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Structural tectonic and morphometric characteristics of the Upper Otava river basin
Burkytová, Šárka ; Hartvich, Filip (advisor) ; Stemberk, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the structural-geomorphological characteristics and morphometric analysis of the Upper Otava River basin, located in the Šumava Mountains. The introductory part is focused on the literature search, in which the area of interest is evaluated in terms of physical-geographical characteristics. The review also deals with an overview of methods of structural geomorphological research with a focus on morphostructural analysis of relief. The structural-geomorphological characterization was established by means of a joint analysis of selected sites where the direction of the joint surfaces and their slope were measured. A morpholineament analysis and fault tectonics analysis were also done to define the morphostructures. The individual morphostructures were evaluated using morphometric analysis methods and compared using morphostructure synthesis in terms of their similarities or differences. Finally, the geomorphological evolution in the area of interest was outlined. Keywords Morphostructural analysis, structural measurements, Šumava mountains, morphometry, morpholineaments
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Reconstruction of the geological evolution of the Southern Main Ethiopian Rift
Dvořák, Štěpán ; Verner, Kryštof (advisor) ; Tomek, Filip (referee)
The Main Ethiopian Rift represents a unique insight into process of continental rifting and its comprehensive research can provide partial clarification of open questions such are the causes, mechanisms, and timing of overall tectonic and magmatic evolution. The Main Ethiopian Rift is an intermediary between the Afar triple junction to the north and Kenyan Rift to the south, representing incipient plate boundary between Nubian and Somalian plates. Based on comprehensive geological research of the northern flank of the Southern Main Ethiopian Rift including field geological and structural mapping, petrological and geochemical description of individual lithologies, morphotectonic analysis of Digital Elevation Model, paleostress analysis and gravity pattern assessment including calculation of Linsser indices, some aspects in geodynamic evolution of northern flank of the Southern Main Ethiopian Rift is interpreted. The area recorded typical continental rift-related tectonic and magmatic evolution including "pre-rift" (Eocene to Oligocene) volcanic activity initiated by extensive flood (plateau) alkaline basalt to trachybasalt basalt eruptions due to crustal thinning and mantle plume(s) ascent, followed by fault-dominated "early-rift" (Miocene) bimodal volcanism associated with origin of the rift...
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Changes in the fluvial valley network at NW Šumava foothills
Hošek, Roman ; Hartvich, Filip (advisor) ; Borská, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the processes causing the changes of the river network. Among the most important processes are tectonics, landslides, headward and lateral erosion, anthropogenic activities, lithology of a stream bed, changes of the erosion base and climate, as a factor influencing the morphology of valleys. The information from the literature search is applied on finding potential valley network changes localities based on indicators of changes of the river network, which were analysed in the GIS environment. Each potential locality was chosen for a presence of an indicator, which may signify changes of the river network: sudden direction changes of a stream, wind gap, streams which flow through topographic barrier, captured stream. The main criterion for finding potential localities was elevation above the valley-floor interpolated surface, where low values indicate low water divide between valleys. These selected localities were compared with the position of the anomalies on the longitudinal profiles of the rivers. The longitudinal profiles with sudden changes of inclination (knickpoint) indicate possible changes of the river network. Key words: changes of the river network, headward erosion, lateral erosion, river piracy, landslides, tectonics, anthropogenic activities, Šumava...
