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Antisemitism in Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Fabianová, Petra ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The master thesis called "Antisemitism in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia" is describing, based on historical events, progress of solution of the Jewish question in the occupied Czech lands during the Second world war. In the first chapter the author describes the main events of the Jewish minority life in the protectorate. Jews had lost all their personal rights and discrimination in this regard was almost unbearable. German Nazism developed and at the same time realized "final solution" of the Jewish question. This term signified euphemistic name for the physical extermination of the Jewish nation. The second chapter devotes to the analysis of the press. The most important part of the whole thesis introduces three collaborationist periodicals from protectorate, which were chosen by author. They are called: Zteč (Assault), Árijský boj (Arya fight) and Národní politika (National politics). Construction of the Terezin concentration camp and subsequent life in it describes the last and the third chapter. This ghetto meant an important part of the whole Jewish question and its solution. Although the transports to eastern areas took place here, some Jews arranged better life through cultural activities and illegal educational activities. One of the specifics of Terezín was also the role that the camp played in the Nazi propaganda.
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In the Middle of the Night. Kamil Bednář and His Literary Circle in the 2nd Half of the 1930s and Early 1940s
BRDEK, Zdeněk
The following Ph.D. thesis focuses on the poet Kamil Bednář and a group of young writers around him between 1936 and 1941. The author pays attention to Bednář´s poetry as well as to his activities leading to the constitution of a new literary generation at the turn of 1930s and 1940s. Using the rhetoric analysis and interpretation of Bednář´s poetic language, its transformations, dominant figures and textual strategies are identified; special emphasis is put on the comparison of poetic discourses of Bednář and those of his colleague Jiří Orten. The author also examines articles in the period press and other relevant materials for the purpose of reconstruction of the group´s thinking orientation and its relation to contemporary discoursive formations. Besides the activities of Bednář´s group, other factors that contributed to the creation of new literary generation are also explored, above all the ideas and activities of the prominent critic Václav Černý.
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War economy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in 1938-1941
Weber, Jan ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
The subject of analysis will be one of the darkest periods in the history of the Czech lands for decades. This work is defined by years 1939 and 1941. Occupation and application of war economy by German dictatorial regime on disk space of Czech lands is a major milestone in the development of Czech economic system. In the first part, the work describes the politico-economic background and consequences Munich Agreement for then Czechoslovakia. Interpretation continuously follows by description of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, with a focus on the economic consequences. The main goal of the next section is description of specific changes in the process of transformation of the Czech economy from peaceful to command, where claiming the support of the German war campaign in World War II.
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Czech resistance and Alois Eliáš
Vopat, Martin ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses mainly on general Eliáš. The goal of this thesis is to explain the relationship of Alois Eliáš with the czech resistance during 1939-1942. The thesis analyses the resistance activities of Alois Eliáš and their hidden and public manifestations. The existence of Schmoranz's group and other important facts is resolved in this connection. Different forms of Czech collaboration are analysed as well, with special sight on Czech journalists. One part of this thesis deals with the economical benefits of Protectorate economy for the German economics.
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FRANTIŠEK MACHNÍK - The life of Agrarian politician and minister of the national defence
KOPECKÝ, Lukáš
Submitted diploma thesis brings the life fates of František Machník, last political minister of the national defence of the first Czechoslovak republic. He was one of the political symbols of the army in 30´s as the representative of the Agrarian party. He soon found that the possible new army conflict among nations could be very real. The whole European effort of keeping Versailles´ peace system was absolutely desperate. Machník became propagator of the nation´s military ability, he popularized the army in the public view and he inspired thousands of people for her. He gave her technic and institutional laws. He was interested in the financial support of the building of the border´s fortification. This diploma work tries as first to map Machník´s life from the very beginnings over his studies, teacher´s and school director´s career and MP activities. It looks on his early enter to the Agrarian party and his work for Agrarian academics. The three - years ministerial career emphasizes two important moments - the law of the national defence and Machník´s decree. WWII brought him first suffering - the Gestapo investigation and then he was sentenced to death and this was changed to life imprisonment. The author of this work is also interested in Machník´s postwar investigation and trial by the National Court in the year 1947. It was followed with the communistic trial in 1952 and 5 years imprisonment. The end of the thesis concentrates on the sad Machník´s retirement after the amnesty in 1953.
