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Barevné pšenice, možnosti zpracování a pekárenské využití
Plucarová, Dana
The aim of this diploma thesis was to carry out a literature search on the topic of „Colored Wheat, Possibilities of Processing and Bakery Use“ and to make bakery experiments using selected wheat varieties with non-traditional grain colour. The theoretical part deals with the pigments responsible for the colouring of wheats and its positive effects on human health, and also deals with the possibilities of bakery use of colored wheat in practice. In the practical part of the thesis, three bakery experiments were carried out with wheat varieties PS Karkulka (purple pericarp) and Skorpion (blue aleurone). In the first experiment, the addition of bran and finely ground bran of colored wheats to commercial flour was tested. In the second experiment flours (white and wholegrain) of colored wheat and the addition of caramel malt from colored wheat to commercial flour was tested. The third experiment assessed the addition of malt sprouts from colored wheat to commercial flour. All bakery samples were evaluated for baking characteristics, sensory analysis was made and objective colour measurement using spectrophotometer was performed.
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Velikost kořenového systému pšenice seté ve vazbě na výnos biomasy
Němec, Ondřej
The bachelor thesis deals with the influence of the size of root system on the grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the literature review, there is a description of the origin and anatomical structure of the root system, the description of the abiotic factors (lack of water, air temperature and mineral nutrition) and their influence on the properties of the root system and also the relationship between the root system size and grain yield of cereals. The second part of the thesis is focused on methods of studying the root system by electrical capacity. The practical part evaluated the size of the root system (RSS) of the selected varieties of wheat sown in the field experiment. The RSS was measured at three growth stages (columning, earing and filling grains) by the method of electric capacity. It was found that there are statistically conclusive differences in the RSS between the varieties of wheat with different baking quality, of which the category B had the largest root system in stem elongation and category C during the grain filling. The influence of the root system size on grain yield was not statistically conclusive, however, the positive correlation between the RSS at the stage of grain filling with grain yield (r=0.433) was detected.
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Plevele ozimé pšenice a technologie pěstování
Liška, Jakub
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the occurrence of weeds in the winter wheat field at the field experimental station in Žabcice, depending on the technology of cultivation and on the preceding crop being cultivated. Weed infestation was evaluated using a numerical method on an area of 1m2. As a variant of soil preparation, conventional, minimizing and direct sowing technologies were used. Preceding crops for winter wheat were alfalfa and maize for silage. The evaluation took place in the years 2017-2018. The statistical processing of the evaluation of the number of individuals of all species in the winter wheat field was performed using the Statistica.cz computer software. In order to determine the effect of the observed factors on the weed species which occurred in the field experiments, multivariate analysis of ecological data was performed by using the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). In addition, Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used. The results show that cultivation technology and preceding crops affect weed species spectrum.
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Vliv zkrmování barevné pšenice s modrým aleuronem na krevní parametry u laboratorních potkanů
Fajkusová, Martina
The experiment examined the effect of wheat with blue aleurone on blood parameters of laboratory rats the Wistar albino strain. In the experiment, 30 male rats were divided into 3 groups in 2 replicates. The first 4 groups were fed wheat varieties UC66049 and Skorpion. The last two groups received control wheat Bohemia. Consumption of feed, rat growths and feed conversion ratio were recorded during the experiment. After 72 days of testing, blood was collected. Blood plasma biochemistry profile was analysed. After a statistical evaluation, the finding was elevated the significant higher values of bilirubin and creatine kinase in the group fed Skorpion compared to UC66049 and control groups. The values of total protein were significantly lower in Skorpion wheat. Other evaluated parameters of the monitored blood plasma were non-significant.
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Design of a pipeline chain conveyor
Machala, Petr ; Malach, František (referee) ; Malášek, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the construction design of two different pipeline drag chain conveyors for transport of wheat and sewage sludge. The first part describes the operation principle and the main parts of this conveyor. The examples of designs from several manufacturers follow. Next part is devoted to determining the resistance to movement in individual sections of the transport route. Thesis continues with design proposals of both variants of conveyors, including suitable technological and strength calculations. The outputs of this work are also assembly drawings of these two conveyors.