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Slope deformations in the Bohemian Paradise - research, typology and conditions of origin
Merlíčková, Soňa ; Hartvich, Filip (advisor) ; Blahůt, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with occurrence, conditions and character of slope deformations in the Protected landscape area (CHKO) Český ráj. This area is typically formed by sandstones, marls and claystones. Together with tectonic structures and lateral erosion of the Jizera River, they form suitable conditions for slope movements such as rockfall, sliding etc. With help extensive use of the scientific literature, character of study area as well as general conditions for the development of slope movements were described, and their typological classification was established. Next part of the thesis includes the chapters on the methods of research, and a description of the preliminary field research of the model localities. Furthermore, an analysis of causes of the slope movements using the data on climate from the stations of Czech hydro-meteorological institute was performed. Finally, the results are discussed with the referenced sources and conclusions to the topic are formulated. Keywords: CHKO Český ráj, slope movements, slope deformations, tectonics, lateral erosion, land-slide, rockfall, Lužický fault
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Response of selected rivers of the Bohemian Massif to lithological and structural conditions
Flašar, Jan ; Nývlt, Daniel (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Jan (referee)
Three groups of streams were selected in the area of the Bohemian Massif: the Berounka river with its source streams; the Vltava river with its tributaries the Malše and the Lužnice; the Labe river with its tributaries the Cidlina, the Bystřice and the Javorka. The lithological and tectonical influences to several parameters of the streams were studied. These parameters include: stream gradient, orientation of the stream and sinuosity of the stream. Data were obtained from digital elevation models, aerial photographs, topographical and geological maps. The longitudinal profiles of the streams (in the combination with geological cross-sections), the SL indexes and the gradient/sinuosity graphs were created on the basis of the obtained data. These tools were used for evaluation of the influence of lithology and the tectonics to the streams. The evolution of the streams and the stream-groups was evaluated and compared as well. A strong influence of lithology on the stream gradient was found on most of the analysed streams. The tectonic situation, on the contrary, had strong influence on the orientation of the streams, especially in the resistant rocks. Also, there were selected areas, where was a higher probability of quaternary vertical movements influencing the streams (mountainous areas of the Novohradské...
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Magnetic fabric, magma flow and tectonic deformation in volcano-plutonic systems
Tomek, Filip ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Lexa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Petronis, Michael (referee)
Magnetic fabric, magma flow and tectonic deformation in volcano-plutonic systems ABSTRACT This Ph.D. thesis aims to investigate dynamics of emplacement and tectonic history of selected volcano-plutonic complexes in a continental magmatic arc and back arc setting. The thesis presents new data sets from five field areas, presented in separate chapters, which could be viewed as representing a vertical sections through upper part of an intermediate to felsic magmatic system. From top to bottom in this ‛imaginary' vertical system, the examined units are: (1) andesitic lava domes and (2) sub-volcanic magma chambers (<3 km deep) of the Miocene Štiavnica volcano- plutonic complex, Western Carpathians (Slovakia), (3) Shellenbarger pluton (<3 km depth) within the mid-Cretaceous Minarets caldera, Sierra Nevada batholith in California (USA), and ~7-10 km deep granitoids of (4) Lower-Cretaceous Wallowa batholith, Blue Mountains province in Oregon (USA) and (5) Late Devonian Staré Sedlo complex, central Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic). The research incorporates extensive field and structural data, supported by analysis of igneous textures and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS). The latter is further accompanied by detailed examination of magnetic mineralogy using thermomagnetic measurements and optical and back...
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Analog modeling of subduction zone processes
Tkáčiková, Tatiana ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Krýza, Ondřej (referee)
Subduction zones, domains where oceanic lithosphere is subducted into the mantle beneath an overriding plate, are one of the most dynamic tectonic environments. A wide range of the long-lasting subduction-zone processes may be suitably reproduced and studied through analog modeling and thus may be directly observed in laboratory, though at time and length scales that differ fundamentally from nature. The main goals of this Bachelor thesis are first to provide an overview of large-scale architecture of subduction zones, to present an overview of the published analog experimental methods, and then to discuss the main outcomes of analog modeling of subduction zones and accretionary prisms. The thesis also summarizes the main mechanical parameters of materials used in the analog modeling. Furthermore, a set of simple experiments were performed, with the main goal to model formation of basalt-bearing mélanges during subduction of seamounts and volcanic belts that may occur on ocean floor and are commonly incorporated into accretionary wedges as dismembered Ocean Plate Stratigraphy (OPS).
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City within the City / "Trnitá City Block"
Žvak, Ondřej ; Květ, Radko (referee) ; Nový, Vítězslav (advisor)
The thesis deals with a design of a new construction of a polyfunctional urban house. It concerns a corner plot near the busy Opuštená avenue. The building is supposed to supplement the intended housing estate. Designed to be suitable for domestic, administrative and commercial use while maintaining an effective budget, the property is to provide the residents as well as the location with a high-quality space.
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