|
|
Disease is neutral - Life with "depression"
Vojtková, Lucie ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Praško Pavlov, Ján (referee)
This thesis is inspired by the theory of social construction of mental illness. The work is a case study that uses the metaphor of the story and narrative analysis of interviews examining the individual human experience with mental illness. My goal was to find out what makes us understand the disease and how this understanding can be used in a daily struggle with the disease. In the theoretical part, I drew from documented knowledge about mental illness, particularly for depressive disorder and schizophrenia simplex. Then I presented the narrative approach as a legitimate way of exploring understanding of lived experience. The practical part is implemented as a case study and through narrative analysis provides interesting insight into the way of understanding and coping with mental illness a person who has the expertise and also suffer from mental illness. Key words: mental illness, social construction, narrative, narrative approach, the dominant medical discourse, depression, schizophrenia simplex, stigma, coping strategies.
|
|
|
Body Art - Tattoo and Piercing in Their Functional and Symbolic Meaning.
Kroupová, Eva ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (referee)
The diploma thesis "Body art - the functional and symbolic meanings of tatoo and piercing" focuses on body modifications that are used as body art and which have become fashionable as a cultural and social phenomenon in the contemporary society. First part of the thesis introduces a basic theoretical framework and sets the subject into the context, which the author presents in such a way that even a laic can benefit from the paper. Theoretical part defines the terms and introduces first archeological findings connected with this cultural phenomenon. Further on the paper introduces examples of body art from selected traditional cultures and describes the way, which this phenomenon undertook to the contemporary western society. At the end of the theoretical part categories of functional and symbolic meaning, which the body art can acquire, are introduced. Second part presents qualitative research that focuses on functional and symbolic meanings, that the body art in contemporary society acquires. Statements of twenty-two people who talk about their body art can be found here. At the end of the paper you will find out which functional and symbolic meanings of body art are the same among the contemporary society and the primitve one, how do they differ or which functional and symbolic meanings have vanised...
|
|
| |
|
|
As is reflected in the total institution life
Babková, Johana ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Kurucová, Ľubica (referee)
The subject of this thesis is a description and analysis of life imprisonment prisoners' daily life. The thesis deals with wider integration of daily life in jail. The jail as an institution and its impact on prisoners' life is described in theory. Problems of life imprisonment, key words connected with daily reality of total institutions and jail as a formal organization are also analysed. This work points out the lost of life imprisonment prisoner's identity and the importance of process adaptation in it. That means that life in jail is connected to identity lost during his collision with total institution. This process of identity lost is obvious particularly in of life imprisonment prisoners. In theoretical part of this thesis I derive from references of sociologists who work with topics of total institutions, stigmatization, moral career, technique of power and other sociological concepts. I try to show the impact of punishment on one's identity, what strategies of dealing with stress prisoners use and the whole picture of prisoner's personality impacted by the isolation from outer world to the end of the life. I would like to summarize the daily routine of life imprisonment prisoner. I suppose that this thesis doesn't give unambiguous conclusions but I would like to expound this sphere and...
|
|
|
Mental illness in the beginnings of the institutionalized psychiatry in Bohemia in (19th/20th century)
Kramolišová, Kateřina ; Himl, Pavel (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Diploma work "Mental Ilnes in the beginning of institualization czech psychiatry in 19th and 20th century" inform about slowly change in view on Madness phenomen in Europe history. This change from religious to medical care is very clear in the period if Enlightenment. Reflexion of this change from religious to medical care is also vivid in czech environment in 1869-1914. In my aproach to this problem were very important the medicals reports from Mental Sanatorium in Kosmonosy (this reports are from 1908-1910). In this materials I could study this medical turn in medical care about madmen. I raised the question of the role of physicians and psychiatrists in this process and I was also interested in the issue of mental stigmatization and its impact to social cooperation beetwen mental ills and "normal" society.
|
|
|
Obstacles in the lives for those with Von Hippel Lindau disease.
