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Vlasatá, Veronika ; Musil, Petr (advisor)
Tématem této bakalářské práce a jejím hlavním cílem je tvorba výkladového slovníku, základní názvy a definice z oblasti eroze půdy a protierozní ochrany. Jako hlavní zdroj informací budou použity knižní zdroje a články z oblasti ochrany půdy a eroze. Přínos této práce bude sloužit k lepší orientaci a přehlednosti v daných termínech, pro lepší pochopení a porozumění daných výrazů ohledně půdy, její ochrany a eroze. Slovník bude řazen podle principu hnízdování. Abecední řazení v jednotlivých hnízdech se řídí slovy, kterými začínají daná slovní spojení. Dále zde nalezneme i jednotlivé řazení výrazů podle abecedy.
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Analysis of market with e-learning materials
Drnková, Karolína ; Jarolímek, Jan (advisor) ; Ivo, Ivo (referee)
This diplom thesis is focused on e-learning programs in distance studies. In theoretical part explained the theoretical outputs and basic terms and analysis which are used in practical part of the thesis. In practical part is overview of the e-learning material providers. There are also described the main features of the market with e-learning materials. In conclusion is an evaluation, if the new company has chance to get in to the business with success and on which products it should be focused on.
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Economic impacts of regional development support
Vávrová, Denisa ; Kala, Václav (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis in theoretical part focused on the possibility of drawing funds from the two operational programs financed from EU funds as part of integrated urban development plans. The practical part evaluates projects implemented under the Integrated Development Plan of Mlada Boleslav in the programming period 2007 - 2013. It finds fulfillment of goals and identify the real effects or potential effects and anticipated that achieved the implementation of activities of these projects on the development of designated areas of the Old City and Northern settlements in Mlada Boleslav. Based on these findings assesses fulfillment of the implementation of the objectives of the Regional Operational Programme NUT II Central Bohemia and the Integrated Operational Programme, from which the projects were supported.
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Construction - Technical Analysis of wooden constructions
Pittnerová, Kateřina ; Múčka, Martin (advisor) ; Roman, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with four chosen types of vertical sheathing of houses in the passive standard and their overall thermo-technical and economic evaluation. At first, the materials which may be used in wood constructions of vertical sheathing of a house are described. Further, a design and thermo-technical assessment of each of the structures is performed. Wooden structures using environmentally friendly insulation are designed for three types of vertical sheathing and the system Ytong with external insulation is proposed for the fourth type, currently often used in the construction of passive houses in the Czech Republic. In order to comprehensively assess the building envelope, the composition of the roof and floor on the ground will be designed. The other part deals with the evaluation of the building envelope, separately for all four vertical sheathing options. An economic comparison of the envelope options based on the creation of itemized budgets will be carried out. Finally, the pros and cons of using each of the proposed envelope compositions will be evaluated.
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Statistical analysis of unemployment in Kutná Hora District and its expected future development
Košátková, Veronika ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Macháček, Otakar (referee)
This thesis deals with statistical analysis of unemployment in the region of Kutna Hora. Work will focus on job opportunities and on the structure of the candidates on the demand side in terms of gender, age and level of educational attainment. It also includes candidates from risk groups, graduates and disadvantaged. Statistical methods will evaluate seasonality in unemployment and quantified trends selected indicators. The result will be a formulation of recommendations for reducing unemployment in the region. The underlying data will be processed using the methods of analysis of time series based on the collection of data available in the databases of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, the Czech Statistical Office and the Labour Office in Kutna Hora.
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Options to reduce the impact of hydrological extremes.
Bačinová, Hana ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor)
The main aim is to assess the extremity of the event and its spatial variability within the area of interest of the Czech Republic. The aim of the work is anticipated quantitative and qualitative analysis based on a detailed assessment of the current state of the landscape in terms of protection against hydrological extremes and analyzing ongoing processes of water regime in different conditions. The result should be an evaluation of factors influencing the situation in the region and its water component, which will then be subjected to optimization, focusing on the possibility of increasing the accumulation and retention of water in the landscape, such as limiting the impact on the creation of a catastrophic flood flows. One of the investigating of the quantification of factors affecting extreme runoff events (floods and droughts), analysis of the effectiveness of biotechnical measures in watersheds (erosion control and flood the effects of existing measures such as biotechnical measures), the possibility of such measures in the landscape and their impact on the effectiveness of capacity-building and accumulation of water in the landscape.
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Testing of bioeffectors on phosphorus mobility in soils
Holečková, Zlata ; Balík, Jiří (advisor)
Crave for increase in agricultural production over the past sixty years reflects in widespread use of mineral fertilizers. Due to the growth of the world population an increase of overall demand for feed and food is expected. Limited availability of cultivatable soil and increasing dependance on mineral fertilizers can be also anticipated. It is therefore important to find alternative strategies for plant nutrition. In 2012, the project of cooperation between several universities in Europe was revealed. This project examines the use of bioeffectors in crop production. Use of these substances should help to reduce the input of mineral fertilizers used in agriculture and improve land usage. Thesis will perform testing in real conditions of different geographic locations. The main objective is to develop new approaches to the use of so-called bioeffectors based on the mechanism of action of living microorganisms and active natural substances. Bioeffectors may be, depending on soil and climatic conditions, a key factor for overcoming limitations in the availability of nutrients. They can contain microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) and active natural compounds (digest from soil or compost, microbial residues, plant extracts, metabolites from biological processes, dried herb material or seaweed). These substances are developed for a wide variety of crops (e.g. corn, wheat and tomatoes). Their effectiveness consists in nutrients mobilization from less accessible forms in the soil. The thesis is mainly focused on the impact of bioeffectors on various forms of phosphorus in the soil. Phosphorus in the soil belongs to essential elements necessary for the growth and development of plants. Despite its necessity in plant metabolism is its content in the soil relatively low. A higher phosphorus content is in most samples of soil mainly in the surface area because an increased biological activity occurs there causing the accumulation of organic material. Some influence can be also observed in connection with application of organic and mineral fertilizers. Amount of phosphorus in soil may vary depending on parental rock type, texture and land management (the ratio of P supplied and type and method of land cultivation). Above mentioned influences even have an effect on relative amount of organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus. Three basic groups of phosphorus contained in the soil can be described: inorganic phosphorus compounds, organically bound phosphorus and exchangeable absorbed phosphorus. The amount of phosphorus bound in the fractions depends mainly on the time of fertilizer application, including the impact of earlier interventions. For these reasons, it is necessary to execute detailed analysis of the various forms of phosphorus in the soil after application of mineral fertilizers together with bioeffectors. In this dissertation variety of pot and field experiments will be set up, where samples from each variation of soil and plant will be separated and researched. Samples will be analyzed and amounts of phosphorus will be measured.
