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Spectroelectrochemical Devices for Monitoring of Intermediates and Products on Carbonbased Composite Electrodes
Vaněčková, Eva ; Šikula, M. ; Hrdlička, Vojtěch ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Kolivoška, Viliam
Spectroelectrochemistry (SEC), as an interdisciplinary field, provides us with more comprehensive information about electroactive molecules involved in charge transfer reactions. Commercially\navailable SEC cells most often have an incorporated platinum working electrode, which can limit the range of the usable potential window and, in addition, can complicate the analysis due to the\nabsorption phenomenon. In this work, we designed and manufactured two types of custom-made SEC cells employing optically transparent carbon-based working electrodes for UV-Vis monitoring of reactants and electrogenerated intermediates and products. The first SEC cell is entirely manufactured by 3D printing using fused deposition modeling (FDM) by combining optically transparent (PET) and electrically conductive (PLA-CB) filaments. The second SEC cell employs pencil graphite (PG) rods as the working electrode (PGE) and its body is manually assembled from quartz slides. The functionality of the FDM 3D printed SEC cell and manually assembled quartz SEC cell were verified by cyclic voltammetry with in situ UV-Vis spectroscopic absorption monitoring of ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate (Ru(ac)3) redox-active probe dissolved in an aqueous or non-aqueous deaerated solvent, respectively. Both presented cells enable complete redox reversible conversion and strictly oxygen-free conditions.
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3D-printed Electrodes with Nearly Ideal Charge Transfer Characteristics
Vaněčková, Eva ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Kolivoška, Viliam
3D printing is an outstanding manufacturing tool for prototyping customized designs at reduced time and costs, having found applications in fields such as medicine or the automotive industry. The development of printable electrically conductive composite materials brought a revolution to electrochemistry, with 3D-printed electrodes being intensively studied from the viewpoint of\nanalytical performance and stability. However, it is often reported that 3D-printed electrodes have poor charge transfer characteristics, typically due to limited exposure of the electrically conductive phase at the composite surface to the surrounding solution. In this work, we devise and apply simple electrochemical activation procedures that lead to a significant improvement of charge transfer characteristics of 3D printed electrodes.
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3D Printed Microfluidic Cell for Spectroelectrochemical Analysis
Šikula, M. ; Vaněčková, Eva ; Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kolivoška, Viliam
Recent advances in fused deposition modeling 3D printing (FDM 3DP) enabled \nthe manufacture of customized spectroelectrochemical (SEC) devices. Despite significant progress, \nreported designs still rely on conventional optical components (windows and cuvettes). In this \nwork, we apply bi-material FDM 3DP combining electrically conductive and optically \ntranslucent filaments to manufacture a fully integrated microfluidic SEC device. Employing cyclic \nvoltammetric measurements with redox probes, we demonstrate that the platform allows SEC sensing of \nreactants, intermediates, and products of charge transfer reactions in an oxygen- free \nenvironment. Developed approaches pave the way for SEC d vices with dramatically\nreduced costs compared to currently available commercial platforms.\n
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