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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of the fracture of the distal antebrachium
Mašková, Klára ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Kozáková, Alena (referee)
Titel: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of the fracture of the distal antebrachium Goals: The goal of this thesis is to summerize theoretical and practical information about fracture of distal antebrachium, to peruse sources of this problems and to concieve adequate therapy. Methods: The theoretical part is describing anatomy and functional kinesiology of the antebrachium and hand, then fractures of the distal antebrachium. The thesis considers mostly conservative treatment, complications of treatment and following therapy. The practical part is the describing aplication of gained theoretical knowledges about concrete diagnosis. It contains incoming kineziological assessment and conclusion, which makes short- term rehabilitation plan. This part is also decribing the process of therapeutical units, outcoming kineziological assessment and final evaluation of the therapy. Key words: antebrachium, hand, accident, physiotherapy
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Hippotherapy impact on patients after spine injuries
Vaisová, Martina ; Doležalová, Jana (advisor) ; Neumann, Cyril (referee)
The aim of this study was to write the most comprehensive and also current literature review on the effect of hippotherapy on to patiens after spine injuries.
The first part is devoted to the anatomy of the human spine. Spine creates the axis of the trunk skeleton and consists of 33 vertebrae. All vertebrae have the same shape and size. They differ according to which part of the spine they are located and how much mobility occurs in this particular segment of the spine. The vertebrae are divided in cervical, which are the most mobile, thoracic, lumbar, cross and coccyx, which grow together in the sacrum.
Spinal cord is the cylinder of nerve tissue contained in the spinal canal. The nerve tissue is comprised of gray and white matter. 31 pairs of spinal nerves arising from combining the front and rear roots come out of the spinal cord. Spinal cord transmits information from the brain to the body.
Subsequently, the study deals with the causes of spinal injuries. We can say that most injuries occurs in traffic accidents or from falls from height. After a spine injury a spinal cord and conducting nerve impulses are not necessarily damaged . However, after spinal cord injury conduction of nerve impulses is breached and spinal lesion arises. If no improvement appears within 24 hours after trauma, patient's condition is unchanging and interrupted conduction is permanent.
If there is no break spinal cord, rehabilitation is carried out mainly by strengthening the spinal column. In the case of spinal cord transection we use rehabilition mainly to improve preserved functions.
Hippotherapy is a method that can be used after a spine or spinal cord injury. It is a method in which the therapist uses the horse's back as an aid for rehabilitation. The horse's back moves in three directions at step: forward, backward, upward, downward and sideways. These movements are transmitted to the client, for which give rise to facilitation of brain function, and we use it in hippotherapy.
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Electrical Shock: First Aid
Chytil, Ivo ; Baumgartnerová, Alena (referee) ; Haupt, Jaromír (advisor)
Cílem bakalářské práce je seznámení čtenáře s problematikou úrazu elektrickým proudem a následnou první pomocí. Čtenář bude nejprve seznámen s celkovou problematikou první pomoci, poté získá informace týkající se různých nebezpečných prostředí, ve kterých může s elektřinou přijít do styku. Část bakalářské práce je věnována problematice elektrické bezpečnosti, s níž by měly být seznámeny všechny osoby jakkoli používající elektrická zařízení. Hlavním cílem práce je lepší pochopení problematiky první pomoci po zásahu elektrickým proudem a nabytí základních znalostí z oblasti elektrické bezpečnosti, za účelem předcházení možným úrazům.
