|
|
Crosslinking of polysaccharide microfibers
Svidroňová, Barbora ; Abdellatif, Abdelmohsan (oponent) ; Vojtová, Lucy (vedoucí práce)
The general goal of the proposed diploma work was preparation and characterization of crosslinked hyaluronan microfibres, which would be stable in aqueous environment with proper mechanical properties. The fibres prepared by the wet spinning technique, were crosslinked with solution containing crosslinking reagent 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide or two crosslinking reagents, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, leading to amidation and formation of ester bonds. Characterization of prepared samples is the main goal of experimental part of the thesis. The swelling characteristics were carried out to determine the stability of fibres in three different solutions (with pH 7.4, 3 and 11). For determination of thermal stability was used thermogravimetrical analysis, and for determination of esterification and amidation was used infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. Mechanical properties of fibres were studied by stress-strain tester. Additionally, the rheological properties were investigated, as well as the microstructure and surface of fibres by scanning electron microscopy. The fibres before chemical crosslinking had lower stability in all three types of solutions; the thermal stability was also lower, than the stability of crosslinked fibres. For not chemically modified fibres with crosslinking reagent, only one type of peak for esterification occurred. The infrared spectra of chemically crosslinked fibres showed the presence of two esterification peaks, which was the result of the effectiveness of the crosslinkig reagent. Amidation was also stronger for crosslinked fibres, especially for fibres crosslinked long time and in the solution with higher concentration of crosslinking reagent. Due to the heterogeneity of fibres, mechanical properties did not show evidence of any dependence on the crosslinking. The rheological study showed that the viscosity of fibre dissolved in water is less dependent on the shear rate than the powder of sodium hyaluronan dissolved in water. Despite more different methods of characterization of fibres which were used in this work, there are still many options for better characterization and closer understanding of this biopolymeric material.
|
|
|
The hydration of hyaluronic acid
Průšová, Alena ; Šimon, Peter (oponent) ; Kučerík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
Hydration is a crucial factor influencing the secondary structure and consequently the function of molecules present in living systems. Due to mutual affinity of water molecules, they form specific structures which composition and physical properties are affected by the presence of an extraneous molecule. Hyaluronan belongs to the group of biomolecules having large binding and retention capability for water. The aim of this work was to investigate the hydration of different molecular fractions hyaluronan and enumerate the amount of water in individual hydration layers. In the first part, the differential scanning calorimetry was used. In the second part of the work, based on the change in compressibility, the bound water was studied using high resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy.
|
|
| |
|
|
Studium hydratace biokoloidů
Hývnarová, Lucie ; Sedláček, Petr (oponent) ; Klučáková, Martina (vedoucí práce)
Předmětem studia této diplomové práce bylo prozkoumání hydratačních vlastností vybraných biokoloidů. Konkrétně byly zkoumány huminové látky (fulvinové a huminové kyseliny), hyaluronové kyseliny ve třech molekulových hmotnostech, dextran a chitosan. Hydratační vlastnosti vybraných biokoloidních látek byly zkoumány různými metodami. Byl sledován vliv obsahu vody při rozpouštění látek a různá doba, po kterou voda působila na biokoloidy. Výsledkem měření diferenční kompenzační kalorimetrie DSC byly entalpie a teploty krystalizace a tání. Při použití perfúzní kalorimetrie byly výsledkem tepelné toky. K určení vlhkosti použitých biokoloidů, po měření perfúzní kalorimetri, byla použita termogravimetrické analýza TGA.
|
|
|
Časově rozlišená fluorescence ve výzkumu koloidních systémů
Černá, Ladislava ; Ouzzane, Imad (oponent) ; Mravec, Filip (vedoucí práce)
Tato práce je zaměřena na stanovení základních spektrálních charakteristik jako maximum fluorescence a doba života u fluorescenčních sond prodanu [6-propionyl-2-(dimethylamino)naftalen] a perylenu pomocí ustálené a časově rozlišené fluorescenční spektroskopie. Časově rozlišená měření byla realizována prostřednictvím metody TCSPC (time-correlated single photon counting). Charakteristiky prodanu byly zjištěny ve vodě, acetonu, n-heptanu a jejich směsích, tak aby vznikla polaritní škála prostředí. Dále byly obě zmíněné sondy zkoumány v systémech vodných roztoků kyseliny hyaluronové o molekulové hmotnosti 300 kDa a o koncentraci 10 mg•l-1 spolu s kationaktivním tenzidem CTAB (cetyltrimethylamonium bromid) v rozsahu koncentrací od 0,01 po 0,20 mmol•l-1 (před CMC). Cílem bylo potvrdit dosažení a rozsah kritické agregační koncentrace tenzidu (CAC), zjistit základní spektrální charakteristiky zmíněných sond v tomto koncentračním rozsahu a ověřit stabilitu tohoto systému v přítomnosti NaCl o koncentraci 0,15 mol•l-1. Metodou TCSPC byla dále získána časově rozlišená emisní spektra prodanu pro systém kyseliny hyaluronové a CTAB při jedné koncentraci CTAB v rozmezí CAC a to jak bez soli, tak se solí o koncentraci 0,15 mol•l-1. Získaná časově rozlišená spektra korelovala s výsledky měření koncentračního rozsahu CAC tenzidu. Po přidání soli se systém CAC prokázal jako nestabilní.