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The effect of temperature in interaction with other factors of climatic change on selected physiological parameters and yield of C3 and C4 crops
Jiras, Tomáš ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mašková, Petra (referee)
The current climate change mainly involves global warming of the Earth, and anthropogenic activity is predominantly identified as the dominant cause. As a result of the ongoing climate change, there are ever-expanding areas with rainfall deficits, extreme weather patterns including heat waves, etc. Plants must be acclimated or adapted to worsening environmental conditions in the short term as a result of the climate change. Stress load significantly changes plant physiological parameters, even lethally. Plants respond to stress by acclimation responses and adaptations induced by changes in gene expressions on metabolic, physiological or structural levels, by phenotype modification, and other changes. The threat also affects agricultural plant production, which is obliged to ensure food security of the ever-increasing human population. The climate change is expected to reduce crop yields. The aim of this Thesis is to summarize knowledge about changes in crop physiology and agricultural production due to stress factors of the climate change, especially temperature, with emphasis on differences between C3 and C4 plants. Most of the work deals with C3 cereals: wheat, barley, rice and C4: corn, sorghum. Different responses of these crops are discussed, such as change in phenology, water use, CO2...
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The effect of temperature and drought on the glutenin proteins content in two genotypes of wheat
Vybíral, Lukáš ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of water and temperature deficiency on protein content of gliadin fraction and on glutenin/gliadin ratio in two wheat varieties. The varieties selected for the experiment are called Pannonia and RGT Reform. Samples were cultivated at three different temperatures, 26 °C, 32 °C and 38 ° C, and irrigation was checked at the time of flowering. For wet-grown samples, the soil had a moisture content greater than 70 %, and drought-grown specimens grew on soil with a moisture content not exceeding 30 %. After harvest, the grains were ground into flour and glutenins and gliadins were extracted from the individual samples. SDS-PAGE was used for separation and protein quantification was performed by computer densitometry. A significant effect of the variety on individual gluten proteins was found. In the Pannonia variety, it has been found that the interaction of higher temperature and drought has no major effect on glutenin content and glutenin/gliadin ratio. The RGT variety was significantly affected by these conditions, resulting in a decrease in glutenin content and a significant change in ratio. In both varieties, the glutenin content was higher when cultivated at higher humidity but only at two higher cultivation temperatures.
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Changes in gliadin content in four varieties of wheat at different temperatures and drought stress.
Cigánková, Michaela ; Kovalčík, Adriána (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with an influence of increasing temperature and water shortage on the content of gliadin proteins in four varieties of wheat: Bohemia, Pannonia, Tobak and RGT Reform. Samples were cultivated at 26, 29, 32, 35, 39 and 41 ° C. Due to the lack of culture samples at 41 ° C, these samples were not used for our experiment. Cultivation took place during flowering with sufficient moisture (with soil moisture higher than 70%) or under drought stress (with humidity below 30%). The A-PAGE method was used to separate gliadin fractions. Quantification was performed by computer densitometry. Significant influence of water availability on gluten protein content was found. The lack of moisture in the stress environment caused a relative increase in gliadin fractions compared to conventional conditions, especially in the Pannonia and RGT Reform varieties. The Pannonia and RGT Reform varieties responded most to the temperature, while Bohemia. The Tobak variety responded to the temperature in interaction with water scarcity. Due to the rising temperature, virtually all gliadin fractions in the Pannonia and RGT Reform varieties increased. The effect of drought often manifests itself in interaction with the influence of temperature. The most dramatic effect was the drought in interaction with temperature in the Tobak variety, where the gliadin content increased. In general, the temperature and drought were most affected by -gliadin fractions of all four varieties of wheat.
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