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Identification of medication errors by nurses during simulated situations
KELBLOVÁ, Kateřina
Current status: Medication errors within the context of safe and high quality health care are one of the most frequently discussed topics of recent years. They are part of the medical process, occur in different forms, affect patients of all ages and decrease the quality of provided health care. Prescriptions of medication in medical documentation have to be clearly legible and include all the required information. Nurses' role within the medicaiton process could be described as an ultimate "safeguard" that can prevent medication errors. Goals: The objectives of this research are to assess nurses' awareness of medication errors, ssess their ability to detect medication errors and find out the level of their knowledge regarding the correct procedures and measures following medication error detection.Methodology: The research was conducted using a qualitative research method. The in-depth interviews with nurses were carried out at a surgical critical care unit at the hospital in Jindrichuv Hradec. Following the collection of a sufficient amount of data the interviews were coded using the "pen and pencil" technique and then divided into categories.Research file: In order to achieve the highest level of objectivity the research was carried out with a group of nurses who work at the same unit of a hospital department. The research file included nurses who had varied levels of education and numbers of years of experience. Results: Surgical critical care unit nurses are not aware of the exact definition of medication errors. Only one nurse was able to discuss adverse events with related consequences. The remaining nurses' awareness of medication errors corresponded to the classification described in the relevant foreign and Czech academic literature. None of the interviewed nurses detected all the errors included in the simulated scenarios. Only one nurse, who is currently completing her qualification in this specialty, detected a wrongly prescribed antidote. The simulated scenarios also included a group of high-risk medications that is commonly used at the unit. The first medication included in this group was a 7.45% solution of potassium (KCl). A majority of the participants detected the high concentration of this high-risk medication. Another high-risk medication was a 10% concentrate of NaCl in an infusion; this error was also detected by the majority of the nurses. The third high-risk medication was a wrongly prescribed insulin (it lacked the detailed description of units, time and route). This prescription error was not detected by the majority of participating nurses. Another type of medication error included in the simulated scenarios was a group of medications used specifically in critical care. Only half of the participating nurses successfully detected the errors related to the prescription of this group of medications. The last type or medication errors focused on incomplete prescription by doctors. The most frequently detected error was a prescription of an opiate that lacked the route and the least frequently detected error was a wrong prescription of an infusion administration. It is evident that the nurses always inform the doctor when they detect a medication error. They are more willing to inform the ward sister in cases of incidents caused by somebody else. Only a small group of nurses are willing to inform the senior consultant, the head nurse or the hospital management. Only one nurse associated medication error reporting with an audit. However the majority of nurses agrees that it is important to report any medication errors.Conclusion: The analysed data suggested that the nurses were aware of medication errors. The analysis of the results of the simulated scenarios suggested that nurses' ability to detect medication errors in prescriptions was related to the number of years of experience and the level of education.
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Násilí na ženách v Nikaragui
Kalábová, Kateřina
The aim of the diploma thesis is to present an objective picture of the issue of violence against women in Nicaragua based on literature review and supplemented by personal research and findings from observation. This thesis defines terminology relating to violence against women. The author pays particular attention to the sociological aspects that may influence or explain this phenomenon. With the help of current statistical data maps the actual situation about the issue of violence against women in the Republic of Nicaragua. The paper presents the results of a field survey in the region of Carazo, where were the important information regarding the topic of violence against woman collected through semi-structured interviews. This thesis summarizes available information about violence against women in relation to the Republic of Nicaragua.
