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A study of erosion control system using biotechnical conservation measures
Moravec, Jiří ; Sobotková, Veronika (referee) ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav (advisor)
The objective of the bachelor thesis was the study of soil erosion control with application of system of semi-natural measures in chosen small catchment. Digital elevation model was generated and average soil loss was determined by ArcGis tools at each erosion parcel . Design of erosion control at chosen erosion risked locality was create in Microstation software and InRoads utilities. As a type of enviromental erossion control mesures was chosen a system of a earthfill dams with the sedimentation area in combination with grassing. The thesis efforts to point the differences between the possible optimal solution and a compromise solution which respects the requirements of agricultural entities. The solution respects the trend of water retention in landscape and use of low cost measures.
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Flood prevention by using biotechnical measures
Pospíšil, Jan ; Pavlík, František (referee) ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav (advisor)
This thesis investigates the design of complex systems-natural flood control measures in the area of the cadastral municipality Jeseník nad Odrou. Based on the analysis and exploration of the territory, it was suggested a possible solution by erosion and hydrological GIS tools. To identify areas at risk of erosion and runoff conditions were used a digital elevation model, Wischmeier-Smith equation and model DesQ. Subsequently, the effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the results navžených measure erosion and runoff conditions before and after measures.
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Meziplodiny a zaplevelení obilnin
Pluschková, Zuzana
The aim of this master’s thesis was to determine the types of weeds in intercrops and subsequent cereals, to evaluate changesin weeding and to estimate the long-term effects of intercrops on cereal weeding. The weeding rate was evaluated using a numerical method. In the company Hoštická a. s., weeding was observed in various mixtures of intercrops and subsequently cultivated spring barley and maize. In a field experiment carried out at the experiment station Ivanovice na Hané weeding was observed in a barley monoculture after a sown intercrop and after skimming. The results were processed using statistical methods. Weed species were also divided according to different criteria (according to biological properties, according to origin, according to invasive status and according to harmfulness). The results show that monoculture of barley can increase the species representation of weeds. In the long term, intercrops can suppress some types of weeds. Intercrops allow the sprouts of the previous crop to emerge and prevent weeding of subsequent crops. As the diversity of intercrops increases, the list of ecosystem services expands.
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Možnosti uplatnění technologií zakládání porostů polních plodin do nezpracované nebo částečně zpracované půdy v zemědělském podniku
Výmola, Ivo
The bachelor thesis focuses on the design and possibilities of using of minimum tillage systems, specifically strip tillage technology with simultaneous injection of fugate from biogas plant into the soil profile for maximum utilization of this fertilizer. In the theoretical part, emphasis is placed on the introduction of conventional tillage and the types of minimum tillage systems and the evaluation of their advantages, but also their possible negative impacts. The practical part focuses on the evaluation of the current technology of soil tillage and establishment of maize silage crops and its economic evaluation and the design of a new technology of strip tillage with simultaneous application of this fertilizer to the soil profile. This practical part is based on data from the enterprise Zemědělská akciová společnost Nivnice. Finally, an evaluation of the return on investment and the benefits of this technology for the enterprise was carried out.
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Soil erosion risk analysis in Sidama Region, southern Ethiopia
Bizunhe, Getie Balkie ; Martínek, Karel (advisor) ; Hroch, Tomáš (referee)
Soil erosion is one of the most important environmental issues in Ethiopia. Studies on erosional processes and soil loss rates can provide insight into the landscape evolution, climate change, and human activities, as well as on land degradation risk. The soil coverage of the Sidama Region study area, Main Ethiopian Rift, is characterized by Major Reference Soil Groups as follows: Luvisols, Cambisols, Nitisols, Vertisols, Andosols, Fluvisols, Regosols, and Leptosols. Cambisols and Luvisols are more susceptible to erosion. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is most developed and recently widely used algorithm which was used to map and estimate the spatial distribution of soil erosion rates in the study area. Two rainfall datasets and three soil structure datasets were tested for reliability. The resulting 6 RUSLE calculations were validated by field mapped polygons in selected areas. It showed that most reliable input datasets are new more complete rainfall data and soil structure data derived from field mapping and sample analysis. The most susceptible areas of soil loss are mapped and the mean soil loss rate in the study area is 28 t/ha/yr. The mean annual soil loss of Sidama study area is above the tolerable mean soil loss (18 t/ha/yr for Ethiopian highlands). The Revised Universal Soil Loss...
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Zvýšení udržitelnosti hospodaření v zájmovém území a navržení environmentálně šetrných opatření
BAŠTÝŘOVÁ, Klára
From a theoretical point of view, the bachelor's thesis analyzes the threat of soil erosion, the possibilities of monitoring and protection against erosion, and the motivation of farmers to protect the soil fund in the Czech Republic through the strategies of subsidy programs. Furthermore, from the point of view of practical application, the establishment of new stands of non-production areas and protective belts around water was proposed in the selected erosion-threatened area. As part of the LPIS, an anti-erosion measure was also proposed in the form of a linear biocorridor, the purpose of which, in addition to protecting the soil from soil erosion, is to expand and support local biodiversity.
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Porovnání PK a KN držby pozemků a posouzení erozního ohrožení při postupném zvětšování ploch orné půdy
KUBEŠ, Tomáš
This thesis deals with the topic of soil erosion on arable lands in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part consists of evolution of evidence of real estates in the Czech lands and furthemore, it describes the process of water erosion. In the second part of this thesis, the estates of Land Cadastre and Cadastre of Real Estate were compared in terms of erosion jeopardy. Based on the results, the impact of size of an estate on water erosion was evaluated.
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Determination of the threat to the archaeological site Bylany by water and tillage erosion of soil
Derková, Nikola ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Strouhalová, Barbora (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to determine the threat of archaeological site Bylany by soil erosion. Soil erosion was detected using a combination of field research and modeling in the WaTEM/SEDEM program. The results of the diploma thesis are beneficial to the knowledge of the rate of erosion and at the same time can be helpful in research and preservation of archaeological monuments. Based on a combination of erosion modeling and field investigation, the rate of erosion and accumulation in the locality was determined. Soil erosion was demonstrated at five studied sites out of a total of eight sites. Two sites showed questionable results and only one site showed accumulation of material with an average annual accumulation of 2,14 mm. The average annual value of soil erosion varied between 0,46 and 26,9 mm. A high intensity of soil erosion was demonstrated on the erosion model of water erosion also in the southern part of the slope, where the smaller roundel is located, but this could not be confirmed by field investigation as this roundel has not been studied and described by archaeologists. The ongoing soil erosion in the locality thus represents a significant threat to the Neolithic roundels in Bylany.
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