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Professional image of a nurse
BENDULOVÁ, Adriana
The word image is of Latin origin and means `` appearance, reflection, impression or overall impact on the people around or complex of attitudes, ideas, and opinions of a particular person. Diploma thesis with the topic of Professional image of a nurse is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with the history and famous people in nursing, with the concept of a nurse and her image, with the competence of a nurse, a nurse and a team attitude, and a lifelong education of nurses. It also mentions dangers in the profession of a nurse and the methods of relaxing. The practical part deals with the evaluation of professional image of a nurse from the point of view of managers. Therefore a qualitative research by a method of enquiring was chosen, and the method of structured dialogue with open questions was used. A managerial audit was carried out to verify results obtained from the dialogues. The research set for the first part of the research carried out by the method of a dialogue was formed by three sisters and six head nurses. The research set for the second part of the research representing the managerial audit was formed by ninety nurses in nine wards of the hospital in Písek. The results are laid out in tables and charts. The aim of the thesis was to map professional image of nurses in the following areas: technical knowledge, practical skills, communication, mental stability, visual aspect of a nurse and team work. On the basis of the aims research questions were determined. Research questions were answered, aims were fulfilled. On the basis of the research results the following conclusion was drawn: Nurses behave professionally. The work can serve as a study material for lectures or as a source of information for the Hospital of Písek, PLC to improve professional behaviour of nurses and to increase the quality of nursing care provided.
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Arrangement of the nursing process for the sick of incontinency
KUKAČKOVÁ, Zdeňka
I have selected the bachelor thesis on the subject of The Provision of the Process of Nursing Incontinent Patients because I am interested in the issues of urinary incontinence. With increasing age, the need for voiding urine becomes an increasingly topical problem. Many think that urinary incontinence is a natural part of the ageing process and that it is possible to combat it by reducing the intake of liquids. A nurse should refute this opinion of incontinent patients and to recommend that they should restrict beverages containing caffeine during incontinence. Most of incontinent patients, however, are shy of talking about their problem. Therefore, the understanding of the patient{\crq}s behaviour can help a nurse solve the problem of incontinence. Furthermore, a nurse should provide incontinent patients with information on suitable and unsuitable sports, on the technique of interrupted urination, on compensatory aids for incontinent patients and about the necessity to limit the intake of irritable food as well. Also, a nurse should teach an ill woman exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor (Kegel exercise). Urinary incontinence is defined as the unwanted leakage of urine, which causes a hygienic or social problem and, at the same time, it is also objectively demonstrable. It is a symptom that may have various causes. Consequences of incontinence translate into all areas of social life. In the interest of uniting the diagnostics and treatment of incontinence, the ICS (International Continence Society) classification is currently recommended, which distinguishes four types of incontinence: urgent, reflex, stress and paradoxical. The most frequent subtype is stress incontinence, followed by mixed and urgent incontinence. The organization of the care of incontinent patients has three levels: primary care, secondary care and tertiary care. The present situation in the Czech Republic is marked by the merging of the secondary and tertiary level of care, for the majority of specialized workplaces are part of in-patient establishments in the sense of urogynaecologic clinics. The care of incontinent patients requires a holistic approach. The aim of the nursing care of incontinent patients is to minimize the leakage of urine, to preserve or restore the normal excretion of urine while preventing relevant risks at the same time. In the course of my research I would like to find out how nurses ensure the process of nursing incontinent patients, whether nurses inform incontinent patients about the exercises of pelvic floor muscles and about the drinking regimen and whether these patients are informed about compensatory aids for the incontinent. The hypothesis that nurses, within the nursing process, do not focus on the support of a patient{\crq}s self-assessment has not proven true. The hypothesis that nurses instruct the patients in exercises of pelvic floor muscles has proved true. The hypotheses that patients who suffer from incontinence are informed about aids that compensate their incontinence and that nurses instruct patients suffering from incontinence in the drinking regimen have proven true. Urinary incontinence continues to be taboo in our society. Many consider it as a natural part of the ageing process. Nowadays, there already exists effective treatment, it is only necessary to confide in a physician about one{\crq}s problem. However, prevention is also important here. Basically simple and mostly also generally known prevention will save many finances and, first and foremost, complaints.