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The most frequent eye injuries as seen by nurses: prevention, education, risk factors
SCHMIDTOVÁ, Jana
Theoretical background: Eye injuries are a frequent cause of damage or even loss of eyesight. It is said that as many as 90% of all eye injuries may be avoided through appropriate prevention. The bachelor thesis addresses risk factors, prevention and education of patients who suffered an eye injury. Individual parts of the thesis examine a risk age for eye injuries, risk activities and risk factors of the environment. In the area of prevention the thesis describes eye protection equipment and correct first aid procedures to be taken in an eye injury and introduces organizations providing assistance to people with visual handicaps. The chapter about education examines whether nurses educate patients or whether they only forward information to them, and discusses the needs of patients in the education process and the rules of communication with patients who suffered an eye injury. Objectives of the thesis: The practical part of this bachelor thesis was based on three objectives. The first objective was to ascertain what risk factors nurses believe are the most frequent ones that contribute to eye injuries. The second objective was to ascertain what nurses think about the importance of eye injury prevention. The last objective was to ascertain in what the education of a patient who suffered an eye injury consists. Three research questions were set for the above stated objectives. The first research question aims at ascertaining the most frequent risk factors that contribute to eye injuries. The second research question is aimed at prevention, namely at ascertaining what nurses think about the importance of eye injury prevention. The third question is aimed at education, namely in what the education of a patient who suffered an eye injury consists. Methodology: The bachelor thesis uses the form of a qualitative research using a semi-structured interview with general nurses working at eye departments, both outpatient and inpatient ones. Interviews took place in June 2014 in the eye departments of the hospitals Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. and Nemocnice Jindřichův Hradec, a.s. The research set consisted of 6 general nurses, some of which work in inpatient departments while the others work in outpatient departments. With the general nurses' consent, the interviews were recorded or the answers were entered in record sheets. The obtained data were categorized into groups which were analysed afterwards. The questions asked in interviews were prepared beforehand, and were supplemented with sub-questions in the course of interviews. The interview was divided into five parts: nurse identification, most frequent eye injuries, risk factors for eye injuries, eye injury prevention, and education of patients suffering an eye injury. Results: The obtained results have revealed that the most frequent risk factors for eye injuries are the age bracket from 20 to 60 years, DIY workroom, forest and work environment. Risk activities, as seen by nurses, are haste, non-observance of occupational health and safety rules, cycling and squash. The main risk factor is failure to use eye protection equipment. According to an overall majority of respondents, prevention of eye injuries is sufficient. Using eye protection equipment is considered as the most efficient prevention method. In the area of education of patients suffering an eye injury it has been ascertained that patients are not educated but only provided with information. Nurses cannot differentiate between educating and informing a patient. Conclusion: The bachelor thesis aims at providing a basic overview of the area of eye injuries. Based on the obtained result, an information material was drawn up for eye department nurses to facilitate education in the area of eye injuries. This material was designed to be provided to patients by nurses. The thesis could also use as feedback for the eye departments that participated in the research.
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The Safety Studies in Selected Business Entity
Turčan, Michael ; Dvořák, Marek (referee) ; Jurová, Marie (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis on the analysis of work conditions in the specific company brings improvements to existing measures in the safety and health protection at work. Emphasis is placed on safety and health. The work provides information about theory of security work explores its practical application in the organization and gives an view into risk management.
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Optimální nastavení pojistného ochrany u životních pojištění
Bubeníčková, Petra
Bubeníčková, P., Optimal adjustment of insurance protection for life insurance. Brno, 2015. The aim is to create an overview of selected life risks, determine the probability of their realization, the causes and the financial impact. Determine procedure of cal-culation of optimal sums insured for individual life risks.
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Issues connected with children's burn trauma
VOLOSHYN, Tetyana
Burns are common injuries among children. Healing development of deeper burns could be complicated and impaired functioning of the burned parts could have negative influence on patient's mental state. These severe children's injuries put stress on organism due to long-term hospitalisation. Injuries caused by heat energy directly by solar radiation, electricity, fire, by physical contact with heated object or surface or indirectly caused by heat radiation of a hot object or a flame are often caused by a lack of parent's care and these injury aftermaths follows the child through the rest of its life. This bachelor's thesis called "Issues connected with children's burn trauma" is purely theoretical and tries to summarise the overview of this area with focusing on modern approaches of caring for children from the beginning of the injury to the following treatment at home. There are a lot of possibilities of prevention of this severe injuries and the quality of health care is improving due to possibilities of modern medicine and nursing. Care about children's mental state and its family is very important. There are descriptions of situations causing lifethreatening burns in general terms. Clarifying the aetiology of particular injuries better manifests the importance of preventive programs and measures which may prevent the burns. There is a reference to anatomy and physiology of skin and its changes after burns in the first part of the work. There is a description of first aid kit content and short introduction into history of burns in the next part of this work. This work wouldn't be complete without these essential information. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to map issues connected with children's burn trauma using available literature. It focuses on cause of appearance and risk factors, prevention and differentiation of burn trauma: singe, sunburn, heat stroke, skin corrosion, trauma caused by electricity, frostbites, sub-cooling. The next part focuses on overall treatment and nursing care in healthcare institutions and home environment. It was necessary to study a large amount of bibliographical publications coming from traumatology and paediatric experts in order to acquire awareness about status quo. This work uses methods of synthesis, proposal and demonstration for compiling this work. Using these methods helps with navigation in this issue and highlights the importance of preventive measures and flaws in home environment. There was an effort of conveying essential facts concerning this issue by gathering many relevant data. Acquired knowledge is divided into several part according to their importance and currency. This thesis should help with better understanding of problems concerning burn trauma in children step by step. Taking care of children suffering from burn trauma requires multidisciplinary approach. Not only them but also their relatives are supposed to be treated well. Unfortunately despite all these measures we can see injuries caused by negligence of parents, there is nothing left but hope that this is going to change. If only one person would benefit from this work by getting help this work would fulfil its purpose. Bachelor thesis could help those who wants to avoid thermal injury of children and use the procedures which improve their care.
