). A recent automata-based SMT string solver Z3-Noodler uses Mata as a backbone of its decision procedure. Z3-Noodler needs finite transducers to analyse string manipulating programs with replace operations. The analysis of said programs used in web applications prevents software attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) or code injection. The distinctive features of Mata include simplicity (simple to use, modify and extend) and efficiency (fast to run). We design the representation and algorithms for finite transducers to fit the simplicity and efficiency requirements. We inherit and extend the existing data structures and algorithms for finite automata in Mata to represent the finite transducers and their operations. The representation for finite transducers serves as a common data structure and interface for the finite transducers and future representation of automata using multi-terminal binary decision diagrams to handle large alphabets. We further extend the design with algorithms to construct finite transducers modelling replace operations defined in SMT-LIB. Finally, we run an experimental evaluation of performance of finite transducers in Mata on a new benchmark with replace operations from runs of Z3-Noodler and from solving problems in pattern matching.
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Automata in Infinite-state Formal Verification
Lengál, Ondřej ; Jančar, Petr (oponent) ; Veith, Helmut (oponent) ; Esparza, Javier (oponent) ; Vojnar, Tomáš (vedoucí práce)
The work presented in this thesis focuses on finite state automata over finite words and finite trees, and the use of such automata in formal verification of infinite-state systems. First, we focus on extensions of a previously introduced framework for verifi cation of heap-manipulating programs-in particular programs with complex dynamic data structures-based on tree automata. We propose several extensions to the framework, such as making it fully automated or extending it to consider ordering over data values. Further, we also propose novel decision procedures for two logics that are often used in formal verification: separation logic and weak monadic second order logic of one successor. These decision procedures are based on a translation of the problem into the domain of automata and subsequent manipulation in the target domain. Finally, we have also developed new approaches for efficient manipulation with tree automata, mainly for testing language inclusion and for handling automata with large alphabets, and implemented them in a library for general use. The developed algorithms are used as the key technology to make the above mentioned techniques feasible in practice.
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Syntaktická analýza založená na gramatických a automatových systémech
Šoustar, Jakub ; Kocman, Radim (oponent) ; Meduna, Alexandr (vedoucí práce)
Tato práce se zabývá syntaktickou analýzou s využitím systémů paralelně komunikujících zásobníkových automatů. Zejména se zaměřuje na dopady nedeterminismu v jednotlivých komponentách na celý systém. Také je představen návrh algoritmu pro převod některých paralelně komunikujících gramatických systémů na systémy paralelně komunikujících zásobníkových automatů. Získané poznatky jsou použity při návrhu a implementaci metody syntaktické analýzy.
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Simulace a protiřetězce pro efektivní práci s konečnými automaty
Holík, Lukáš ; Černá, Ivana (oponent) ; Jančar, Petr (oponent) ; Vojnar, Tomáš (vedoucí práce)
This thesis is focused on techniques for finite automata and their use in practice, with the main emphasis on nondeterministic tree automata. This concerns namely techniques for size reduction and language inclusion testing, which are two problems that are crucial for many applications of tree automata. For size reduction of tree automata, we adapt the simulation quotient technique that is well established for finite word automata. We give efficient algorithms for computing tree automata simulations and we also introduce a new type of relation that arises from a combination of tree automata downward and upward simulation and that is very well suited for quotienting. The combination principle is relevant also for word automata. We then generalise the so called antichain universality and language inclusion checking technique developed originally for finite word automata for tree automata. Subsequently, we improve the antichain technique for both word and tree automata by combining it with the simulation-based inclusion checking techniques, significantly improving efficiency of the antichain method. We then show how the developed reduction and inclusion checking methods improve the method of abstract regular tree model checking, the method that was the original motivation for starting the work on tree automata. Both the reduction and the language inclusion methods are based on relatively simple and general principles that can be further extended for other types of automata and related formalisms. An example is our adaptation of the reduction methods for alternating Büchi automata, which results in an efficient alternating automata size reduction technique.
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Automata in Infinite-state Formal Verification
Lengál, Ondřej ; Jančar, Petr (oponent) ; Veith, Helmut (oponent) ; Esparza, Javier (oponent) ; Vojnar, Tomáš (vedoucí práce)
The work presented in this thesis focuses on finite state automata over finite words and finite trees, and the use of such automata in formal verification of infinite-state systems. First, we focus on extensions of a previously introduced framework for verifi cation of heap-manipulating programs-in particular programs with complex dynamic data structures-based on tree automata. We propose several extensions to the framework, such as making it fully automated or extending it to consider ordering over data values. Further, we also propose novel decision procedures for two logics that are often used in formal verification: separation logic and weak monadic second order logic of one successor. These decision procedures are based on a translation of the problem into the domain of automata and subsequent manipulation in the target domain. Finally, we have also developed new approaches for efficient manipulation with tree automata, mainly for testing language inclusion and for handling automata with large alphabets, and implemented them in a library for general use. The developed algorithms are used as the key technology to make the above mentioned techniques feasible in practice.
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Simulace a protiřetězce pro efektivní práci s konečnými automaty
Holík, Lukáš ; Černá, Ivana (oponent) ; Jančar, Petr (oponent) ; Vojnar, Tomáš (vedoucí práce)
This thesis is focused on techniques for finite automata and their use in practice, with the main emphasis on nondeterministic tree automata. This concerns namely techniques for size reduction and language inclusion testing, which are two problems that are crucial for many applications of tree automata. For size reduction of tree automata, we adapt the simulation quotient technique that is well established for finite word automata. We give efficient algorithms for computing tree automata simulations and we also introduce a new type of relation that arises from a combination of tree automata downward and upward simulation and that is very well suited for quotienting. The combination principle is relevant also for word automata. We then generalise the so called antichain universality and language inclusion checking technique developed originally for finite word automata for tree automata. Subsequently, we improve the antichain technique for both word and tree automata by combining it with the simulation-based inclusion checking techniques, significantly improving efficiency of the antichain method. We then show how the developed reduction and inclusion checking methods improve the method of abstract regular tree model checking, the method that was the original motivation for starting the work on tree automata. Both the reduction and the language inclusion methods are based on relatively simple and general principles that can be further extended for other types of automata and related formalisms. An example is our adaptation of the reduction methods for alternating Büchi automata, which results in an efficient alternating automata size reduction technique.
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Syntaktická analýza založená na gramatických a automatových systémech
Šoustar, Jakub ; Kocman, Radim (oponent) ; Meduna, Alexandr (vedoucí práce)
Tato práce se zabývá syntaktickou analýzou s využitím systémů paralelně komunikujících zásobníkových automatů. Zejména se zaměřuje na dopady nedeterminismu v jednotlivých komponentách na celý systém. Také je představen návrh algoritmu pro převod některých paralelně komunikujících gramatických systémů na systémy paralelně komunikujících zásobníkových automatů. Získané poznatky jsou použity při návrhu a implementaci metody syntaktické analýzy.
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