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Sleep disturbances of clients in old people´s homes
HADAČOVÁ, Jana
Abstract This bachelor work entitled ``Sleep disorders with clients in senior homes{\crqq} has been chosen in order to study the development of sleep in elderly. Sleep is an integral part of our lives, and our need for sleep changes with increasing age. We sleep not only to rest and regenerate our strenth, but also in order to maintain mental and physical health. The need of sleep is very individual and depends among other things on daily activity, age and the overall condition of the organism. The character of sleeping changes with increasing age and it is difficult to decide in individual cases whether the actual problems are normal or already pathological. The quality of sleep is negatively affected by factors such as greef, loneliness, enxiety or change of environment. The elderly generally tend to retire to rest earlier in the day, they however take longer to fall asleep, often wake up during the night, rise early but on the other hand nap during the day. For better classification of sleep disorders, a new version of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders {--} ICSD, was conducted in 1990, in colaboration with several associations and organisations researching these disorders. Sleeping disorders can, according to the international classification, be devided into primary disorders, such as dyssomnia and parasomnia, and secondary disorders connected to somatic or mental ilnesses. The causes of sleep disorder can vary greatly and therefore the diagnostics must be thorough. Here, nurses also greatly participate to the diagnostics. This research was conducted in order to find out what types of sleep disorders clients of senior homes suffer from, whether they are informed about the topics and how suitable their sleeping environment is. The hypothesis that clients in senior homes suffer from sleeping disorders has been proved. The hypothesis that client are informed about the problem has been proved as well, but with a very small difference from the opposite hypothesis. The hypothesis about the lack of knowledge for methods for obtaining quality sleep has been proved, while the hypothesis that client have suitable environment for sleeping has been disproved. The role of nurses is very important here, as they are always close by. They should be involved in the problems the clients have and they should try solving them by other methods than pharmacologically. Nurses should be sufficiently informed about the sleeping disorder problem and know how to use the knowledge in practical situations. Sleep is after all important for a total regeneration of the body and for regaining vitality.
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The ways of satiation spiritual necessities clients of catholic confession
LÖFFELMANNOVÁ, Blanka
Spiritual and religious persuasion have main sense in life of most people. Religious persuasion have gather to larger importance at the timo of illness and can help most people to better composed with illness. This kind of necessities was ineffable in our society until recently. In the theoretic part are define notions like a necessite, account some kind of necessities, describe the hierarchy of them in line with A. H. Maslow, at next are describe some modification in satiation of necessities at the time of illness, definition notions like hollism and spiritual bliss. In the second part is labor target the specified of notions like Christianity, Catholic church, faith, means of grace, prayer and interpreted guestions of illness in relation to Catholic church
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Nurses and the way they take care of their own health and how it influences their treatment of patients.
LUKEŠOVÁ, Renata
The title of this work is: Nurses and their taking care of their own health and how it influences the level of professional healthcare provided. I have outlined three objectives and four hypotheses. First objective was to find out how the heath state of the nurses in Tábor hospital (nemocnici Tábor a.s., Tábor hospital further on) can influence the way in which they take care of their patients. Second objective was to find out how the nurses from Tábor hospital take care of their own health and the third objective is: To examine what patients from Tábor hospital think about nurses who work even with an ailment of a minor kind. With regards to these objectives I have outlined four hypotheses. When taking care of their patients, the nurses from Tábor hospital are not influenced by their own health issues. The nurses from Tábor hospital know ways how to improve their heath state. Patients from Tábor hospital consider it improper for those nurses who suffer even from a minor ailment to go on with their jobs. Patients from Tábor hospital consider nurses` professional occupation as being irreplaceable. The research was performed through surveys handed out to two research sets comprised of nurses and patients from Tábor hospital. Based on the research results I have confirmed all hypotheses and consequently all outlined objectives. This profession affects not only nurses{\crq} physical health but their mental health as well. Therefore it is necessary to coach the nurses on possible ways how to treat patients properly and about further risk associated with this working occupation. Furthermore, nurses should follow a healthy life style. This means enough of sleep, a healthy diet, prevention of the burn-out syndrome, and prevention of different ailments through prophylactic check-ups etc. I would like to have this work published in nurses{\crq} specialized magazines.