ŠEREDOVÁ, Eva
Morbus Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) is still an unkonwn term for many people. It refers to a genetic oncological desease affecting 1/39000 to 1/50000 persons. VHL is connected with a great deal of manifestation. It is a disease with a very unstable prognosis. Those diagnosed with VHL require medical care by a large number of specialists. However, an early detection may significantly improve the quality of patients´ life. The disease is manifestated by numerous negative side effects, which is the main topic of my bachelor thesis. The research deals with "Obstacles in the lives for those with Von Hippel Lindau disease." and identification of bio-psycho-social effects of the disease on the respondents and their families. Additionally, identification of negative factors that can influence the respondents´ lives. The research is based on four issues: What are the biological effects of the disease? What are the psychological effects of the disease? What are the social effects of the disease? What are the negative factors affecting the lives of respondents? The research part of the thesis results from a qualitative survey accompanied by the method of semistructured individual detailed interviews and case histories. The respondents of the survey are two women diagnosed with VHL, one of their close family members and a specialist taking care of the women the chief nurse of Ophalmology Department in Faculty Hospital in Brno. The survey was made in Jihlava and Brno. The answers recorded in pen and drafted in schemes in particular gave a comprehensive view of the most significant effects. The results showed that the disease can influence not only the biological aspect of patients diagnosed with VHL but also the social and mental one. The former mainly results from the variability of the disease. Both women account pain, dispepsia, pancreatic cysts and hemangioblastoma. Moreover, the respondent 1 reports progressive hamengioma retina resulting in the loss of eyesight and the respondent 2 serious DM and trombofilia. Naturally, these handicaps have effects on the social life of both respondents namely the loss of job. This refers to the respondent 1 due to the loss of her eyesight. Both report restraints in social activities, relationships and minimizing contacts with their friends. According to the survey results the mental effect is more or less the same for both the respondents, yet the least important. They mention mainly fears, hopelessness, determination and distrust. Other negative factors affecting the respondents´ lives are insecurity, isolation, lack of knowledge of the disease and stigma. The results showed the biological effect of the disease as the most significant followed by the social and psychological ones. The interviews proved that both laymen and professionals have inadequate knowledge about the disease which, in the Czech Republic, has very rarely been researched while foreign servers offer quite extensive studies on this issue. Especially in the US there are specialized clinics treating patients diagnosed with VHL which is, of course, a result of a large number of patients concentrated in this large territory. Thus, these factors enable patients be centred in specialized clinics. This bachelor thesis may be regarded as a comprehensive study of Von Hippel-Lindau disease. The output of the practical part is an information manual about this disease.
|
|
|
Phenomenon of stigmatization in communication between nurse and the patient
TROJANOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis is focused on phenomena of stigmatization in communication between a patient and a nurse. A term of stigmatization represents thinking in stereotypes and a general attitude with a predetermined vision, which is usually not based on reality. These prejudices appear in the field of communication. It is about connecting negative features and treating with inappropriate naming. Acting like this can lead to social isolation. This bachelor thesis maps a problem of stigmatization and possible using of so-called "stickers" in communication between a patient and a nurse within a nursing process. The research survey was focused on the awareness of nurses about the term of stigmatization and also it was investigated what attitude nurses occupy towards patients who could be, thanks to their difference, much more compromised by this phenomena. That was the reason why the research survey included obese patients, patients with psychic disorders, also homeless clients, national minorities, patients recovering from alcohol or drug addiction and last but not least those who have any kind of physical disability. In this bachelor thesis we focus also on how these clients perceive the cooperation with nurses during the hospitalization, if they registered any differences in communication with them and other patients and we will be also interested if they have met with the use of stigmatizing terms and in what form.
