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The definition of a refugee, its interpretation and application in recent international law
Honusková, Věra ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Hofmannová, Mahulena (referee) ; Jílek, Dalibor (referee)
Resumé Práce zkoumá definici uprchlíka a její výklad a aplikaci v současném mezinárodním právu. Vymezení zpracovávané látky je dáno smluvním instrumentem z roku 1951, kterým státy přijaly definici uprchlíka, Úmluvou o právním postavení uprchlíků. Zkoumána je zahrnující část definice, která říká, kdo je uprchlíkem. Za něj považujeme osobu, která (...) "se nachází mimo svou vlast a má oprávněné obavy před pronásledováním z důvodů rasových, náboženských nebo národnostních nebo z důvodů příslušnosti k určitým společenským vrstvám nebo i zastávání určitých politických názorů, je neschopna přijmout, nebo vzhledem ke shora uvedeným obavám, odmítá ochranu své vlasti (...)". Disertační práce pracuje s následujícími hypotézami: 1) došlo k posunu ve výkladu a aplikaci definice uprchlíka. Zde je zároveň sledováno, zda došlo k vytvoření nové obyčejové definice a jaký je případně její obsah; 2) došlo ke vzniku regionální obyčejové definice - a zde je opět brán zřetel na to, jaký je případně její obsah; a 3) restriktivní praxe států před a při vstupu cizince na území ovlivňují výklad a aplikaci definice uprchlíka. Text je členěn do čtyř částí. První se zabývá historickým vývojem definice uprchlíka a zkoumá, co státy ovlivnilo při formulování jejího pozitivního zakotvení. Mezinárodněprávní reakce na fenomén uprchlictví je...
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Changes in the administration of Roman cities in the 2nd - 4th cent. AD
Vavřín, Pavel ; Marek, Václav (advisor) ; Burian, Jan (referee) ; Bednaříková, Jarmila (referee)
The present study is administration in the Abstract dealing with the development of city Roman Empire wi th focus put on the situation in its western part. Most important for treating this problem are legal sources, complementarily then narrative sources. The body of substantive law, however, is only fragmentarily preserved (in later codes), and narrative sources on the topic are strongly limi ted. Despi te all tha t, i t is mainly the status of local aristocracy (decuriones/curiales) that can be studied at relatively great length. Epigraphic sources help to follow up especially the areal development of municipal administration in provinces, but their potential for the study of administrative development is very limited, both materially and chronologically. The knowledge acquired from sporadically preserved constitutions of particular cities cannot be fully generalised, with regard to local specifics as well as chronological development. The study also leans on the results of research based on archaeological sources.
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The Status of Women in Roman Law
Bérešová, Jana ; Bělovský, Petr (advisor) ; Falada, David (referee)
RESUMÉ The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the position of women in Roman law. The thesis is composed of seven chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of life of women in ancient Rome. First, it shortly describes sociological reasons of the legal differences between men and women and in chapter two its major consequences. Chapter Three describes the position of woman in her family, mainly patria potestas, which played, along with the marriage, the most important role in woman's life. Part two, concerning marriage, first describes the marriage itself and then its ending, divorce or widowhood and also mentions remarriage. Last part of this chapter looks at problems concerning relations between men and women outside marriage, concubinage, prostitution and the final subpart deals with the problem of sexual offences. Chapter four is subdivided into three parts focused on the property of women. First part illustrates main issues concerning the dowry. Then second part, property of married couple, analyze in its subchapters making gifts between husband and wife and finally, the liability on obligations. The third part describes the guardianship of women, tutela mulierum. Chapter five provides an outline of legacies. First part is about problems arising from testamentary succession. This part...
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The injured party in criminal procedure and his/her protection
Valíčková, Martina ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The injured party in criminal procedure and his/her protection- summary Martina Valíčková In my diploma thesis I would like to point out certain facts of an injured person and his/her position in the criminal procedure. I would like to sum up individual opinions and thoughts of some experts, outline possible solutions for some issues so that the injured person would not be out of the attention in the criminal procedure, but to be its fully-fledged participant whose interests are truly considered in the criminal procedure. In the introduction of my thesis first I deal with general issues. I define the concept of an injured person and damage, I outline specific cases, when the injured person's participation in the criminal procedure is excluded or limited. Last but not least is a short excursus presenting some of its rights and I also outline certain imperfections of legal regulation. This more or less general exposition of an injured person is followed by the chapter which describes the situation of literary processing. The third chapter concerns adhesion proceedings. For the injured person in context with his/her participation in the criminal procedure, compensation for damage is crucial, but surely it is not possible to limit the sense of his/her participation in the criminal procedure only to this extent....
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Social and legal status of persons with health disabilities
Bezručová, Lucie ; Hájková, Ivana (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
The very thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis at the very beginning focused on the social history of people with certain disabilities. Continues thesis definition and characteristics of disability and its exact breakdown. The next chapter deals with the analysis of contemporary society in the area of discrimination against persons with disabilities and points to the possibility of employment in the labor market just people with disabilities. A relatively large part of the thesis is devoted to the concept of disability, then the conditions for entitlement to a disability pension and social benefits, especially for people with disabilities. The next part refers to various non-profit organizations Conclusion itself thesis is devoted to legislation related to social assistance to disabled persons. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey forms and personal interviews. The text part is supported by graphs, tables and streamline the survey results further illustrative photographs of people with disabilities.
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Legal Framework of Monetary Stability in the Euro Area
Humeníková, Zuzana ; Moravec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Patočka, Radim (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with the European Union, especially with European monetary union, and explains legal framework of monetary stability in the monetary union with regard to the Denmark, the nation with statutory exceptions. The aim od this thesis is to provide potential readers with information about the attitude of Denmark to unified monetary integration. The first chapter is dedicated to the history of the European monetary union, it's evolution and legal basis of monetary integration. The second chapter explains the European System of Central Banks and the European Central Bank. The last chapter describes position of the Denmark in the EU from view of history and political cooperation between nation policy and it's population, with focus on the Euro Area.
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Competition versus dominance in the European pharmaceutical industry : Are the patent rights too strong?
Polanská, Eva ; Havel, Jiří (referee) ; Teplý, Petr (advisor)
The thesis is deals with the position of companies operating in the European pharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical industry belongs to traditionally highly innovative sectors whose investments into R&D largely outperform other industries on the European as well as on the global scale. A high number of patents is awarded in this branch. The companies get into strong position thanks to them. The key issue which the paper is devoted to is a detailed analysis whether and how the strong legal position is reflected on the economic level. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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