|
|
|
Dynamic tensiometry of biocolloids
Kulilová, Pavlína ; Mašek, David (oponent) ; Pekař, Miloslav (vedoucí práce)
Hyaluronic acid is currently one of the biomolecules with great interest which is widely used in medicine and cosmetics and its investigation is very important for future use. The aim of this work was to investigate the surface behavior, using dynamic tensiometry method, of different systems namely hyaluronic acid, its hydrophobic derivatives and SDS solutions for comparison. These compounds were investigated in water and in sodium counterions. The observed systems were measured in various concentration ranges under the laboratory temperature. It was performed two methods employing a BPA-800P Bubble Pressure Tensiometer which is completely new apparatus and new technique of tensiometry measuring. There were proposed some experiments for biocolloids research to find usable possibilities of this apparatus for next research works. Results of thesis show single surfactants differences depending on their concentration and used environment. Hyaluronic acid exhibits no surface activity in contrast to its derivatives and SDS.
|
|
|
Studium hydratace biokoloidů
Hývnarová, Lucie ; Sedláček, Petr (oponent) ; Klučáková, Martina (vedoucí práce)
Předmětem studia této diplomové práce bylo prozkoumání hydratačních vlastností vybraných biokoloidů. Konkrétně byly zkoumány huminové látky (fulvinové a huminové kyseliny), hyaluronové kyseliny ve třech molekulových hmotnostech, dextran a chitosan. Hydratační vlastnosti vybraných biokoloidních látek byly zkoumány různými metodami. Byl sledován vliv obsahu vody při rozpouštění látek a různá doba, po kterou voda působila na biokoloidy. Výsledkem měření diferenční kompenzační kalorimetrie DSC byly entalpie a teploty krystalizace a tání. Při použití perfúzní kalorimetrie byly výsledkem tepelné toky. K určení vlhkosti použitých biokoloidů, po měření perfúzní kalorimetri, byla použita termogravimetrické analýza TGA.
|
|
|
Crosslinking of polysaccharide microfibers
Svidroňová, Barbora ; Abdellatif, Abdelmohsan (oponent) ; Vojtová, Lucy (vedoucí práce)
The general goal of the proposed diploma work was preparation and characterization of crosslinked hyaluronan microfibres, which would be stable in aqueous environment with proper mechanical properties. The fibres prepared by the wet spinning technique, were crosslinked with solution containing crosslinking reagent 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide or two crosslinking reagents, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, leading to amidation and formation of ester bonds. Characterization of prepared samples is the main goal of experimental part of the thesis. The swelling characteristics were carried out to determine the stability of fibres in three different solutions (with pH 7.4, 3 and 11). For determination of thermal stability was used thermogravimetrical analysis, and for determination of esterification and amidation was used infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. Mechanical properties of fibres were studied by stress-strain tester. Additionally, the rheological properties were investigated, as well as the microstructure and surface of fibres by scanning electron microscopy. The fibres before chemical crosslinking had lower stability in all three types of solutions; the thermal stability was also lower, than the stability of crosslinked fibres. For not chemically modified fibres with crosslinking reagent, only one type of peak for esterification occurred. The infrared spectra of chemically crosslinked fibres showed the presence of two esterification peaks, which was the result of the effectiveness of the crosslinkig reagent. Amidation was also stronger for crosslinked fibres, especially for fibres crosslinked long time and in the solution with higher concentration of crosslinking reagent. Due to the heterogeneity of fibres, mechanical properties did not show evidence of any dependence on the crosslinking. The rheological study showed that the viscosity of fibre dissolved in water is less dependent on the shear rate than the powder of sodium hyaluronan dissolved in water. Despite more different methods of characterization of fibres which were used in this work, there are still many options for better characterization and closer understanding of this biopolymeric material.
|
|
|
Dynamic tensiometry of biocolloids
Kulilová, Pavlína ; Mašek, David (oponent) ; Pekař, Miloslav (vedoucí práce)
Hyaluronic acid is currently one of the biomolecules with great interest which is widely used in medicine and cosmetics and its investigation is very important for future use. The aim of this work was to investigate the surface behavior, using dynamic tensiometry method, of different systems namely hyaluronic acid, its hydrophobic derivatives and SDS solutions for comparison. These compounds were investigated in water and in sodium counterions. The observed systems were measured in various concentration ranges under the laboratory temperature. It was performed two methods employing a BPA-800P Bubble Pressure Tensiometer which is completely new apparatus and new technique of tensiometry measuring. There were proposed some experiments for biocolloids research to find usable possibilities of this apparatus for next research works. Results of thesis show single surfactants differences depending on their concentration and used environment. Hyaluronic acid exhibits no surface activity in contrast to its derivatives and SDS.
|
|
|
The hydration of hyaluronic acid
Průšová, Alena ; Šimon, Peter (oponent) ; Kučerík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
Hydration is a crucial factor influencing the secondary structure and consequently the function of molecules present in living systems. Due to mutual affinity of water molecules, they form specific structures which composition and physical properties are affected by the presence of an extraneous molecule. Hyaluronan belongs to the group of biomolecules having large binding and retention capability for water. The aim of this work was to investigate the hydration of different molecular fractions hyaluronan and enumerate the amount of water in individual hydration layers. In the first part, the differential scanning calorimetry was used. In the second part of the work, based on the change in compressibility, the bound water was studied using high resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy.
|
host ::
RSS.