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The level of nursing at LTU (Long-Term Unit) in České Budějovice
SCHAFFELHOFEROVÁ, Lucie
Abstract The occupation of a nurse belongs to those most responsible, most exhausting but most humanist professions. A nurse searches, addresses problems of patients and seeks for solutions together with other health care staff. However attention has to be paid on nurses themselves, as demands on nurse profession are still growing at present, which brings higher negative stress, felt not just by nurses, but by all employees of health care facilities. The theoretical part of this thesis includes observation from the České Budějovice Hospital, general information about the profession of a nurse, like for example competences of nurses, their education or registration. The next part deals with physical as well as physical stress. The theoretical part is closed by a chapter on motivation. The research was performed in compliance with the Nursing Care Quantification Method at the After care ward of the České Budějovice Hospital. My work was aimed at finding the level of load on nurses and their subsequent performance, and assessment of the number of nursing staff missing at the 2nd after-care ward of the Hospital České Budějovice a.s. There were three hypotheses set down. Hypothesis 1 confirms that the load of a nurse of the 2nd after-care ward of Sector B of the Hospital in České Budějovice is at least 500 minutes per nurse. Hypothesis 2 confirms that the performance of a nurse of the 2nd after-care ward of Sector B of the Hospital in České Budějovice is at least 130 per cent. And Hypothesis 3 has confirmed that there should be at least three more staff members at the morning shift at the 2nd after-care ward of Sector B of the Hospital in České Budějovice. The research result show that the nurses on the after-care ward are strongly overloaded. The findings of the work will be handed over to the Nursing Care Manager of the České Budějovice Hospital as a tool for optimization of personnel policy at the after-care ward.
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A difficult patient in the care of a nurse
ZUZÁKOVÁ, Marie
The topic of the bachelor{\crq}s thesis is the ``Difficult Patient in a Nurse{\crq}s Work.{\crqq} The thesis is divided into 10 chapters. The theoretical findings are listed in the chapter ``Current Situation.{\crqq} The theoretical part addresses more general topics such as the specific features of work of nurses in selected wards, the roles of nurses and their professional characteristics. However, particular attention is paid to the specific situations based on which the patient may be deemed ``difficult.{\crqq} These chapters describe the personality of the person affecting his role as a patient, the patient{\crq}s reaction to disease, aggressiveness, causes of aggressive behaviour and other aspects. The conclusion is devoted to the psychic burden on nurses and burnout syndrome. The objective of the bachelor{\crq}s thesis is to determine what criteria nurses have when selecting and stipulating the order of difficult patient. Two hypotheses were chosen: patients are deemed ``difficult by nurses in different ways, according to the specific features of the ward. The demands placed on treatment care affect the identification of a patient as difficult. A survey was performed at selected wards: ARO, JIP, ONP, CHO (anaesthesiology-resuscitation ward, intensive care unit, subsequent treatment ward, surgical ward) at the České Budějivice Hospital a.s. 140 questionnaires were handed out, of which 97 were returned. The return rate was 69%. The questionnaire contained 22 questions, which were to provide answers to the assumed hypotheses. The objective of the work was fulfilled and it was found that the most common criteria affecting the evaluation and order of a ``difficult{\crqq} patient are non-cooperation, unease, and alcohol or drug intoxication. Nurses determine the order of a ``difficult{\crqq} patient almost identically. The most difficult patients according to nurses are those that are aggressive, then those that are uneasy or confused. The first hypothesis was not confirmed, because when identifying a ``difficult{\crqq} patient, nurses almost always agreed, regardless of the specific features of the ward. The second hypothesis was confirmed, because the survey proved that care for a ``difficult{\crqq} patients places demands on staffing of the shift and the nurses{\crq} education. According to the respondents{\crq} demands, a recommendation for the future would be the possibility of attending more seminars and courses aimed at the given topic.
