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Method of testing of the seed traits and seedling development under abiotic stress conditions for selection of oilseed rape genetic resources
Bláha, Ladislav ; Vyvadilová, Miroslava
The method is based on laboratory tests of speed of seed germination, emergence and seedling growth under different stress conditions simulated by subnormal water level, extreme high and low temperatures. It allows to eliminate already at the seed level the plant materials (initial breeding materials and cultivars) which do not tolerate extreme temperatures and temperature changes during germination, have a low water use efficiency and are intolerant to abiotic stresors. It was confirmed that these genotypes have also poor field emergence and initial growth of roots with implications for further vegetation period, mainly for over wintering and spring regeneration what has significant influence on the yield. The method represents the tool for screening of genetic resources with the resistance to the abiotic stresors and this technology process is acceptable also for other crops.
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Impact of the application of the insecticides on the diversity of ground beetles (Carabidae) in a winter rape stand
KEPL, Lukáš
This thesis deals with the determination of the direct impact of spraying on soil invertebrates by comparing the treated and untreated surfaces by spraying with plant protection products. The experiment took place in crop of winter oilseed rape in the western part of South Bohemia in spring 2012. As bio-indicators were used ground beetles beetles (Carabidae). Trapping was conducted using pitfall traps. In this work we compared the difference in the occurrence of ground beetles in treated and untreated crop of winter oilseed rape and subsequent tree alley. Only 15% of beetles was recorded sprayed areas, 69% in untreated areas and and 16% in the alley. This suggests the direct impact of spraying on non-target organisms. That's followed by a second experiment, which aim was to determine the long-term effects of intensive farming on ground beetle populations in habitats related to reporting rape field. The selected habitats were meadow, pasture, alley, ruderals and riparian vegetation. The results indicated the inportance of the biotops consequent to field as tthe refugium and the center of spreading of groujd beetles to the field where they provide ecosystem service of biological control.
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Rating combine harvesters John Deere 9880 and New Holland CR 9080 at harvest of cereals and oilseed rape.
WEBER, Michal
The aim of this thesis was to compare the activity and quality of work of the combine harvester New Holland CR 9080 and John Deere 9880 STS at harvest of cereals and oilseed rape and their simple economic evaluation. The thesis was focused on comparing losses and influence of moisture of harvested crops on the size of the losses, on the quality of crushing and the spreading of plant residues. Then the inf luence of moisture of harvested crops on the quality of crushing and the spreading of plant residues, analysis of performance and consumption of diesel were compared.
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Regulation weedy plants in a growth of winter rape
KAMEŠ, Josef
This work is focused on the problems of weed plants in winter rape which has been in recent years one of the most significant crop-plants in the world and represents one of the few plants grown in the Czech Republic where we can expect positive profit. The problems of weed plants is one of the main negative factors affecting the yield and quality of rape. For this reason I was following the weed infestation rate in three variants in one land during a certain vegetation period of winter rape. The number of weed plants occurred in the given land was recorded and assessed regularly. The most frequent weed was field pansy, which made up approximately 85 % of all the range of weeds which occurred in the explored land. The second most frequent weed was Field pennycress which made up 14 % of the weeds occurred. There were hardly any other kinds of weeds in the land. From the resultant values we can make the conclusion that long-term fight against persistent weeds has to be done carefully and has to be based on complex protection which consists of preventive and direct methods of weed plants regulation.
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