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Use of composts and vermicomposts and their extracts together with bioffectors for growing of plants.
Bouček, Jiří ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this project will be to determine the influence of conditions during composting and vermicomposting of biodegradable waste of organic matter on physical-chemical properties of compost and vermicompost extracts. From this point of view mainly the content of basic nutrients and humin substances will be monitored and also the possible content of risk elements. In the same purpose the presence of different types of microorganisms in these extracts will be investigated and the enzyme activity of microorganisms in their extracts will be also determined. The extracts will be simultaneously prepared under aerobic and unaerobic conditions in different portion among the organic matter and its leachate and each sample variants will be compared to above conditions. The real effect of extracts applied on grown plants or into a soil including the fungicide effect of sample extracts during pot experiments will be reported. The effect of extracts will be also compared with commercial bioeffectors.
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Risk elements contamination in Kutná Hora region and possibilities of its usage in paleoenvironmental research
Horák, Jan ; Hejcman, Michal (advisor) ; Jaromír, Jaromír (referee)
The dissertation focuses on topic of using risk elements contamination as a stratigraphic marker in palaeoenvironmental research. The contamination is not studied only as itself, but is viewed as a way to analyse and interpret the sedimentary record of historical events. The contamination carries the information about its original place, its original activity, about development of the landscape.
The Kutná Hora region (central Bohemia; 49°57'0.170"N, 15°15'59.877"E) is a region of important historic mining and smelting activity. The mining started in 13th century and lasted until half of 16th century. Then only sporadic attempts of renewal were made. Spatially limited mining was renewed in second half of the 20th century. Therefore, it is highly probable to find here the contaminants in the role of stratigraphic markers. In the research were used mainly As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, V and Zn as these are the most analysed in contamination studies performed in the region.
The aims of the dissertation were to answer these questions:
To characterize the contamination
- Are some risk elements typical for the contamination originating from the mining and smelting?
- If so, is their environmental (spatial, sedimentary) manifestation diversified?
- Is possible diversity spatially related to particular landscape features or areas?
- Is possible diversity connected to particular activities?
To use the answers in analysis of particular sites
- Is it possible to use the risk elements contamination as stratigraphic marker in fluvial sediments?
- How is the interpretation of particular site influenced by the whole context of regional contamination?
The core of the research is the metaanalysis of contamination data coming from region (the data obtained by our research and also from other studies). The results have brought not only basic characteristics of contamination, mainly concentrations. The crucial result was the structure of studied elemental complex. Only As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn are connected to contamination originating in mining and smelting. Other elements - their concentrations and spatial distributions - are uninfluenced by mining and smelting activities. More, the information about connection of As and Cd to mining and Cu, Pb and Zn to smelting was revealed. Both groups recorded with different spatial distributions. Also comparison of results by different approaches has shown that some statistical processing (clr-transformation) of such dataset was much better for interpretation than analyses of only concentrations values.
We studied also the area of confluence of two rivers - Klejnárka (main river draining contaminated region), which is tributary to Labe (Elbe) river. The contamination is still recognizable here, but the diversity between contamination elements is not. The confluence of rivers strongly dilutes the contaminated material. The concentrations decrease. Also here clr-transformation of data enabled to analyse structures of contaminants spatial distribution unrecognizable by concentrations values.
We performed also two vertical profiles analyses. It was shown, that it is highly risky to interpret data of such origin without the complex information about regional contamination context. It was revealed by contextual interpretation of data from one of the profiles, that there is a mixing of geochemical data coming from different statistical populations. The contamination works there as only one of the factors influencing sedimentary record. The site is therefore suitable for statistical testing of two populations mixing, outliers` detection and the like.
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Nitrogen use from fertilizers applied to spring barley and winter wheat
Buráňová, Šárka ; Balík, Jiří (advisor)
Nitrogen fertilization is considered to be an important agronomic intervention. Its application to the field must be deliberate and well-timed. Poor management of nitrogen fertilizers can lead to significant losses with economic and environmental consequences. In the long-term field experiment of the Department of agroenvironmental chemistry and plant nutrition will be observed the influence of different organic and mineral fertilizers and the impact of location on the nitrogen balance and nitrogen use of applied fertilizer by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For the purpose of the thesis will be evaluated six treatments of fertilization: Control, Sewage sludge, Manure, N, NPK, N + straw. To the crops will be in the three-year cycle applied a single dose of 330 kg N ha-1. After the harvest will be annually determined the content of total nitrogen in plant material and yield of grain and straw. For wheat will be evaluated selected yield and quality parameters. From analyses of plant material will be then calculated indicators of nitrogen utilization of applied fertilizers.
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