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Informedness of nurses about possible methods of communication with the hearing handicapped patients
PRCHALOVÁ, Jitka
This thesis deals with the awareness of nurses how to communicate with patients who suffer from hearing impairments. In the theoretical part we give the classification of patients with hearing defects and impairments. We mention the principles of communication with them and we tackle the questions of interpreters. At the conclusion of this part we show data that might be of interest not only for medical staff and patients but also for the public. The conclusions of our thesis may be used as an educational aid at training courses for nurses and the public as well. Results of our research could be use for working up the courses of sign language in hospitals.
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Demands put on the nurse during the communication with the aphasic patient
VIDENSKÁ, Magdalena
Aphasia is defined as a systemic speech disorder which is caused by organic brain damage and on different levels it affects the organisation of speech. It is caused bz the damage of the dominant hemisphere associated with tumours, injuries, brain stroke, haemorrhage, meningitis and the like. Aphasia can affect people of all ages. The communication with an aphasic patient is difficult and the demands required from nurses are high. In my work I suggest alternative way of communication which would facilitate and improve the communication of an aphasic patient with other people. My work is based on the methodological handbook ``Pictograms{\crqq} written by Mgr. Kubová. This book deals with using communication picture system {--} pictograms {--} for education and developement of social communicative skills of children and adults with either mental or multiple handicaps, and it is used in many western countries. I decided to provide nurses and aphasic patients with these pictograms. The aim was to help aphasic patients to express their feelings and needs. By using the pictograms I tried to cover the basic human needs {--} the need of bowel movement, the feeling of thirst, pain, cold and so on. After about a three month use of pictograms I asked the nurses to complete a questionnaire and express their opinion on using the pictograms and on the pictograms benefit to the aphasic patients. The research was quantitative. For the data collection I chose the method of a questionnaire. The data obtained are processed in the form of tables and charts. The research group were the nurses who, when working with aphasic patients, were using the pictograms. The research was carried out in the Hospital of České Budějovice a.s., at the Nerve ward and the Follow-up care ward. The Charity Nursing Service in České Budějovice also used the pictograms in home nursing. The best of results with the pictograms were definitely reached in home nursing. 87,5 % of the nurses recommend using pictograms. When filling in the questionnaire the nurses included not only their own experience of using pictograms but also the experience of the family members taking all-day care of their aphasic relatives. The family members were able to say how well the pictograms served their purpose. The pictograms are recommended to be used by 73 % of the nurses of the Nerve ward and 62,5 % of the nurses of the Follow-up care ward. The results say that the pictograms were best used in home nursing aphasic patients. I believe that pictograms will become an important part of the communication with an aphasic patient and that they will be used effectively even though their use is time and patience demanding. The nurse{\crq}s reward is better quality nursing care and happier patients.
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Nursing inspections and their importance from view nurse and patient
BENISKOVÁ, Lucie
My thesis, Nursing Rounds and Their Importance from Nurses and Patients Points of View, is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part consists of three main chapters. The first chapter describes nursing as a field of science; the second deals with the nursing process in connection to nursing rounds; and the third presents nursing rounds. Nursing rounds are very important to provide patients with high quality care. They enable patients to get more information about their illnesses, following examinations, nursing processes, rehabilitation, etc. There is a continuous contact between nurses and their patients that is why nursing rounds are important for both, patients and nurses. The practical part deals with nursing rounds. The aim of this work was to find out if nursing rounds are practised at standard wards in Písek Hospital, Inc.; investigate about their importance for nurses and clients; and see patients{\crq} opinions on these rounds. There were three hypotheses: Hypothesis no. 1: Nursing rounds are not usually practised at wards; Hypothesis no. 2: Nurses do not consider these rounds to be important; Hypothesis no. 3: Patients/ clients are not sufficiently informed about nursing rounds. The file for my questionnaire research was created by nurses and patients of standard wards (surgery, internal medicine, orthopaedic, gynaecology- obstetric, urologic, and neurological ward) in Písek Hospital, Inc. There were two different questionnaires; one of them contained 19 questions for nurses, and the other one 15 questions for patients. According to the results, hypotheses 1 (nursing rounds are not usually practised at standard wards in Písek Hospital, Inc.) and 3 (most of the patients do not know the term nursing round and have never heard about it) proved valid. Hypothesis 2 (nurses and patients do not consider these rounds to be important) did not prove valid.
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