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Stereotyping in Perception of Domestic Violence Victims
TUZOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor thesis titled "Stereotypes in perception of victims of domestic violence" refers to the issue of domestic violence. It deals with how university students, who live in České Budějovice, perceive a victim of domestic violence. Therefore, the thesis considers the opinions, attitudes and views of these students. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the terms that relate to the topic are defined. For example: the terms of domestic violence, the attributes, the causes and consequences of domestic violence. Furthermore, the victim and the aggressor are characterized. At the end of the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis, there is non-professional as well as professional support of the victim clarified. The aim of the thesis was to find out how students perceive the victim of domestic violence. On the basis of this objective, two hypotheses were formulated: H1: "The university students are convinced that the victims of domestic violence initiate the aggressor to commit domestic violence". H2: "The university students perceive the victims of domestic violence as stupid and ignorant". The practical part of the thesis deals with a research file, which was made up by students of a university in České Budějovice. The total number of respondents, who were engaged in the research, is 457. To be more precise, there were 82 men and 375 women. Students involved in the research are in the master's and bachelor's programme of study. The age of respondents is between 19-25 years. Students in both full-time and also extra-mural study were involved in the research. The respondents were approached by me, my friends and acquaintances, who also study at university. Thanks to them, the questionnaires could reach a larger number of universities, and therefore a relatively high number of students in České Budějovice. For example, the students were from these universities: VŠE, VŠTE, Charles University, and others. As for the University of South Bohemia, I tried to provide the questionnaire for all faculties. In my point of view, it appeared to be successful. In the survey, which was carried out by using the semantic differential, the respondents selected their opinion and the view of a victim of domestic violence. On one side of the semantic differential, there was a positive quality or perspective given, on the other side it was negative. Those respondents, who chose neither the positive nor the negative side, were impartial and selected the average values. Therefore, their point of view and attitude were neutral. I was collecting the data in a period of 7 weeks. After gathering the questionnaires, I continued with processing the data into graphs, and verifying the hypotheses. The statistical evaluation was not necessary, since the results were striking. The respondents hold this view of the victim: they find the victim to be a sad, tolerant, scared, rather a reclusive person, who does not feel comfortable about the domestic violence they go through. Their perception of other qualities and the attitude to the victims is neutral. Many respondents took a neutral approach. My interpretation of this is that university students are afraid of an independent decision, so they rather choose a neutral decision. The result is that the stated hypotheses are not verified.
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Analysis of Spanish in internet discussion forums
KREJČOVÁ, Kateřina
The diploma thesis folows up the analysis of the language of spanish speaking adolescents acros online discussion forums. The theoretic section mainly pursues the issues of the oral/written and colloquial/formal dichotomies which takes an important part in the resultant form of the language used on the internet. It also describes the general features of language, used on the internet, focusing spanish and adolescent users. The practical section analyses the graphic, morphosyntactical, semantic and pragmatic level of the language sample found on the internet discussion forums.
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Hippotherapy in the Czech Republic and its position in the system of comprehensive rehabilitation
POLÁŠKOVÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with hippotherapy and its position in the system of general physiotherapy. The aim of this thesis was to compile a comprehensive overview of hipotherapeutic centers in the Czech Republic and to define their position in the system of general physiotherapy. Due to the established objectives was selected qualitative research along with the use of quantitative research methods. Using the secondary data analysis and interviews were collected information about the facilities providing hippophysiotherapy in the Czech Republic. The research sample consisted of all centers in the Czech Republic which are engaged in some individual disciplines of hipophysiotherapy.
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Biology and habitat requirements of endangered ladybird spider Eresus moravicus (Araneae: Eresidae) in Czechia
KREJČÍ, Tomáš
The ladybird spider Eresus moravicus is one of our most endangered spiders. It is therefore necessary to know its habitat requirements and have at least basic knowledge of its biology to design an appropriate management to protect sites of its natural occurrence. Phytocenological analysis was made at each site and the outcomes were evaluated based on the Ellenberg´s indicator values. Also slope and exposure, litter layer and the quantity of rubbel were measured on the localities. Individuals were taken from burrows for the measurement of the prosoma length (investigation of the length of the life cycle). Exuviae were collected from the same burrows for measurement of the prosoma length. From these data the number of instars was determined. Prey remains were taken at most of those sites from 5?10 burrows and determined. Offsprings from several maternal burrows were taken, counted and weighted (research of fecundity of females). Weight of offsprings is important also in terms of their dispersion ability. The offsprings ability to balloon was investigated experimentally in laboratory conditions. The ladybird spider Eresus moravicus occurs in warm regions with high intensity of irradiation, mostly on the southern and southwestern slopes. Sites are characterized by poor herbaceous vegetation without trees and shrubs and by a thin layer of humus. Female lives for four years and the male for three years. The number of instars can reach to 13. Beetles (Coleoptera) are the most importent prey, the importent component of food are ants (Formicidae), too. Eresus moravicus has more offsprings than Eresus sandaliatus and Eresus kollari, more eggs in the cocoon than E. kollari and heavier offsprings than E. kollari and E. sandaliatus. In offsprings of E. moravicus and E. kollari pre-ballooning behavior of two types was observed: "tip-toe" behavior and "drop and swing" behavior.