|
|
|
Dopad trestní minulosti na pracovní vyhlídky: Field experiment
Onuferová, Michaela ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Peľak, Branislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the problematics of statistically discriminating the previously incarcerated during the process of getting a job. Since the imprisonment trend has been increasing in the Czech Republic since 1993, this topic is highly relevant. The effect of previous incarceration or the criminal record in general has been studied by many economist and with the use of many methods; however, to my knowledge, no similar experiment has been used in the Czech Republic in this context. The thesis was based on an experiment - responding to the actual job advertisements offering low-qualified positions with four pairs of fictitious résumés aiming at the data collection and proving the possible statistical discrimination of the previously incarcerated on the labor market. Using the chi-square test of independence, the discriminating approach was confirmed as statistically significant. The survey is complemented by a questionnaire aimed at the recruiters responsible for filling the low-qualified jobs and apart from the question of imprisonment of the job applicants, the wider concept of criminal record in general is also taken into account.
|
|
|
Reproduction of \kur{Achillea millefolium} agg. and \kur{Achillea ptarmica} in meadows and verges
TOMŠOVÁ, Pavla
Several changes in land use during the last 50 years of 20th century had a significant impact on the composition of traditional meadows. The abundance of many plant species typical for traditionally managed meadows has declined. But some of these species have found a refuge in habitats such as field margins and road verges. The aim of this study was to describe how the reproduction success of two related Achillea species A. millefolium agg. and A. ptarmica depends on (i) the particular habitat in which they grow (meadow/verge); (ii) the abundance of pollinators in the study site; and (iii) timing of flowering within the season. Moreover, the longevity of individual flowers of the two taxa has been studied in order assess the width of the time frame the reproduction takes place in. These objectives were achieved by means of measuring plant total seed production and germination as proxies of reproductive success both in meadow and verge populations at the beginning, peak and end of the flowering season of the two species in 2012. The plants were chosen at plots, where concurrently a pollinator survey has been conducted as the part of the broader project. The durations of the male and female phases of individual flowers have been studied in separate experiments.
|
|
|
Atopic eczema in children's health and social impact
PÁLKOVÁ, Hana
The thesis deals with atopic eczema in children and its health and social impact. The work is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is focused on explaining the basic concepts in dermatology, presenting the anatomy and physiology of skin and its specific qualities in childhood, defining the atopic eczema and outlining its etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment and nursing care as well as health and social impacts of eczema. The practical part of the thesis set up three goals. The first objective was to determine the impact of the disease on children and their families. The second objective of the research was to determine the role of a nurse in the treatment of children with atopic eczema. The third objective was to create an educational brochure for parents of children with atopic eczema. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative research based on two semistructured interviews was carried out. The first of the two interviews was conducted with mothers of sick children. The research group consisted of ten mothers, five from Prague and five from České Budějovice. The second interview was performed with nurses in GP surgeries for children and adolescents and in surgeries of dermatologists and allergists. The second research group consisted of eight nurses, four of which worked in GP surgeries for children and adolescents, two with dermatologists and two with allergists. Nurses, as well as mothers, came from Prague and České Budějovice. Attention was paid to problems that mothers and children find the most annoying. Small children under four years of age are most bothered by the itching and pain; part of these children also dislike daily skin care. Children from five years up are upset about insufficient contact with their peers and limitations in performing their activities of interest. They have to make sure they do not swear while enjoying their hobbies and their skin must not come into contact with irritants. Their mothers suffer from the unpredictability of the disease and from not knowing whether the eczema will ever disappear. They also fear that the eczema might get worse. The medical complications related to atopic eczema include Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, warts, Molluscum contagiosum and herpes in eczema-affected areas. Other complications include itching, pain, sleep disorders in the mother and child, subsequent fatigue, impaired performance at school and/or work. Generally, children and mothers have positive relationships with others, yet sometimes the have to face curious looks. Mothers tend to spend less time with their partners than they would desire. As for nurses, it was found out that the primary role in patients? education is played by doctors, whereas nurses, in addition to performing their administrative duties, provide additional information and educational materials and respond to parents? practical questions. The research results may serve mainly to parents and their children with atopic eczema as a source of information about the problems they might encounter, helping them to address such problems. The output of the thesis will be an educational brochure for parents of children with atopic eczema.
|
guest ::