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Aryanization in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia on example on Kolin´s region
Dudáš, Filip ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Kozmanová, Irena (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the process of aryanization in the time of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and it emphasizes Kolin's region. The thesis is dividend into two parts. The first theoretical one covers the mechanism of aryanization, it describes by whom it was executed, who was the proffitent and which part of the process banks participated. The second analytical part deals with the region of Kolín, where the Nazi administrative apparat is characterised by the means of archive sources (State District Archive in Plzeň, Security Services Archive in Prague, The National Archive in Prague). Activity of Oberlandrat Eckholdt and his influence on local aryanizatioin is described in this thesis. Afterwards a case study on factual subject (Velim's factory for sweats), which was effected by aryanization, was created. Except for unpublished sources, the thesis uses actual literature mostly by Czech provenience.
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Persecution of Jews in our Territory in the Years 1935 - 1942
ČERNÁ, Tereza
My dissertation focuses on the problem of the persecution of Jews in the years 1935-1942. This issue is being described in relation to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, as it is infamous for its Nuremberg race laws of 15 September 1935. By these laws Jewish inhabitans were marginalized, disinherited and expropriated and so new ground was broken for the Nazi to so called "final solution of the jewish issue". My dissertation tries to describe particular protectorate laws and statutory rules, which affected jewish lifes in such fatal way during this period. One of the important elements of my thesis is also an overview of the most vital sources of anti-Semitism throughout history. This overview culminates by the treatise on the theory of races, which represent the cornerstone of the Nazi ideology. The last chapter treats of emigration as the only possibility to escape from the Nazi terror and save one´s bare life.
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Czech aryanisation and anti–semitism in thirties
Fabianová, Petra ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Háka, Antonín (referee)
The bachelor thesis on the topic of Czech aryanisation and anti--semitism in thirties is describing, on the background of historical events, displays of hate against Jews in a period of liberal first republic and authoritarian second republic. The first chapter of this thesis follows activities of anti-semites and individual Jewish streams during the first republic. One part of this chapter is composed of author's analysis about a periodical named Vlajka, which was being published by a fascist organisation. In the second chapter, there are described fascist actions against Jews during the second republic and also anti-semitic exposures of the party Národní jednota. Besides, the chapter is also dealing with anti-semitic legislation. The last, third chapter is engaged in the problems of Czech aryanisation and tries to explain its rising illusion. The end of this chapter is also dealing with a historical period of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, to explain the process of expropriation of Jewish properties in Czech lands. So the purpose of this bachelor thesis is to define how the Anti -- Semitism was expressed during thirties in Czech lands.
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Reinhard Heydrich and Final Solution of the Czech Question
Vrabcová, Klára ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Martínek, Miloslav (referee)
The person of Reinhard Heydrich was one of those fateful to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The first chapter of this paper attempts to prove that Heydrich's impact on the "Czech Question" is much greater than the eight months he spent in office as Deputy Reich Protector. It analyses different approaches to the solution of the Czech Question in Nazi plans and particularly, towards the end of the chapter, Heydrich's tendency towards one of these plans -- the memorandum of Secretary of State K. H. Frank. This memorandum anticipated two things: the temporary preservation of the Protectorate, the assimilation of people of suitable race and disposition and the expatriation of people of unsatisfactory race and of those opposing German rule. This thesis also attempts to prove that although Reinhard Heydrich planned the solution of Czech Question as a long-term process, the fulfilment of which could be considered only after a succesful war, he started the first steps already during the war. Great attention is given not only to his racial survey of the population, but also to his policy concerning Protectorate youth, who were meant to be caught up and reeducated within the Curatorium for the Education of Youth in Bohemia and Moravia. To ensure calm and economic health throughout the Protectorate, he applied his carrot-and-stick policy on the population. The occupation policy required a combination of short-term and long-term goals and application of the former to ensure the consequent accomplishment of the latter. The final chapter lays bare the reaction of the Czechoslovak foreign resistance to the situation in the Protectorate -- the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich. This act was supposed to empower the Czech underground movement and improve the status of the exiled government among Allies. Even though this operation of the foreign resistance caused a torrent of arrests and executions within the Protectorate, its foremost effect was to draw the attention of the world and the Media and to excite Allied recognition for the Czech domestic resistance.
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The Economy of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in Obzor národohospodářský (1939-1941)
Kučerová, Hana ; Doležalová, Antonie (advisor) ; Minárik, Pavol (referee)
Significant changes occurred in economic realm by declaration of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia on March 16, 1939, and its integration into German economic sphere. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the response of then society, primarily professional public (economists, lawyers, and politicians), and its appraisal and reception of the situation. The investigation is conducted on the basis of selected articles published in magazine 'Obzor národohospodářský' (Economic horizon) from 1938, 1939, 1940 and 1941, when the publishing was interrupted. The thesis should contribute to a depiction of protectoral economy in the subjective perception of the authors of the magazine.
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