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Analysis of the injury rate at elderly people in České Budějovice in years 2011 - 2013
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou úrazů seniorů hospitalizovaných v Nemocnici České Budějovice, a.s. a FN Plzeň. Teoretická část práce popisuje současnou situaci týkající se stáří, stárnutí, zabývá se gerontologií, biologickými, psychickými a sociálními projevy stáří, úrazy seniorů, prevencí těchto úrazů, kvalitou života seniorů, dále pojednává o službách poskytovaných seniorům a aktivním stárnutí. Výzkumná část se opírá o kvantitativní průzkumné šetření u vybraných úrazů seniorů. Ke zvolené problematice se vztahují stanovené hypotézy, které jsou následně podrobně analyzovány a vyhodnocovány. Cílem této práce bylo provést retrospektivní analýzu zaznamenaných úrazů seniorů, které vedly k hospitalizaci v letech 2011 ? 2013 na klinice úrazové chirurgie ve FN Plzni a v Nemocnici České Budějovice, a.s. Výzkumné šetření bylo zaměřeno na klienty ve věkových kategoriích 65 - 74 let, 75 - 84 let a 85 a více let. Zjištěné výsledky diplomové práce jsou podrobně analyzovány a graficky znázorněny v kapitole Výsledky a shrnuty v kapitolách Diskuze a Závěr. Cíl předkládaného textu byl naplněn.
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Importance of education and prevention of child injury in contact with dog
CHLOPČÍKOVÁ, Marie
The dissertation entitled: "Importance of education and prevention of child injury in contact with dog" was written with the purpose to point out not only the current status of children's knowledge and experience in contact with the favourite pet - dog, but primarily to provide a new educational-preventive concept that should help to reduce the risk of incidence of negative experience (injuries, attacks) with dogs in child population. The goal of the dissertation was to improve the children's knowledge on responsible and safe approach to dogs. The theoretical part of the dissertation points out the comprehensive significance of the child-dog relation. The individual sections describe the essential influence of the dog on the mental, emotional and social development of the child, with emphasis on understanding the differences of human-animal communication and the related risks. At the same time, the dissertation outlines also the issue of injuries and conflict situations caused to the child by the dog due to lack of knowledge of basic rules of safe approach to the animal. Last but not least, it emphasizes the significance of primary prevention in the relevant issue. The results of the empirical part of the dissertation pointed out the most frequent causes and mechanisms (basic risk factors in child behaviour) of origination of conflict situation between children and dogs. Based on the alarming results of the first research stage, a new interactive educational-preventive program was created, based on zootherapy - canistherapy method, AAE (Animal Assisted Education) technique, cooperative teaching and situational learning. To assess the efficiency of the preventive activity, a feedback quantitative study was created; it showed improved knowledge on safe approach to dogs in elementary school pupils after having passed the preventive program. The success of the practical form of the preventive program in educational facilities was supported also by creation of educational material - workbook for children. The aid can be used not only as teaching material but particularly as a source of visually processed information and principles for conflict-free child-dog coexistence. The dissertation constitutes a serviceable material not only for lay public at educational level, but also for professional public from the perspective of use of canistherapy and prevention of child injuries.
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