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Entomopathogenic fungus \kur{Beauveria bassiana }- biological characteristics
PAVLÍČEK, Pavel
This literature compilation focuses on current knowledge in the biological characteristics of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, with emphasis on the influence of abiotic factors on the development and its effectiveness in selected species of harmful insects. Knowledge of abiotic factors is important for a successful outcome to protect plants against harmful agents this entomopathogen. There are also set out the specifics, benefits and examples of using the aforementioned entomopathogen in biological plant protection. In conclusion, the possibilities are assessed using the entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana in plant protection in the Czech Republic and other aspects concerning the practical use and distribution.
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Association of nutrition substrate utilization and predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD
Poláková, Terezie ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Mgr. Terezie Poláková Supervisor of rigorous thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title of rigorous thesis: Association of nutrition substrate utilization and predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only the respiratory system disease, but it influences total state of health of the patient. Mainly, there are changes of nutrition metabolism in its serious consequences, which could be dangerous for the patient. The typically problem of patients with COPD is loss of the muscle mass. The main aim of this study was searching for associations between the nutrition substrates utilization and indices, which are used for prediction of morbidity and mortality in COPD patients. We compared 51 patients in all stages of COPD (38 males and 13 females, mean age 67 ± 7 years) with control group of healthy volunteers (4 males and 5 females, mean age 62 ± 4 years). Measurements were carried out on an outpatient basis by using the indirect calorimetry and determining the amount of urea in urine. Statistically significant differences between utilization of substrates we evaluated only in relative utilization of proteins in...
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Access to Justice in Environmental Matters
Bernard, Michal ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Smolek, Martin (referee) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
The aim of this work on Access to Justice in Environmental Matters is to describe possibilities of access of natural and legal persons to the judicial protection of the environment in the Czech Republic. Judicial protection is an important element of ensuring the right to favourable environment. To ensure effective environmental protection and the rights of individuals to the favourable environment, it is necessary to ensure the widest possible access of natural and legal persons to public authorities and courts claiming the illegality of decisions, acts and omissions of public authorities or third parties. Broad judicial protection of the right to favourable environment is necessary and indispensable part of democratic system and a prerequisite for the functioning of basic human rights in practice. This work must first address the question of substantive legal right to favourable environment -its content and range of entities to which this fundamental constitutional right belongs. Right to favourable environment means the right to an environment which is polluted below given limit. Thus, on environmental polluted and stressed as a consequences of human activities, including the introduction of physical, chemical or biological agents emissions and agents in extent to which the legal regulations on...
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Development and applications of affinity carrier for isolation of human carbonyl-reducing enzymes
Andrýs, Rudolf ; Wsól, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šebela, Marek (referee) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Rudolf Andrýs Supervisor: Prof. Ing. Vladimír Wsól, Ph.D Title of dissertation thesis: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AFFINITY CARRIER FOR ISOLATION OF HUMAN CARBONYL-REDUCING ENZYMES For several millennia the human medicine is based on application of small bioactive molecules that are administered in the form of plant extracts or synthetic compounds. However, their use in modern medicine is not possible without a detailed understanding of their biochemical effects and identification of their molecular targets. Chemical proteomics based on the specific recognition between the bioactive molecule and the target molecule is currently the most widely used techniques for identification of molecular targets of small molecules. Compared to conventional biochemical methods (e.g. 2D electrophoresis), chemical proteomics represents particularly sensitive and very selective technique that enable successful identification of biomolecules from complex biological samples that are naturally presented in very small concentrations. Carbonyl- reducing enzymes, which play an important role in physiology due to their involvement in metabolism of various endogenous (e.g. prostaglandins, steroid...
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Effect of substrate on the production of earthworms Dendrobena veneta
SCHMIDTMAJEROVÁ, Eva
The importance of biological processes for processing of organic wastes is widely acknowledged. My thesis focuses on one of the most efficient methods for conversion of organic wastes into precious products, which are at the same time environmentally friendly. Vermicomposting includes complex food webs and simultaneously modifies various chemical forms of basic nutrients into inorganic compounds, useful for plant nutrition. The thesis briefly describes biology, distribution and basic ecological categories of earthworms and shows their importance in decomposition organic wastes. I describe here the main earthworm species and then concentrate on Dendrobaena veneta. I then compare 5 substrates from the point of view of their suitability for production of this earthworm species and of the suitability of the resulting substrate as fertilizer. I have found that the best substrate for production of Dendrobaena veneta was the output of a sewarage plant and pure celulose.
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Compression of biological sequences
Šurín, Tomáš ; Mráz, František (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
Volumes of data obtained from the next generation sequencing platforms is growing faster than the available capacity of storage media. Sequencers mainly produce short reads of DNA. However, output of the sequencing machines also contains other information, for example information about read reliability/quality. This data must be archived even after successful complete genome assembly. Standard file format used for this type of data is format SAM (Sequence Alignment/Mapping Format) and its binary compressed version BAM. In this thesis we describe the construction of a better lossless compression scheme for compression of files in the SAM/BAM format. This compression scheme provides better compression ratios than the BAM format. In addition, random access to data in the compressed file is retained. Implementation of this compression scheme is platform independent and allows simple configuration of the compression process. Implementation also offers easy extensibility. Thanks to this, we will be able to respond to changes in current sequencing platforms as well as to changes in the SAM format.
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Diseases caused by ionizing radiation and their prevention
Hřib, Zdeněk ; Hrnčíř, Evžen (advisor)
3 SUMMARY The text summarizes some of the newest knowledge about effects of the ionizing radiation on various levels of the biological systems and recent recommendations for radiological protection. First chapter of this diploma work gives a brief definition of ionizing radiation, possible sources, summary of its interactions with matter and description of the dosimetric quantities. Second chapter focuses on biological effects of the ionizing radiation. With development of micro-beam technology, the newest research has finally confirmed the assumption of DNA as the main target cell structure for ionizing radiation damage. Apart from well known stochastic effects (cancerogenic and those, causing hereditary and chronic diseases) caused by non-lethal cell damage and organ and tissue reaction (formerly known as non-stochastic or deterministic effect, eg. acute radiation syndrome, acute local damage, chronic radiodermatitis and cataract) caused by lethal cell damage also issues like low dose threshold, in utero exposure risk and newest recommendations for weighting factors are discussed here. Last chapter is dedicated to targets and principles of radiological protection for patients, workers and other population.
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Cooperation with the biological family whose child is taken to the children´s home.
KŮSOVÁ, Hana
The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of cooperation of the biological parents of children who are placed in institutional care of the children's home Sazava. The theoretical part is dedicated to the foster care system with emphasis on placing a child in institutional care and upbringing as taking place under such conditions. This part is completedwith the theme of family redevelopment.The goal of my work is to approach this collaboration, its possible forms and possibilities, but also to identify the most common reason for children to be placed in institiuonal care at Sazava. To fulfill the research objectives I used case studies and document analysis
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Použitelnost výpočetních metod kvantové chemie pro studium interakcí v biologických systémech
PLAČKOVÁ, Lydie
The theoretical part of the Master´s thesis describes ab initio methods in quantum chemistry and semiempirical methods, which represents a way in overcoming of main disadvantages in ab initio methods (costs, speed). The experimental part was focused on comparison highly accurate CCSD(T) method with used semiempirical methods (AM1, PM3, PM6, and PM7). The data were mostly compared on small model systems with ions, which are an essential part of many biological systems. Furthermore, the applicability of semiempirical methods was examined for the description of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions.
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