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Efektivita email marketingu na trhu mezinárodních květinových zásilek
Štěpánová, Klára ; Stříteský, Václav (advisor) ; Koudelka, Jan (referee)
One of the strongest benefits, but at the same time also one of the reasons for unexploited potential of email marketing, is its high return on investment. As in the case of the firm FloraQueen, also other companies underestimate the efficiency of email marketing. The goal of this thesis is to contrast current email marketing activities of a concrete example against the best case practices and define approaches for achieving the most efficient results. To do so, latest email marketing statistics and trends are recompiled, internal analysis of FloraQueen is realized, industry benchmarks are established and a final set of recommendations is concluded.
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International vocaburaly as a chance of enlearging the vocabulary of Czech learning German native speakers
TESAŘOVÁ, Iva
This diploma thesis deals with the problematic of internationalisms and the possibility of their utilization in language education. It concerns broadening the vocabulary by internationalisms of German speakers learning Czech. The theoretical section is devoted to the history and perspectives of Czech language and especially it?s vocabulary. This section provides information about the current condition of foreign language education, and mentions The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, which determines the modern schooling of languages. Furthermore, the work is interested in the problems and difficulties of adopting internationalisms. One chapter is dedicated to the, so called ?false friends? that complicate understanding between speakers of different languages. The practical section consists of a couple of thematic chapters into which the internationalisms are divided. In each section, there are model exercises that can be applied in Czech language schooling of foreigners. When selecting exercises, it is necessary to consider the grammatical ability of students. The work is concluded with a vocabulary of internationalisms gathered from the lexicon of different textbooks of Czech language for foreigners.
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Planning and analysis of the effects of Enterprise Information Systems
Bauerová, Zuzana ; Pour, Jan (advisor) ; Heller, Petr (referee)
In this thesis, the issue which is discussed applies to effects of Business Intelligence (BI). They are described in more detail the benefits and potential use of BI in various application areas, namely finance, marketing, manufacturing, logistics, supply chain management, human resources, CI, web analytics, informatics, and CPM. There are a lot of effects which BI brings. They are divided into different categories, which are the effects of economic, customer, personnel and increasing the analytical process and performance. BI provides many benefits to all of mentioned application areas. But in each of them it may occurs some problems which may involves the introduction of BI into different areas. The main goal is to review the possibilities of planning and analysis of BI effects. I would like to make the readers acquainted with effects which are brought together with BI applications, with the structure based on the application areas and based on the categories mentioned here. All of the effects are collected from the case studies and others sources mentioned in the end. The main contribution is the unified view to the effects which brings the implementation of BI to the enterprise. At each of the effects are mentioned the main dimensions needed to monitor during analysis, and importance to the enterprise during its planning. This thesis can be used as a basis for the next topics connected with the effects of BI or with the application areas.
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Impact of american mink on stone crayfish populations
PAVLUVČÍK, Petr
1. Impact of introduced American mink (Mustela vison) predation on endangered stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium) was examined in western Bohemian middle-sized streams for two years. Mink diet selectivity and its impact on its prey abundance were been investigating as the main target of this study. 2. The mink diet was described from excrements which were found on the target areas. The importance of different types of prey was specified by their relative numeric contribution to diet. The number of hunted crayfish was elicited from the number of crayfish remains which were collected during two years. The crayfish abundance was determined by capture {--} recapture method. 3. The crayfish was most frequently observed component of mink diet. The rate of mink predation on crayfish was dependent on density of crayfish population. This observed rate was lower during winters than during summers. The mink preferred significantly longer crayfish than was the mean of this value in population. 4. Although the crayfish was important part of mink diet the trend of impact of mink on crayfish is still inexplicit. It would be important to continue in this research to determine correlation between these two species.
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